Chapter 2 Quiz

This lipid is used by the body as a precursor for the production of steroid hormones.

cholesterol

The bond between sodium and chloride in NaCl involves

the transfer of electrons from one atom to another

Which is not true about carbohydrates?

they have mostly ionic bonds

This type of lipid is used by the body for insulation.

triglycerides

An atom with 2 or more shells can be described as chemically stable if its valence shell contains _ _.

eight electrons

Which of the following is a monosaccharide that is used by cells to produce energy?

glucose

What type of chemical bond commonly forms between adjacent water molecules?

hydrogen bonds

Which of the following describes the major significance of the element chlorine in the human body?

ionized form is most plentiful anion in extracellular fluid

The nucleus of unstable _____ of an element will decay leading to emission of radiation.

isotopes

Which of the following carbohydrates is a disaccharide?

lactose

Among isotopes of any particular element, the number of _____ can vary, and therefore the mass number of the element will vary.

neutrons

What region of an atom contains the protons and neutrons?

nucleus

In a polar covalent bond, the atom that has the most electronegativity will have a

partial negative charge.

This type of fatty acid contains more than one double bond in its hydrocarbon chain.

polyunsaturated

Within your body, anabolic reactions occur all the time. Cells of the body use the raw materials derived from the foods you eat (which are first digested into smaller molecules by your digestive system), and build new larger molecules from the smaller molecules that are taken into the cell. What is another name for this type of chemical reaction?

Synthesis

What is the most abundant and most important inorganic compound in the body?

Water

In DNA, a guanine base will form a hydrogen bond with

a cytosine base

Which of the following is a proton donor?

acid

A solution with a pH value less than 7 is

acidic

Which of the following can lower the amount of free radicals in the body?

antioxidants

Ninety-six percent of the body mass is made from

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen