Chapter 2 Quiz

Which correlation coefficient best represents a moderate relationship showing fewer anxiety symptoms in people who report higher life satisfaction?

-0.53

Which word is the most appropriate synonym for the term validity?

accuracy

________ is a reduction in the number of research participants as some drop out of the study over time.

attrition

Studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants ________.

can sometimes be tested with animal studies

Dr. Mattar is interested in knowing more about brain injury to the occipital cortex, and he studies patients individually in order to gain in-depth knowledge about their behaviors. These studies would best be described as ________.

case studies

Krista and Tatiana Hogan are participants in a(n) ________ of conjoined twins who are joined at the head.

case study

Sandra strongly believes that attending daycare is detrimental to children's development so she decides to write her psychology term paper on this topic. She does a literature search and finds several sources supporting her opinion, but she finds that the majority of research indicates that children attending daycare experience healthy development. She writes a paper using the sources that find negative associations with daycare attendance. This is an example of ________.

confirmation bias

A(n) _________ variable is a factor that affects both variables of interest in research and may falsely give the impression of a cause-and-effect relationship.

confounding

Stan and Jerry are in a psychology course that requires them to repeat an experiment that researchers have conducted in the past, in order to determine whether they produce the same results. This is called __________.

replication

The fact that some well-known studies have been repeated without finding results consistent with those in the initial report describes a(n) __________ that is currently affecting research in psychology and other fields.

replication crisis

A(n) __________ is conducted in order to determine wether there are meaningful differences between two groups in a study.

statistical analysis

Psychological knowledge is advanced through a process known as _________, which involves a prescribed series of steps designed to achieve the desired knowledge.

the scientific method

A(n) _________ is a well-developed set of ideas that proposes an explanation for observed phenomena.

theory

__________ (IRB) reviews research that involves the use of human participants.

Institutional Review Board

_________ is an anthropologist who contributed to out understanding of chimpanzee behavior in the wild, using naturalistic observation.

Jane Goodall

The first woman to earn a PhD degree in psychology was __________.

Margaret Flow Washburn

This organization, one of the largest professional groups of psychologists in the world, was founded in 1892.

The American Psychological Association

Which of the following is not part of obtaining informed consent?

explaining the hypothesis to the participants

Dr. Guttierez is examining a research question and has posted a hypothesis, but his student points out, "Dr. G., the assumption that you have made cannot be disproven no matter what data we gather!" This research study suffers from an absence of ________.

falsifiability

A group of preschool-age children are enrolled in a study that plans to follow them over time in order to assess behaviors and other characteristics that may predict later development of schizophrenia. This is an example of a(n) _________ design.

longitudinal