Chapter 2 Quiz

In atrial fibrillation, the heart rate ranges from:

100 to 175 bpm

Approximately, how many Americans have hypertension?

108 million

Which of the following is considered a normal systolic BP reading?

120 mm Hg pressure of the blood against the arterial walls during contracts to pump blood out to the body

What percentage of deaths are caused each year in the United States because of CAD?

20 percent

Fluid retention may be experienced causing swelling and weight gain. In times of exacerbation or decompensation, patients may experience a weight gain of ________

40 to 50 pounds in a few days

According to estimates, approximately how many Americans die of DVT/PE annually?

60,000 to 100,000

Which of the following is considered a normal diastolic BP reading?

80 mm Hg pressure in the arteries while the heart is filling and resting between beats

Which of the following would NOT be a factor to make a person a higher risk for CAD?

A person with a BMI score of 24.

People with AFib and AFL may not experience any obvious signs or symptoms. Some individuals may notice something that occurs only occasionally, or symptoms that become more frequent over time. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of AFib or Aflutter?

Bradycardia

What does CAD stand for?

Coronary Artery Disease

Which of the following are etiologies of systolic heart failure?

Coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, previous MI, left ventricle dilates

Arrhythmias may be related to certain lifestyle factors. The doctor may suggest several lifestyle changes that can help limit the occurrence of arrhythmias. Which of the following is NOT recommended?

Exercise occasionally with kickboxing, intense cardio or aerobics.

The most common cause of CAD is a ____________ injury with a buildup of cholesterol-containing deposits (plaques) in the arteries, known as atherosclerosis.

Vascular

Which of the following are causes of diastolic heart failure?

Hypertension-induced myocardial hypertrophy, ischemia-induced ventricular remodeling, aortic valvular disease, mitral valve disease, pericardial diseases and cardiomyopathies

PE blood clots most commonly from the deep veins of the legs and are caused by:

Inactivity, Chemotherapy, Vascular injuries

The prognosis and life expectancy for patients with atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation depend on the patient's underlying condition and overall health. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Individuals with an adequate response to medications or procedures have a poorer prognosis.

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement regarding PE?

It is estimated that 700,000 people could be affected by PE in the United States

Which of the following statements is correct in regards to cholesterol?

Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ("good") cholesterol under 40 mg/dL

Which of the following is a lifestyle modification that will NOT increase the chances of CHF exacerbations?

Low sodium diet

Some arrhythmias tend to happen at specific times or under certain circumstances, so the doctor will often ask when they occurred and what the patient was doing. Which of the following would the doctor probably NOT ask?

Were you eating at the time or had you just eaten?

Which of the following is NOT a lifestyle change to improve and prevent high BP?

Women limiting their alcoholic beverages to two drinks a day.

A patient has diabetes and is at risk for CAD. Will taking Metformin help the patient's risk of CAD?

Yes, Metformin is a medication that helps control plaque buildup and reduce the risk of CAD

The doctor may prescribe medications which may include heart rate-control drugs and anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. Which of the following is NOT a medication to control a fast heart rate?

NOACs

Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for a patient with CHF?

Neoplastic treatment

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding PE?

PE is the third most common cardiovascular disease.

Surgery might be necessary to remove problematic clots, especially those that restrict blood flow to the lungs. Which of the following is a surgical procedure that is used to break up the embolism?

Percutaneous thrombectomy

Episodes of AFib may come and go, although some people may develop AFib that does not go away and may require treatment. What type of AFib is characterized with an irregular rhythm that does not go back to normal on its own and lasts longer than seven days?

Persistent

Which of the following medications would NOT be used to decrease the heart rate and blood pressure to help reduce the heart's workload?

Ranolazine

In systolic heart failure, cardiac output is reduced due to which of the following?

Reduction in contractility of LV myocardium by diseases that disrupt myocyte activity

A few people with high BP have symptoms, but they are not specific and usually do not occur until their hypertension has reached potentially life-threatening stage. Hematuria, proteinuria, and oliguria are considered what kind of symptoms of high BP?

Renal symptoms

Which of the following lifestyle changes would be recommended to improve heart health and keep arteries clear of plaque?

Seven to Nine hours of sleep a day

Hypertension is a serious condition in described by which of the following?

The circulating blood pressure against the arterial walls is high enough to possibly cause a stroke

Atrial fibrillation is the most common tachyarrhythmia. Estimates of the prevalence of AFib in the United States range from about 2.7 million to 6.1 million. Which of the following statements is NOT true about AFib?

The rhythm in the atria is regular and more organized than the abnormal patterns common with AFL

CHF is used to describe:

Both left sided and right sided heart failure, Systolic and Diastolic Heart Failure

A doctor will perform a physical exam to help diagnose PE. During the physical exam, which of the following tests may be performed?

Blood pressure reading, Oxygen saturation, Auscultation of the heart and lungs

Diagnosing hypertension is as simple as taking a BP reading. Most doctors' offices check blood pressure as part of a routine visit. How many consistent elevated BP readings are usually needed before a provider official diagnoses a person with hypertension?

After two to three elevated readings over several appointments