Chapter 23 AP World History

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On his circumnavigation of the world, Ferdinand Magellan died in

The Philippine Islands

The volta do mar

"Return through the sea" A technique that took mariners well out of their way to avoid opposing currents. Much safer, more reliable, and faster.

Russian territorial expansion into Northern Eurasia began in

1581

Hormuz, Gao, and Melaka were all seized in the early 1500s by

Afonso d'Aborqueque

By 1750, all parts of the world participated in a global trade network in which European's played dominant roles except:

Australia

The first European to sail around the Cape of Good Hope was

Bartolemeu Dias

In their attempt to control the spice trade in the Indian Ocean, the Europeans during the period between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries

Built trading posts along the Indian Ocean basin and channeled/taxed trade

The explorer who led three expeditions into the Pacific in the 18th century was

Captain James cook

Which of the following were both Chinese inventions?

Compass and sternpost rudder

The Portuguese dominance of trade was dependent on their ability to

Control Indian Ocean trade by forcing all merchant ships to purchase safe-conduct passes and present them at Portuguese trading posts

When Columbus reached this area, he sent delegates to seek the court of the emperor of China

Cuba

Which of the following was not a reason for the European interest in finding a maritime trade route?

Direct trade routes to Asia, trade goods like spices, gold,ivory, slaves, etc., finding a way to avoid the Muslims in trade

The country that finished the Seven Years' War with global hegemony was

England

Most of the actual exploration of the Pacific Ocean was carried out by the

English

From 1500 to 1800 the largest contingent of migrants consisted of

Enslaved Africans transported involuntarily to South America, North America, and the Caribbean

The first circumnavigation of the world was completed in 1522 by

Ferdinand Magellan

Russian merchants and explorers began the expansion into Siberia in the quest for

Fur

On 12 October 1492, Columbus made landfall on an Island called

Guanahani. Renamed it San Salvador/Watling Island

The English explorer James Cook died in a fight in

Hawaii

The astrolabe was designed to measure

Latitude

In the long term, the Columbian exchange

Led to the global diffusion of plants, food crops, animals, human populations, and disease pathogens. Also led to the wiping out of some areas but caused growth as wel

The center of the Spanish commercial activity in Asia was

Manila

Under Spanish rule of the Philippines, the native population

Massacred Chinese merchants by the thousands in at least six major eruptions of violence

During the early modern era, which of the following non-European peoples explored the Indian Ocean?

Ming emperors of China and Ottoman mariners

The Portuguese lost control of the port of Melaka in 1641 when it fell to the

Netherlands

The profitable merchandise that Vasco da Gama purchased in India was made up of

Pepper and Cinnamon

In the end, Portugal was unable to maintain its early domination of trade because

Portuguese forces didn't have enough vessels to enforce their power

Which of the following men conquered the Moroccan port of Ceuta and sponsored a series of voyages down the west African coast?

Prince Henry of Portugal

The Philippines fell to

Spanish

The Portuguese viewed the Atlantic Islands as the perfect location for the cultivation of

Sugarcane

The reconquista came to an end when

The Muslim kingdom of Granada fell to Spanish Christian forces

THe most prosperous country in Europe in the seventeenth century was

The Netherlands

Christopher Columbus's decision to sail west to reach Asia was based on

The wide reading of literature on geography that suggested that sailing west from Europe to Asian markets would be profitable

the VOC was the

United East India Company, controlled by Dutch

The first European to sight the Pacific Ocean was

Vasco Nunez, a Spanish military commander

The Portuguese mariner who sailed to Calicut in 1498 was

Vasco da gama

Lateen sails had the advantage of

being triangular, maneuverable, and able to catch winds from the side as well as from behind

Jan Pieterszoon Coen was responsible for

founding Batavia on the island of Java to serve as an entrepot for the VOC, wanted to monopolize spice production and trade, thus enabling Dutch merchants to reap enormous profits in European markets

The first European nation to dominate trade with Asia was

portugal

The Dutch policy in Indonesia was

suppression. coen brought his naval power and then forced them to deliver spices only to VOC merchants

Which of the following was not a Portuguese trading post?

was: Sao Jorge da mina, Hormuz, Gao, Calicut, Macau, Melaka, ternate

Wind wheels

were present in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. wind blew from different directions depending on latitude

Which of the following was not one of the main inspirations for European exploration?

were: exploitations of fresh lands and resources, establishing maritime trade routes to the markets of Asia, and expanding the boundaries of Christianity

Which of the following was not an advantage that the English and Dutch had over the Portuguese?

were: sailed faster, cheaper, and more powerful ships conducted trade through joint stock companies

Which of these early explorers were not Portuguese?

were: vasco da gama, Bartolomeu Dias, and Ferdinand Magellan


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