Chapter 22 Review (1919-1928)

Despite the nation's general prosperity, the economic advances involved costs to organized labor.

True

Ford's automobile-manufacturing plants used conveyor belts to bring the work to the men.

True

Fundamentalists rejected ideas that questioned the historical truth of the Bible.

True

One thing that helped stimulate the American economy and Americans' buying power during the 1920s was installment purchasing.

True

The "New Negro" symbolized a more energetic NAACP, which fought harder for African American civil rights.

True

The Democratic Party during the 1920s was seen as outdated and out of step with the modern American.

True

The parade of scandals during Harding's administration did not hurt the Republican Party or Harding's successor, Calvin Coolidge.

True

The peace following World War I was not good for American farmers.

True

The term "Lost Generation" was coined by Gertrude Stein to refer to the American intellectuals who flocked to Paris in the years after the Great War.

True

__________ was a Republican elected to the presidency in 1920. He used modern advertising and a "return to normalcy." His administration was plagued by revelations of fraud and corruption.

Warren G. Harding

In the election of 1920, the Republican presidential candidate was ________ and the Democratic candidate was _________.

Warren G. Harding; James M. Cox.

The leadership of the American Federation of Labor was primarily interested in organizing what kind of workers?

White males in the skilled crafts..

The rapid rise of suburbs such in Detroit and Los Angeles demonstrated:

the transformation of farms into suburbs..

The "New Negro"

was a term used to reflect a sense of freedom felt by African Americans who abandoned poor farms in the rural South..

Feminism

An ideology insisting on the fundamental equality of women and men. The feminists of the 1960s differed over how to achieve that equality: while liberal feminists mostly demanded equal rights for women in the workplace and in politics, radical feminists more thoroughly condemned the capitalist system and male oppression and demanded equality in both private and public life

Consumerism

An ideology that defined the purchase of goods and services as both an expression of individual identity and essential to the national economy. Increasingly powerful by the 1920s and dominant by the 1950s, consumerism urged people to find happiness in the pursuit of leisure and pleasure more than in the work ethic.

All of the following refer to agriculture in the 1920s except:

As farm prices rose toward the end of the decade, farmers achieved the long-sought level of parity..

__________ was a partner in a large advertising agency in New York City. In 1925, in the book The Man Nobody Knows, the author portrayed Jesus Christ as a great advertiser, who had turned his disciples into a sales force "that conquered the world" with the new product, Christianity.

Bruce Barton

__________ was a governor of Massachusetts and vice president for Warren G. Harding from 1920 to 1923, when he assumed the presidency upon Harding's death. He helped restore confidence in the presidency after the scandals of the Harding administration.

Calvin Coolidge

By and large, the 1920s was a prosperous period for most Americans.

False

Despite the increase in the number of automobiles after 1921, textiles and railroads continued to dominate the national economy during the following decade.

False

Marcus Garvey's leadership led to a tripling of members in the NAACP during the 1920s.

False

President Coolidge signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact in an attempt to halt labor violence in Battle Creek, Michigan.

False

The Washington Naval Conference was an arms control agreement that could not be verified and was therefore disbanded after three years.

False

The revised Klan of the 1920s still held African Americans as its principal target.

False

The switch to coal-based energy was important to American manufacturing.

False

__________ was the system of mass production introduced by Henry Ford in the 1910s.

Fordism

__________ was a movement that urged people to return to biblical, patriarchal, and denominational authority—to what came to be called "old-time" religion. Its followers rejected liberalism above all for its willingness to question the historical truth of the Bible.

Fundamentalism

The first air flight in 1903

Happened in North Carolina.

What is the correct order of presidential succession?

Harding, Coolidge, Hoover.

__________ was an innovator and inventor best known for introducing the assembly line to his auto plants, which greatly increased productivity.

Henry Ford

__________ was President of the United States from 1928 to 1932; he had been the secretary of commerce in both the Harding and Coolidge administrations. He promoted cautious foreign and domestic policies, including a hands-off approach to regulating business.

Herbert Hoover

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes consumer spending during the 1920s?

Installment buying encouraged consumers..

All of the following refer to the fundamentalism of the 1920s except:

It was concentrated in the conservative wing of the Republican Party..

__________ was a high school biology teacher who violated a Tennessee state law banning the teaching of evolution. His trial became a national media event.

John Scopes

__________ was a Jamaican immigrant to New York City who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, which became the largest African American activist organization of the 1920s. He focused on African American pride and self-help and on Africa.

Marcus Garvey

__________ was an early and well-known promoter of sex education and contraceptives, which were largely illegal, in the 1910s. She coined the term "birth control."

Margaret Sanger

__________ was the term used by Republicans to describe their programs for the 1920s. In fact, the Republican resurgence of the 1920s mostly meant the return of an older vision centered on minimalist government, individualism, and a less internationalist foreign policy.

New Era

__________ was the term meant to reflect a fresh sense of freedom as African Americans left the southern countryside for cities. It was also the product of frustration as African Americans encountered inequality along with opportunity in urban areas and was militant and assertive in the face of mistreatment by whites.

New Negro

Charles Augustus Lindbergh flew nonstop in 1927 from

New York to Paris..

The state known as the "First in Flight" is

North Carolina..

All of the following refer to the state of the economy in the 1920s except:

Organized labor achieved major gains in the period just after the Great War.

In the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan appeared politically strong in all of the following states except

Pennsylvania..

By the 1920s, Americans' sexual attitudes and behavior were changing because

People openly discussed sex and placed a new emphasis on the importance of sexual satisfaction..

Associationalism

President Herbert Hoover's preferred method of responding to the Depression. Rather than have the government directly involve itself in the economy, Hoover hoped to use the government to encourage associations of businessmen to cooperate voluntarily to meet the crisis.

All of the following refer to Mary Pickford except:

She never married.

__________ was independent, assertive, and claimed the right to attend school, vote, and have a career. She was a sexual being, an object of male desire. She was also a fun-loving individual with desires of her own.

The "New Woman"

Which of these is paired incorrectly?

The Roxy/New York City "jazz palace.".

All of the following refer to consumerism in the 1920s except:

The traditional work ethic was widely regarded as the key to personal happiness..

A resurgent nativist movement that opposed increased immigration paralleled the growth of fundamentalism.

True

American farmers did not enjoy the economic prosperity of the 1920s.

True

American workers enjoyed higher wages and an increase in leisure time.

True

Businessmen during the 1920s made use of new technologies and other advancements to increase productivity.

True

The Harlem Renaissance was

led by a creative group of young writers and artists who broke with the older, genteel traditions of black literature to reclaim a cultural identity with African roots..

Throughout the 1920s, American agriculture

never recovered from the depression of 1921..

The rejuvenated Ku Klux Klan of the 1920s

targeted Catholic and Jewish immigrants as well as African Americans and Prohibition violators..

The innovation of Henry Ford lay in his emphasis on

the efficiency of the assembly line..

The Kellogg-Briand Pact sought to outlaw

war as an instrument of national policy..

Despite the illusion of prosperity, the 1920s

was a period of poverty for six out of ten Americans..