chapter 17
26. Which of the following refers to a positive inotropic effect?
an increased myocardial contractile force
9. Which of the following is most likely to increase ejection fraction?
Activation of beta1-adrenergic receptors
20. Decreased blood flow through the coronary arteries is most likely to cause
angina pectoris
25. Which of the following is approximately 70 mL?
average stroke volume
24. What is the term for the sequence of events that occur during one heartbeat?
cardiac cycle
12. Which term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart in 1 minute?
cardiac output
17. Heart rate and stroke volume determine
cardiac output
13. Sympathetic nerve stimulation of the myocardium
causes a (+) inotropic effect.
37.An ejection fraction of 30% is
characteristic of a failing heart
42. Furosemide (Lasix), a potent diuretic, is administered in acute ventricular failure to
excrete excess water and relieve the edema.
36. Increased return of the blood to the heart stretches the muscle, thereby
increasing stroke volume.
35. Cardiac output
is determined by heart rate and stroke volume.
1.Systole and diastole describe the function of the
myocardium
16. Which of the following is descriptive of the vagus nerve?
parasympathetic
23. Which of the following most accurately describes the vagus nerve?
parasympathetic
10.Which of the following is the same as end-diastolic volume?
preload
39. Which of the following is the most likely consequence of acute left ventricular failure?
pulmonary edema
29. What is the term that refers to an increase in stroke volume in response to the stretching of the heart?
starling's law of the heart
11. What term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the ventricle in one beat?
stroke volume
28. Cardiac output is determined by heart rate and
stroke volume
31. Which of the following is descriptive of a drug that causes a (+) inotropic effect, a (+) dromotropic effect, and a (+) chronotropic effect?
sympathomimetic
2. During atrial systole, the
ventricles are relaxed.
43. Digoxin, a drug used in the treatment of heart failure, increases contractile force and is therefore called a
(+) inotropic agent.
8. Which of the following is most likely to increase stroke volume?
A (+) inotropic drug
6. Which of the following is most likely to relieve an anxiety-induced tachycardia?
Beta1-adrenergic blocker
4. Which of the following is the most likely consequence of a very rapid heart rate?
Decreased ventricular filling (with blood)
41. Which of the following is an example of forward failure?
Diminished renal blood flow stimulates the kidney to decrease urinary output and retain Na+ and water.
5.Which of the following does not happen to a ventricle?
Discharge of a vagal nerve
7. Which of the following is responsible for the Starling effect?
End-diastolic volume (EDV) or preload
3.What happens during ventricular diastole?
The ventricles are filling with blood.
32. Which of the following drugs is sympathomimetic?
beta-1-adrenergic agonist
15. Excess vagal stimulation to the SA node is most likely to cause
bradycardia
21.Which term refers to a heart rate less than 60 beats/min?
bradycardia
14. Vagal stimulation to the heart causes
heart rate to slow
38. A stenotic aortic valve
increases afterload, thereby increasing the work of the left ventricle.
18. A drug (e.g., atropine) that blocks the effects of the vagus nerve
increases heart rate
27. Sympathetic stimulation to the heart
increases heart rate
33. An increased preload
increases stroke volume.
34. Increased afterload (e.g., hypertension)
increases the work of the heart.
30. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist and is therefore used to
relieve bradycardia
40. Most of the symptoms of acute left-sided heart failure are
respiratory in nature (e.g., dyspnea, orthopnea).
19. Activation of the muscarinic receptors by acetylcholine
slows heart rate
22.Vagal stimulation on the heart
slows the heart rate