Chapter 21-Civil War
Named for the poisonous snake, they played with war's power by attacking against the draft and against emancipation(this was after 1863). They called the president, "Murder Texas Hornets", "Illinois Ape" while also condemning the "Racist War". Their power was mostly consumed in the southern parts of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois
"Peace Democrats" Copperheads:
Missouri, Delaware, Maryland, and Kentucky were considered because of their geographical positions and strong loyalty connections to both the South and the North. -
1. Which states were considered "Border States" at the onset of the war? Why?
The amount of national wealth. In 1860, they possessed 30% of the national wealth, but by 1870,the South claimed only 12% of the national wealth.Transportation. During the Civil War, the Northern had the "standardized" railroads that could transport people's cars and goods cars on the same track. Meanwhile, the South were driven to the economic cannibalism of pulling up rails from the less-used lines to repair the main ones.
1. Describe at least two challenges/setbacks economically for the Confederacy during the Civil War.
620,000 soldiers died Even though recently,the Vietnam War eclipsed the number of American deaths 644,000 deaths of the about 1,264,000 American deaths were from other wars.
1. How many soldiers died during the Civil War? How does this compare with American deaths in other wars?
About 31 million people were living in the "broken-U.S" before the Civil War, with the North having 22 million people, and the South having 9 million people. Obviously, the Union Army had more, while the Confederate military had less.The Union army had 2,128,948, while the Confederate States had 1,082,119. The percentage of soldiers that "volunteered" to fight in the Civil War was more than 90%.
1. How many soldiers enlisted in the Union and Confederate military during the Civil War? What percentage of soldiers "volunteered" to fight in the Civil War?
_____________ and ___________ were hoping to be able to go to England and France and lobby for recognition of the Confederacy, but they were halted and jailed by the North.However, ___________ were outraged by this because they had yet to take sides in the Civil War in late November.
1. What were James Mason and John Slidell hoping to accomplish when their ship was intercepted by the North? What was Britain's reaction to the event?
*Only 1/3 of deaths during the Civil War were directly related to bullets/weaponry* Stench of putrefying flesh wafting through a packed,unsanitary campus in camps.Another challenge was the unglamorous illnesses which include:syphilis, dynestary,typhoid fever, pneumonia, mumps, measles and tuberculosis, all because of health falling due to a meager diet and fierce fighting.
1. What were some of the challenges with medical treatments and practices at the onset of the Civil War?
Give three ways that the Union helped to pay and finance the war effort
1.Congress passed the Morrill Tariff Act, superseding the low Tariff Act of 1857 2.The Washington Treasury issued green backed paper money, totaling nearly $450 million, at face value 3. Congress founded a National Bank System, to establish a standard bank-note currency
By makeshift hospitals became efficient, clean ones with accumulation of medical records and reports. The hospitals had a clean,well ventilated and large pavilion style hospital, thanks to Hammond.Thousands of physicians also got experience and training in a field hospital and large pavillon setting,as the contagious spread of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,anestichics, and best surgical practices became world-known.There was even an organized relief agency called the United States Sanitary Commission, that dovetailed doctors' efforts to save wounded and ill soldiers.
2. How did medical practices and treatments improve by the end of the Civil War?
Fire more than one bullet before needing to reload. The Spencer carbine, an example of this technology, could fire seven shots in 30 seconds, but it was only available to the North.
2. What accounted for 90% of weapon deaths during the Civil War? What changed about this weaponry from previous conflicts?
The _____ made plans to attack the American fleet that was blocking the South, but it only made the British make a plan to block Northern ports.The ________ know that they need _________ to help them win with more ammo and guns because they don't have the factories that the North has. The __________ also needed to know someone to support him during the war, and they also did secret things with European countries including sending ships that in turn, became war ships. They continuously bribed them with cotton so they could get ammo, but the North threatened them that there was going to be a war after the war, so the ________ didn't.
2. What did the South use in an attempt to leverage foreign countries into providing them with support? Did it work?
A _____ is a law that requires young people(at the time, only men) to be in the armed forces of a particular country for a period of service. The draft consists of requirements, one being your age(beginning of the war, 18-35, while at the end of the war,17-50,). Some _________ ,especially in the North were draft riots took place in New York for four days.Democrats of this also fueled this fire, as leaders despised the Lincoln and wisdom of the war.While at Gettysburg, it ignited smoldering racism, which put the North on a path to violence and violent events down the road. For example, freed blacks were unfairly targeted during the war, with serveling being beaten to death or lynched by mobs, and a black orphanage and church were set on fire.
2. What is a draft? What were some controversial issues with the draft, especially in the North?
While the Confectary States of America grew cash crops like cotton tobacco,_________ was a major food producer.
2. Why do you think Lincoln considered Kentucky to be of high importance to keep in the Union?
Union had almost all of the nation's track and locomotive factories, and their tracks were "standard gauge" meaning that people or any other train car could ride on it. However, the South's were not standardized, so people and goods frequently switched cars as they traveled. As for the Telegraph, Abraham Lincoln used it his White House telegraph office, which allowed for monitored battlefield reports,lead real-time strategy meetings and deliver orders to his men, while the Confederate army lacked the technology and industrial ability to conduct such as a large-scale communication campaign.In 1861, the Union army hired a young railroad man named Andrew Carnegie to the U.S Military Telegraph Corps. In the next year,they trained 1,200 operators, strung 4,000 miles of telegraph wire,and sent more than a million messages to and from the battlefield.
3. How did the Railroad and Telegraph impact fighting during the Civil War?
Willing to admit they wanted the Confederacy to win, but knew America would pull through Events like ___________'s during the Civil War portrayed how ______________ like ______ during the civil war thought that because America had its own problems, the Union could collapse. This might be because they thought because the South (Confedarcary) had slavery, they had more money, thus more power. _________ is also showing that gambling was so popular during the time. During this time, it was all about who had more power, based on how much money they made based on their slaves working on harvesting their cash crops. Going back to the idea of slavery, it might be because of the government during the time in other countries. Like ____, other countries around the world(not the U.S) had an aristocratic government, meaning that one person that was the rich was powerful and made the decisions, not the people. America was trying to get out of that(the North wanted free government so that every state could be one United States of America, it's called a Democracy). But at the same time, he is also showing that just because America is divided, other countries around the world might be divided on America during the Civil War.
3. What do events like Napoleon III's actions during the Civil War portray about how European countries intentions during the Civil War?
because West Virginia was not anything before 1861 because they did not have slavery,but they have small farms.In Virginia, there was a lot of weathly eastern planters,but they accurqing the Virginian law, so western Virginians couldn't have a say on anything, including lower taxes and infrastructure. The wealthy Virginia planters could, though because slaves were counted in allotting representation.
3. Why did certain areas of Virginia refuse to join the Confederacy? Explain what happened.
General William Tecumseh Sherman:
A soldier, an educator, an author, and a general in the Union army. He captured Atlanta in September 1864(right in time for Lincoln's election in November of the same month) and buried the city in November of that year. A few weeks later, he emerged at Savannah on the sea. He was a pioneer practitioner of war- ruling as he let Confederate deserations increase, just to name a few of the brutalness he brought to the Confederaticans. He did create the slogan, "Sherman the Brute" that brought brutalness while damming the Confederatican's rain from coming down with victory from the war all across the South.
"My paramount objective on this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery." -
Abraham Lincoln, 1862
At first, strong opposition started to encounter him by hostile factions averments him with agitation that in favor of his striking nemesis lacked force, compromise's power was always ready for him, but in extreme numbers, and earthy, hasty jokes pushed out sensitivity to a lot of people, but especially for those many sensitive souls. One journal called him, "Prince of Jesters", but Lincoln's jettison was halted as the Union party nominated him without any defiance.
Abraham Lincoln:
1.Nearly 21 million people lived in 23 Northern States,while the South had 9 million people-3.5 being slaves in 11 Confederate States 2.North-major industrial producer, produced 97% of the U.S's firearms, 96% of its railroad locomotives,94% of cloth,93% of pig iron, and over 90% of the country's boots and shoes. 3.Twice the density of railroads per square mile Diverse economy-could make guns, produce food, as well as many other top industries Larger population during Civil War- more supplies, more nurses, more resources, less people in the North had to work in the war and still more while the South had to draft more people and still had a lesser amount of people in the army
Advantages for North/Union
1.South had an army almost equal to the number of people living in North starting in the first year of the war 2.Were able to keep guns firing by melting down bells from churches and town squares for ammo 3.Large number of trained officers, 7 out of the 8 military colleges were in the South alone
Advantages for South/Confedearcy
-Weapon technology was improved, Rev war:stand gun up, pour gunpower down the barrel, patch with mini ball, use a rammod to tighten the seal, push gunpower down and patch with mini ball,but more gunpowder in the pen,12- step process takes 2 shots in 1 minute, they shot with their face away from the battle during Rev War, shot with the face towards the battle during Civil War -Tactics didn't change from the Rev War to Civil War, but weapon technology improved, -A lot of deaths from both sides in America: Confederate side had a lot & Union side had a lot- so that adds up to 620,000 alone during the civil war -Medicine didn't improve at first,but improved towards the end if a arm or leg needed to be amputated, they would use a bone saw and they would use the same saw on everyone
American Civil War so deadly
Steps: 1. Lincoln immediately ordered a Naval Blockade around the South after Bull Run,2. Control a major port on the Mississippi River so major food-producing states could be part of the Union, instead of Confederacy, 3.Capture Richmond, Virginia,Capital of the world,4. Lead an army to the southeast region of the Confederacy, So the country could be split half and merge the Union back together-
Anaconda Plan Steps
September 17,1862-
Battle of Antietam
Union: Led by General Ambrose Burnside, Union army ordered to attack and conquer Confederate army and march to Richmond, VA before winter set in Confederacy: General Lee and his outnumbered army chooses Fredericksburg to defend army, citing high ground and terrain
Battle of Fredicksburg Objectives
What was the state of the Confederate army by February 1865?-
By February 1865, they were in brutal disgust because of defeat's brutal fun as they tried to negotiate peace between "the two Americas in one broken US." Despite Lincoln meeting with Confederatican representatives, Lincoln wanted nothing less than emancipation and the Union. The Union and Confederaticans had meetings on the boats in the Atlantic Ocean, while Abraham Lincoln never showed his presence during these meetings. The South wanted nothing less than independence's respect, so they continued to argue through smoke and agony until a climax was met. The Slave-Institutioners army was brutally divided and apart.
George McClellan
Candidate for Peace Democracts
Siege
Completely surrounded an area to force the other side to surrender with blockades, exploded mines
Give three ways that the Union helped to pay and finance the war effort
Congress passed the Morrill Tariff Act, superseding the low Tariff Act of 1857 The Washington Treasury issued green backed paper money, totaling nearly $450 million, at face value Congress founded a National Bank System, to establish a standard bank-note currency
Republican Party was concerned about defeat, so they joined with War Democrats. However, it shrank the existence of the Republican party just during this time.
Creation of the Union Party:
Results of the Election:
During election time, many Northern soldiers were laid off from war so they could support "Defiant- tyrant Lincoln" at the polls. While one Pennsylvania veteran voted forty-nine times- one for him, while the rest were for each absent member of his company, other Northern soldiers were permitted to cast their ballots at the front. When the votes were counted, Lincoln augmented by the "bayonet referendum" annihilated McClellan by 212 electoral votes to 21, losing only Kentucky, Delaware, and New Jersey. However, during this time, there was a defeat of the Northern Democrats. Lincoln's removal sparked hope's crucial power to rein again in the Confederate army, which the Southern soldiers would eagerly wish-shout, " "Hurrah for McClellan." Since Lincoln prevailed, abandonment's disbelief increased in the sinking Southern pool that brought harsh power to be "present all the time".
The________________________ of 1863 stated "forever free" were the slaves in those Confederate states still in rebellion on January, 1,1863. Bondsmen in the loyal Border states and specific conquer areas in the South stayed the same as slavery was still allowed in those areas. However, it didn't stop the obstructions of a single slave. Yet, Lincoln could free slaves in the Border States,but not in the Confederate states,despite tries. With the ________________________ , Lincoln chose to not free slaves where he could,but rather where he could not, therefore,creating a stronger stance on ________________________ . It DID NOT FREE SLAVES!
Emancipation Proclamation
General George McClellan:
Embattled Democrats from both sides nominated General McClellan as a way for the Copperheads to force into the Democratic platform that prosecution was a tragedy for the war. They also sang, "Mac Will Win the Union Back" after they were annoyed at Lincoln for removing him, and they were going to remove Lincoln from office.
Where and when did the surrender of the Confederate Army take place?-
In April 9,1865,they were able to bring war's evil wins thanks to Union soldiers surrounding Lee at Appomattox Courthouse in Appomattox,Virginia and conquering Richmond.
Legally achieved what was already foreshadowed: men slavery's tragedy ended- by individual states and ratification of the Thirteen Amendment in 1865, eight months after Civil War ended Lincoln took steps to allow blacks into the war while the War Department refused volunteers By war's end, about 180,000 blacks served in the Union army, most being from slaves states while accounting for 10 percent of the total enlistments in the Union forces on land and sea Had black man fighting for free citizenship and no slavery Service in about five hundred engagements gave them twenty- two Congressional Medals of Honor, however they had more than thirty-eight thousand casualties,Many black army men were captured as slaves and then were killed -Several black soldiers were massacred after surrendering Fort Pillow, Tennessee,Confederacy couldn't enlist blacks(slaves) into its army because of pride, prejudice, and principal until it was too late,Tens of thousands were forced into labor battalions, the building of fortifications, the supplying of armies, and amplifying other positive- war efforts Slavery hammered war efforts of the south: "home guards" kept many eligible men from fighting, resistance's binding hate continued with slowdowns, strikes, and open defiances, diminishing productivity and undermined discipline,Slaves in Union army got to be spies, guides, scouts or provided shelter to Northern escapers,Half a million slaves were in war's adventure, while many that remained in South negotiated new working conditions on factories and farms,When the Confederate comes back from war, they will be in a "free-slavery" country.,Lincoln first fought the war to preserve the union, but towards the end of the war, it was slavery
Long term effects of Emancipation Proclomation
December 13, 1862- One day battle of Gettysburg, while Burnside continuously caved into Confederate gunfire Union suffered 13,000 casualties as opposed to 5,000
Major events/ Winner
One early success for Union in Feb. of 1862 Confederate won a battle on April 6-7 1862 over Tennessee border of Corinth Demands were given for Lincoln to remove "Unconditional Surrender" Union won again in spring of 1862 Started in summer of 1862, but Grant's embattling actions happen in the spring of 1863 Surrounded Vicksburg with soldiers May 19, 1863- First assault, losing men along the men(1,000 of Grant's men were killed or wounded May 12,1863-Second assault, no choice but to June 25,1863-Battle at Louisiana reign Spring of 1863 Completely surround the Confederate army, exploded mines, and town of Vicksburg is surrounded by Union troops too It took 47 days,Exploded mines July 4, 1863: Conferaticate-institutioners surrendered Vicksburg, Mississippi, so Union was glorious 30,000 soldiers from Confederate army surrendered to the Union army Five days later: fall of Port Hudson -Winner: Union, thanks to General Grant -Cut Mississippi River off from the Confederate and put it back in the Union
Major events/ Winner
April 1863,⅔ of 115,000 Hooker's troops marched into Confederatican-Insitutioners,J.E.B Stuart discovered plan in Chancellorsville into "free northern's adventure", and decided to outflank the Union on May 1, 1863,Stonewall Jackson actually attacked lowest Hooker's troops on the right side Hooker was caught by surprise, Darkness took over, preventing the Union army from being crushed, The Confederaticans won AGAIN,Confederate Casualties(out of 60,000)in a three-day battle:13,303 casualties, Union Casualties(out of 133,00) in a three-day battle:17,197 casualties
Major events/winner
Earlier to battle, South won Second Battle of Bull Run(August 29-30,1862),Despite early predictions of winning, the Union take over and win war thanks to Lee's battle plans found by two unions soldiers,When Confederate soldiers came to town the of Shaperburg, Maryland, the Union army along with 75,000 troops stopped the Confederate from winning a war on northern soil-
Major events/winner
First win- capture Yorktown with a month in 1862, Confederacy began to everything in their power to stop the Union- chased around McClellan's army by "Jeb" Stuart, the General E. Lee launched a devastating counterattack- the Seven Days' Battles, causing the Union forces to abandon the Peninsula Campaign,Half-day march to Richmond: were not successful because of Robert. E. Lee barricaded, the city, McClellan and Lincoln got into a fight, but McClellan and the union were unsuccessful-
Major events/winner
How many troops did each side have during this battle?Union:92,000,Confederate:76,000,What was different about this battle for the Confederacy than previous battles with the Union army? Lincoln barricaded the "slavery-insitutioners" from passing northern ground,not the Union What was Pickett's Charge? Pickett's Charge was the northernmost point reached by any significant Southern force and winning's final real opportunity for the Confederates Winner: Neither side won, even though the Confederate was defeated by the Union, but Lincoln barricaded the Confederate soldiers(slavery- institutioners) from going on to Northern soil Meade v. Lee Day 1: Confederacy invaded Gettysburg attacked by Union. Thousands of soldiers on both sides flew to the area. Confederacy took the town, but the Union HELD Cemetery Ridge. Confed. pushed Union farther. Day 2: On July 2, Lee planned to take the flanks/ends of Union line at the same time; if one end caves, Union has to fall back. It was CLOSE, but Union held the high ground for another day. Union, therefore, wins the battle despite heavy fighting. Against unsure odds, Confederaticans were defeated against the Union on the second day.,Day 3-General Lee makes 15,000 men to cross 1 mile open to attack the center of Union line, but it was unsuccessful. Fired every artillery gun for 2 hours, noise was heard through Pittsburgh. Lee thought the center of Union line was weak, but it was the strongest (stationed by men who didn't fight yet). Out of 15,000 men,80% mortality rate as 12,000 men were killed, captured, or wounded. Pickett's charge failed miserably; Union's artillery guns had success in defeating the Conferatican- institutioners, used to make the Union have war's win.
Major events/winner
little "Yankee cheesebox on a raft" continuously fought for four hours the rasping Merrimack until it was nothing. Before that day, in about one hundred days, a union ironclad by the name of Monitor arrived on the scene. Before the war, Britain and France had already built several powerful ironclads, but the first "war-test" for it to "pass" augeried for the failure of wooden, splinter-shattering warships. However, this battle was bad for the Confederacy as towards the early part of the war, the Northern navy used Yankee captains to seize British freighters on the high seas hampered with war supplies for the tiny port of Nassau and other halfway stations. This might of sparked the Confederacy, however, to have Southerners recondition a rusty, wooden U.S warship called the Monitor and kept the ship the same except for adding old iron railroad rails to its sides and changing the name to Virginia. With this rusty, U.S monster, the South was able to destroy two of the Union's ships, with ease, while also bringing a threat to the entire Yankee blockading fleet as well. After this incident, the North created an ironclad called the Monitor in about one hundred days and the North ended up winning the battle. A few months later, after the historic battle, the Confederacy destroyed their Merrick ship over concerns that the North was going to get them(belief in their army was not strong during this time). Additionally, the Confederacy didn't have the factories and foreign support necessary for them to win the battle. With the Merrick ship, the ship was made of iron and had canons, and the shots from the Union ships would bounce off the South ships, while the South and Union shots won destroy the wooden ship. However, at a few hours at sea, the Union had their own iron cannon warship, called the U.S Monitor, and along with the Merrick, they fired at each other for three hours. The Union was better at making iron warships, as they could reproduce it faster than the South. The Monitor was smaller and sleeker, and had a 360 cannon, while the Merrick was bigger and had eight stationary cannons into the ship. The Confederacy destroyed it a few months later over concerns that they were going to lose when they attacked when they went to war on the sea with the Union. -
March 9,1862
Confederacy: Wanted to invade the Union and win a Northern war, crushing them down until they were small pieces of a puzzle never to be completed again, want to convince the Marylanders in the border state of Maryland to be Slavery-Conferactcans, by singing a siren song, wanted to impress foreign countries,Union: Win over Lee's army with found battle plans wrapped around a packet of three cigars dropped by a careless Confederate officer-
Objectives
Union: After seizing New Orleans with Northern army, David G., then seize Vicksburg, Mississippi, and take Mississippi River, working North Confederacy: Stop the Union from getting their vitally needed cattle and other provisions from Louisiana(sugar and molasses and other things), Arkansas (wheat), and Texas (meat), basically defeat Union army
Objectives
Union: Army was controlled by Geroge McClellan, a perfectionist, catitonous that wanted to capture the Peninsula of Virginia and march up to attack Richmond by sea, Confederacy:led by "Jeb" Stuart's Confederate, stop Richmond by sea-
Objectives
Union: General Joseph Hooker appears to want to attack Lee at Fredericksburg again, but instead decides to "sneak" 70,000 men around Confederate position to attack from behind Confederacy: General Lee sees Hookers movement, splits army in a daring move(3 different groups in fact), and surprise attacks Union army at Chancellorsville to ambush the Union army
Objectives
Union:"Fighting Joe" Hooker, was fired, so Geroge G. Meade had to fight with the Union army three days before the battle, find out about the Confederaticans plan and stop them Confederacy: Try to invade the North again through Pennsylvania, is in central Pennsylvania by 1863, then win the Gettysburg battle, happy, feels unstoppable on winning the war against the Union after Chancellorsville and Fredericksburg, he needed food and supplies for his army because of the farmland in Pennsylvania and hoped that a Confederate victory up north would allow for settling's demanding power for the North, wanted to end the war, make Union stop fighting
Objectives
5,000 casualties -KIA-Killed in Action,-Wounded,-MIA- Missing in Action,-Captured-POW-
One day of fighting
Ford's Theatre, April 14, 1865-
Only five days after Lee's surrender, John Wikes Booth made the Washington theater have its most momentous dramatic opportunity as he shot Lincoln in the head. It also set the stage for the gut-wrenching, troubled agony of the Reconstruction.
Earn profits despite the risks that came with it, especially for the concerning positive demand of Southern goods drove prices high.-
Point of Naval Blockade
"Blue Bellies'', sixty thousand men, that brought destruction's profitable power to ____________ by burning every part of the buildings except for blacked chimneys, tore up railroad into heat's friend by making them red-hot while twisted it into "iron doughnuts" and "Sherman's hairpins". They also bayoneted family portraits and ran off with survival's life- valuable souvenirs all because they want to destroy supplies based for the Confederaticans, while breaking war onto their doorsteps, just waiting to decrease the morale that the Confederaticans had in winning the war.
Sherman's "March to the Sea" (Savannah, Georgia)
Almost nothing: slaves in rebellious states were only free, any African-American that wants to fight in the war now can 180,000 African Americans were in the United States army by war's end, African Americans could: be cooks, stewards, firemen, and working in field hospitals, just to name a few,Thousands of jubilant slaves, discovering of the proclamation, flocked down to Union armies, knocking down the planation's workload,One in seven Southern slaves ran away to Union camps- therefore along with their perseverance against all barriers that were presented at them, showed Northern soldiers of evil's harshness to push emancipation towards the top of Lincoln's agenda,After issuing Proclamation,it addressed the refugee's plight and strengthened the moral cause of the Union at home and aboard, while foreshadowing slavery's end,Changed nature of war: effectively removed any chance of a negotiated settlement, war would be a "game" that both sides could take a chance at winning,Did spark different opinions, antislavery editor Hoarce Greeley in New York Tribune said, "God Bless Abraham Lincoln", while some complained Lincoln hadn't done enough, Northerners said that he went too far,especially in the "Butternut" regions of the Old Northwest and the Border States,Sparked a supporting an "abolition war", ex- president Pierce and others felt that emancipation should not be put on the states,Caused an outcry to rise from the South that "Lincoln the fiend" raised up "hellish passions" in the South of a slave insurrection, Caused Aristocrats of Europe to sympathize with Southern protests,Old World working classes
Short term effects of Emancipation Proclomation
After money, thousands of soldiers, and trials, the Union were not successful at capture the Peninsula of Virginia, Proved to the North, that just because you think you're first idea is right about the war, it doesn't mean that another enemy will come and attack you and change your win status
Siginficance/Impacts
Huge win for Confederate, crushing the Union Burnside quit as Union's defeat continue to cave into reality Union: 13,000 casualties while Confederate had: 5,000
Siginfinace/Impacts
Failure was arising for the Southern cause,Fought for nearly two years longer No one side was a winner, only Lincoln was Lincoln read a two minute- address journeying through the Gettysburg's graveyard in dreary autumn of November 19, 1863, following a two-hour speech given by a former president of Harvard(not a featured guest), known as Gettysburg Address-3-minute speech that expressed grief for war's extremely taxing costs and reasons for renewed efforts to preserve the Union Gettysburg: bloodiest battle of civil war Union: 23,000 casualties Confederates: 28,000 casualties, wounded, killed, captured at Gettysburg A third of Lee's army was lost, never returned to its original power,July 4, 1863- Lee retreated and returned to Virginia 58,000 soldiers were lost in a matter of 4 days 30,000 soldiers surrounded on July 4, 1863, to Union army Most bodies(Soldiers) were thrown in mass graves and families never get to see them again, often buried and stacked up Union graves, each soldier got their grave, each person got a piece of land, with Vicksburg and cemetery was dedicated to that particular battle Messages of Gettysburg address: we need to make the people that fought and died during the Civil War didn't die in vain, we need to win this war and be part of war's end because freedom's respect will be granted to all people, black and white men, and we, as a country we need democracy, and the rest of the world wants democracy to fail, but democracy's equal power to arise
Siginifance/Impacts
Fredsicksburg and Chancellorsville brought the war's win down for the Union, losing took over during these battles
Signifiance/Impacts
Jefferson Davis was never again near victory in later battles,Bloodiest day of the civil war,Paris and London battled with each other, but cool down their fire when the Union surprised them with power at war,Both sides: neither winners, because McClellan was fired by Lincoln,Combined casualties in one day-25,000,7,000 killed in one day alone-
Significance/Impacts
Won battle right after the Confederaticans won battle of Gettysburg Helped to quell Northern peace agitation in the "Butternut" area of the Ohio River Valley Twin victories pushed the winner's line over to the north Britain stopped delivery of Laird rams to Confederates and France prevented a deal for the sale of six naval vessels to the Richmond government; hopes for win in South deplenished as war continued Cut food-producing states from the Confederate army and put them back into the Union Took Grant 1 year to complete this siege July 4, 1863- turning point of the war: Lee's troops were met with war's end as their strength decrease from pre-Gettysburg, but now Vicksburg is part of Union ground(hands)
Significance/Impacts
July 21,1861-
The First Battle of Bull Run
Spring, 1862,-surrounded by three pieces of water-
The Peninsula Campaign,peninsula
The day prior,Beauregard demanded that Anderson should surrender the fort, but was denied again by Anderson. So,in the morning,shortly after 4:30 A.M., Beauregard opened fire. A few hours later,U.S captain Abner Doubleday ordered the first shots in defense of the fort a few hours later. As the day continue on and moved into April 13,Beauregard's 19 coastal batteries unleashed a punishing barrage on Fort Sumter, firing about 3,000 shots in the course of 34 hours.On the Saturday, April 13,there was fires inside the post thanks to cannon fire blasting through the fortress's five-foot-thick brick walls.After 2 p.m, Anderson had to surrender because of a diminished gun ammo. During this event, one person was killed, but 2 days later,there was an explosion during an artillery salute represented in front of the U.S evacuation.-
The events of April 12, 1861.
When Lincoln's assassination started to be accepted by more Southerners towards the later days of his death,because of his kindliness and moderation that would have been "powerfully- helpful weapons". It would be in between poisonous treatment by the victors and the South's quiet problems ignored by the North's winning consequences.-
Why would many southerners come to regret Lincoln's assassination?
Snake, to suffocate the Confederacy, done by the Union army-
objective of Anaconda Plan
Union: "On to Richmond" Take small army, take over Manassas Junction, Virginia (railroad town) then march to Richmond and end the war Confederacy: Stop the Union army from taking Manassas Junction, VA-
objectives
South just fired the shots, they wanted the South to be the bad guy.The United States is now the victim in the war, and Lincoln has to prepare for the war.Additionally, this event started the civil war. When Lincoln called for the war to end, 4 more states decided to join the Confederacy states of America.-
Though the Union had to surrender Fort Sumter, why would many in the North consider this event a long term victory?
Southern Reaction to Assassination:
Towards the beginning days of finding out about his death, non-Confederaticans(they were part of a full country, now), some Southern civilians, and Northern Copperheads cheered because Lincoln's grinding war ceased.
-Proper government from before, unlike the Confederacy who just created the government, unified government from start of civil war, unlike the Confederacy had a good start in the beginning, but lost support towards the end -Lincoln raised taxes, took loans out of European countries, made monarchy system called paper-currency(there were green, "green-backs") -Confederacy had paper-currency as well, it was called "blue-backs", caused inflation -Diversified government-thousands of people working for factory jobs, women working in factories, management and leadership roles -Greatest strength for North: diversified government, greatest weakest for South: poor government -Foreign countries DID NOT help the South over concerns of the Union winning
Union economically handled the Civil War
He had won the popular vote as he had profitable amount of popular vote(45%) while McClellan ``Little Mac" had 1,803,787 votes while Lincoln had 2,206,938 votes thanks to the Southerner's penetrating states of the Old Northwest(the non-Confederaticans) in New York and in the native home state of Pennsylvania. Battlefield success(Northern soldiers were laid off on war and got to vote "Defiant- tyrant Lincoln '' at the polls in Northern states and war is almost over because North was doing well in the battles leading up to the ballots) and they thought they could win the war. -
WHY DID LINCOLN WIN RE-ELECTION?
Northern economy and industrial sector was very prosperous. Northern manufacturers supplied shoes with cardboard soles and fast-disintegrating uniforms of reprocessed or "shoddy" wool rather than virgin wool. While the newly invented laborsaving machinery enabled the North to expand economically, even though the cream of its manpower was being drafted for the war, but a sewing machine fabricated uniforms and military footwear. However, due to marriage of military need and innovative machinery largely ended custom made clothing, but it create sizes for clothing in the civilian garment industry.Despite that, the discovery of petroleum gushers in 1859 in Pennsylvania,created a new industry, marrying "petroleum plutocracy" and "coal oil Johannies." It did push pioneers to push westward, totaling an estimated 300,000 people. Women were also popular in the North, as they had jobs, as 500 women clerks became "government girls'' in the Treasury department alone in Washington,D.C. In fighting the war,Dr.Elizabeth Blackwell, America's first female physician, helped to organize the U.S Sanitary Commission, which trained nurses, collected medical supplies, and equipped hospitals. This happened because of a bigger population. With a bigger population, more people were able to work in the economy and help in the industries, like gun- making, shoes and clothes(factories), just to name a few. When the war started and they needed to draft people for the army, they didn't have to draft as many people because of their bigger population.In essence, just like in a country that has a lot of people that work, the more work and money is able to get done with less workers. Besides the ability to have less people work,they had the industry and the factories that had the workers, supplies,and resources to make goods and ammo that the South couldn't.
What happened to the Northern economy and industrial sector during the Civil War? Why did this happen?
Lee and along with more than 100,000 union men, Grant fought a series of fierce frays in Vicksburg toward Richmond during May and June of 1864. On June 3, 1864, Grant had his eyes on the unconquerable Southern soil of Cold Harbor. Grant's motto was "when in doubt, fight" in leading the Union troops. Grant wanted at the Wilderness Campaign to be able to get Virginia while attacking Lee's troops simultaneously with constant cohesive battling. During this battle, Union soldiers had papers pinned on their backs bearing their names and addresses, which could have caused seven thousand men to be killed or wounded in just a matter of a few minutes. Despite the South having a casualty rate of 1 casualty per 5 soldiers, Lee was able to turn the Eastern campaign into war's enfeeble pressure that was only supposed to happen in trenches. However, unlike previous battles at Chancellorsville or Gettysburg, he was unable to be the offense, but Grant became a brutal arithmetic general, delivering tactics only necessary to defeat the Confederaticans. This battle took all summer, all autumn, all winter, and a little bit of Spring, despite Grant's predictions that it would only take all summer because he was able to trade two men for one and still could defeat the army until the enemy was in separate pieces scattered all over.We didn't get Richmond before Lincoln's election. -
What was so staggering about the Wilderness Campaign, highlighted by the Battle of Cold Harbor?
Battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville
What were the lowest points of the war for the Union(North)?
May 1-3, 1863
When was the Battle of Chancellorsville fought?
July 1-3, 1863
When was the Battle of Gettysburg fought?
December 1862
When was the battle of Fredericksburg?
Spring/Summer 1863
When was the siege of Vicksburg?
John Wilkes Booth-
While Lincoln was sitting in his box at Ford's theatre, a fanatic Confederatican half-insane actor snuck behind Lincoln and shot him in the head.
Grant, strategy was to assail the enemy's army simultaneously, so they couldn't be allies of each other and they could be destroyed piece by piece till war's end came upon them(they wouldn't be able to win, therefore the Union would win)like smashing multiple times at a large piece of glass. -
Who was brought to the Eastern theatre of the war after Gettysburg and Vicksburg to lead the Union army? What became his strategy to win the war?
The union and Lincoln stationed someone so the Confederacy would come and attack/bomb them. Additionally,it was one of the last hurdles that the South had to face before they were able to achieve popular sovereignty.
Why was Fort Sumter considered to be an important/significant item of possession for both sides?
They think this because there were two victories right after another. The day after the Union won Gettysburg, they also won Vicksburg. Additionally, while the North was having belief in the army that they could win the rest of this war, the Confederaticans' hopes were deplenished with each battle they went into. Again, it was because the North had a diversified government. They were able to make their own guns, making clothing, while some women worked in factories and worked in leading government roles. Additionally, their technology was more modernized with warships that had one 360 degree rotating cannon, guns that had the "balls" rolling in a 360-degree fashion before shooting out and spinning, just to name a few. Unlike normal situations, the bigger the population(like the North had), the fewer people you have to send for war and the more people that could stay at home, working in the government. Sometimes having more of something might make you lose, but in this case, the Union was able to defy the rule with each battle they won against the South.
Why was Gettysburg and Vicksburg turning points of the war?
Capture of Atlanta, Georgia:
Win for the Union as General William Tecumseh Sherman helped to capture Atlanta in September 1864, making it become part of Union control. The city was burned, however, because he might have been mad that the North won or didn't want the respect that he deserved for winning the capture. It was the center for military operations and a supply route by the Confederate army.
1.Over 600,000 men died in action or of disease while over a million soldiers were killed or wounded. Because this happened, the country's hope for young manhood and young crucial orchestration(the glue that will hold the country together for years and decades to come) was lost. 2.During this time, because men weren't home due to being at war's forefront, tens of thousands of babies were unborn.3. Direct monetary costs of the politics hurricane costs about 15 billion because of contributing expenses such as pensions and interests.4. American democracy was tested(the Republic's hurricane). When Lincoln at Gettysburg, sparked an idea that a nation should be dedicated to such principles "'that can endure.'"After the war, the North was finally greeted with their beliefs in the U. S's new reality because they won the war.5. Since the Union won, inspiration sparked the champions of democracy and liberalism all over the world. Two years after the Civil war ended, Britain was no longer in a "politics hurricane" as they were becoming a true democracy thanks to the fantastic English Reform Bill of 1867. 6. Slavery ended, but few Americans still to this day believe in helped in the wrong way. African-Americans were in a position that they could claim independence's love with rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, but the nation was in yet another "politics hurricane". Because the Union had won, there were concerns over the "peculiar institution", slave's power revenge being instituted on weak Caribbean neighbors, and the transformation of the area from Panama to Hudson Bay into an armed camp with severely heavily armed and hostile states constantly playing with matches of the fire, heavily debating with fights, going back and forth.Greatest constitutional decisions was written in blood and handed done at Appomattox courthouse(Lincoln Gettysburg's address stood the time's independence)-
Write down FIVE specific Impacts of the Civil War
Early successes for Union led by General Irving McDowell on July 26 ,Confederacy held strong lines outside town; Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson and his men became heroes Union troops unprepared and retreated from area, signaling loss-
major events/winner
NOT a decisive victory, but a SIGNIFICANT psychological one:Battle showed the Union that they were not ready to fight Never underestimate the power of Confederate army and the battle was going to last more than 90 days,Battle led to overconfidence for Southern military and country-
significance/ impacts
