Chapter 18: Facials

What qualities are more typical of an esthetician's career than a hairstylist's career? (Select all that apply.)

a workplace that is calming identification with the wellness community

During a client consultation, you should most likely __________.

enquire about the clients' health and skin care history

What is the most important feature to consider when purchasing a treatment chair or table?

ergonomic design

Your trainee wants to know what acne bacteria live on. What is the food source of acne bacteria?

fatty acids

In the context of massage techniques, which of the following is an invigorating rubbing movement in which you apply pressure on the skin while your fingers or palms move over the underlying structures?

friction

Which direction of movement should massage follow?

from the insertion to the origin

_____ current prepares the skin for extractions through _____ or helps deliver targeted products to the skin through _____. Galvanic machines have two electrodes, a positive electrode, or _____, and a negative electrode, or _____. _____, also called wave therapy, mimics the way the brain relays messages to the muscles. _____ machines use only one electrode, which is usually shaped like a mushroom and therefore called a mushroom electrode.

galvanic, desincrustation, iontophoresis, anode, cathode, microcurrent, high-frequency current

Cosmetologists should have a thorough understanding of facial treatments and skin care products because __________.

having knowledge of the basics of skin care products and skin analysis allows them to give advice to clients when they ask for it

_____ heat damp or dry towels, while _____ heat water and produce a stream of warm steam that can be focused on the client's face or other areas of the skin. _____ are used to cleanse and lightly exfoliate the skin. _____ rely on high-frequency mechanical oscillations to lift impurities from the pores as they exfoliate the skin's surface and brighten the complexion. _____ have germicidal and bactericidal capacities that can purify the skin.

hot towel cabinets, facial steamers, rotary brushes, ultrasonic spatulas, ozone steamers

What type of equipment is most like a portable massage table?

lower-end treatment tables

You have just purchased a galvanic machine. How many electrodes does it have?

2

Which statement is true regarding preservative and corrective facial treatments?

Preservative treatments often involve massage.

A new client has a condition that does not necessarily contraindicate electrotherapy. What might it be?

Acne prone skin

Your colleague wants to separate facts from myths about acne. What do you tell them is NOT true of acne?

Adult acne is a myth.

Which of the following should you do as part of post-service consultation?

Advise the client to follow a proven home care routine that will support the salon treatment.

What is true of all facial equipment?

Always check with an instructor before using any facial equipment.

Match the cleanser type with the correct description.

a light emulsion suitable for normal to dry skin types => cleansing lotion made of microscopic oil molecules called micelles => cleansing water

Which of the following is a common benefit of skin care for practitioners? (Select all that apply.)

making a difference in a client's skin learning about the medical aspects of skin care stress relief

What is a good guideline to follow when considering facial hair and skin care treatments?

Choose healing or soothing products if the client has recently shaved.

A(n) __________ is a condition that requires avoiding certain procedures, treatments, or products to prevent undesirable side effects.

Contraindication

Match the type of mask with the correct description

may be available in a freeze-dried form => sheet masks typically used on combination, oily, and problematic skin => clay-based masks can be seaweed-based => alginate masks

What condition should be referred to a dermatologist?

unresponsive, acne-prone skin

In the context of basic massage techniques, __________ is a light, continuous stroking movement applied in a slow, rhythmic manner with the fingers or the palms.

Effleurage

The use of electrical currents for skin treatment is called __________.

Electrotherapy

Concentrated treatment products that are usually composed of mineral clays, skin softeners, moisturizing agents, botanical extracts, aromatherapy oils, and other beneficial ingredients to cleanse, exfoliate, tighten, tone, hydrate, calm, detoxify, and nourish the skin are called __________.

masks

Identify a difference between estheticians and hair stylists.

Estheticians usually identify with the wellness community, whereas hair stylists identify with the beauty industry.

Clients with sensitized skin should be advised to eat spicy foods to "sweat out" their condition.

False

Only dry skin can be sensitive.

False

Use essential oils to treat sensitive skin.

False

Which of the following is a common skin care consultation question?

How does your skin feel during different times of the day?

What could result in a loss of resiliency and sagging of the skin and muscles?

massaging in the wrong direction

Which of the following is a benefit of proper exfoliation of the skin?

It decreases clogged pores and oiliness of the skin.

Identify a true statement about alipidic skin.

It does not produce enough sebum

Which of the following statements is true of a normal skin type?

It has balanced sebum production

What is NOT good advice to follow when performing a facial treatment?

Keep hands cool for a refreshing touch.

_____ methods include facial scrubs, facial brushes, or _____, which describes a category of advanced treatment. One form of this is _____, which uses a closed vacuum system, but can be expensive and involve extensive clean-up. _____ uses a diamond-tip applicator that polishes away the skin's upper layers. _____ is a therapeutic procedure that combines liquid exfoliation with serum penetration to promote healthier, more balanced skin.

Mechanical exfoliation, microdermabrasion, crystal microdermabrasion, crystal-free microdermabrasion, Hydrodermabrasion

__________ are products that help increase the water content of the skin surface while helping reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Moisturizers

_____ skin can be identified because it lacks fine lines or wrinkles and has no greasy areas or flaky skin. _____ skin dehydrates easily due to poor sebum production, while _____ skin is prone to blackheads, papules, and pustules. Pores typically become smaller toward the edges of the face in _____ skin.

Normal, Dry, oily, combination

Which of the following should you most likely do as a skin care professional?

Perform skin analysis before starting a facial treatment.

In the context of massage modalities, __________ is a kneading movement performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing the tissue with a light, firm pressure.

Petrissage

Identify a guideline for facial treatments.

Provide a quiet atmosphere and work quietly and efficiently.

You want to explain to your colleague the different terms related to acne. Which statement is correct?

Pus refers to the fluid inside a pustule.

Your colleague is unsure whether to perform a service on a client whose skin is not responsive. What do you advise?

Refer the client to a dermatologist.

What must your clients do before receiving galvanic current treatment?

Remove all jewelry.

What statement best describes the stools and chairs used for facials?

Stools and chairs both generally have four legs.

Identify the massage technique that involves the fingertips striking the skin in rapid succession or fast tapping movements.

Tapotement

Which of the following statements is true of ampoules?

They are packaged in small, sealed vials containing a single premeasured application for targeted treatment.

Which of the following statements is true of high-frequency treatments?

They can be used to stimulate blood flow and oxygenate the skin.

Identify a true statement about facial treatment chairs.

They can remain upright to minimize their footprint.

Sensitive skin is highly reactive to air pollution.

True

Sensitized skin is a temporary condition.

True

You are about to perform desincrustation. Which of the following steps do you perform first?

Wrap the electrodes in wet cotton.

Galvanic current is used when __________.

a client has open wounds or inflamed pustular acne

Which form should indicate contraindications for treatment? (Select all that apply.)

a client questionnaire , a client chart , a health history form

What does the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) protect? (Select all that apply.)

a client's privacy

What releases a cosmetologist from liability before services are performed? (Select all that apply.)

a consent form

What qualities are more consistent with a career in hair styling than a career in skin care? (Select all that apply.)

a high-energy personality identifying with the beauty industry and the latest fashions

Certain conditions contraindicate treatments. All waxing should be avoided if the client has taken _____ in the last six months. If the client is taking _____, extraction should be avoided unless a doctor has given permission. _____ contraindicates any questionable treatment as a general safety precaution, and light-based treatments that pulsate are contraindicated in _____. Clients who have _____ should not be treated with products containing fragrances, and clients with _____ should be treated with caution in general, because associated neuropathy may prevent the client from feeling pain.

accutane blood thinners Pregnancy epilepsy allergies diabetes Status

Match the color of LED light with the condition that it treats most effectively.

aging and redness => red light acne-prone skin => blue light inflammation and slow lymphatic flow => yellow light hyperpigmentation => green light

What paperwork should a new client complete before any treatments begin? (Select all that apply.)

an intake form , a client service record , a consent form

Match the description of skin analysis equipment with the correct name.

analyzes and calculates moisture levels in the skin => skin moisture analyzer provides a well-lit, enlarged view of the skin => magnifying lamp

If a client has sensitive, redness-prone skin, you should most likely __________.

avoid harsh scrubs

A client asks you if you can perform an electrotherapy service for them. Which of the following techniques would NOT be considered electrotherapy?

chemical exfoliant

Which of the following is a rich water-in-oil emulsion used mainly to dissolve makeup and dirt and is suitable for very dry and mature skin?

cleansing cream

What is another name for a client intake form? (Select all that apply.)

client questionnaire, consultation cards, health history form

Which of the following is typically the last step of a client consultation?

completing the consent form

A(n) __________ is a condition that requires avoiding certain procedures, treatments, or products to prevent undesirable side effects.

contraindication

In the context of the types of facial treatments, __________ rectify certain facial skin conditions, such as comedones and minor acne conditions.

corrective facial treatments

Match the cleanser type with the correct description.

cream or gel consistency with surfactants => foaming cleanser nonfoaming; cleanses dry and sensitive skin types => cleansing milk contains beneficial oils that break down makeup, dirt, excess sebum, and pollutants => cleansing oil

What type of skin will benefit the most from electrical current during a facial?

dry skin

If a client is pregnant, has a history of seizures or epilepsy, has metal bone pins or plates in the body, or has a pacemaker, you should most likely avoid __________.

electrical treatments

Match the type of mask with the correct description.

often contain humectants => cream masks do not dry hard and are often used for sensitive skin => gel masks

Your new coworker is unsure what type of skin is most prone to acne. What do you tell them?

oily skin

In the context of massage modalities, __________ is a kneading movement performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing the tissue with a light, firm pressure.

petrissage

In most states, cosmetologists are licensed to perform _____________.

skin services nail services hair services

What does NOT determine a massage's impact?

skin type of the client

What is the portion of the muscle farthest from the skeleton?

the insertion

Galvanic current is used when _____.

the objective of the treatment is to assist in delivering targeted products to the skin or prepare the skin for extractions

What portion of the muscle is located at the fixed attachment?

the origin

What type of equipment is built to remain upright when not in use in order to save space?

treatment chairs

A(n) __________ depends on high-frequency mechanical oscillations of up to 30,000 Hz, which lift impurities from the pores as they exfoliate the skin's surface and brighten the complexion.

ultrasonic spatula

Match the description of skin analysis equipment with the correct name.

uses black light to make the skin fluoresce => Wood's lamp uses simulated daylight and LED-UV light modes => skin scope can detect and map sun damage and bacterial infections => digital skin analysis system