Chapter 23 health
Infection
A condition that occurs when pathogens in the body multiply and damage body cells
Communicable Disease
A disease that is spread from one living organism to another through enviroment
Vaccine
A preparation of dead or weakened pathogens that are introduced into the body to stimulate an immune response
What happens in immune response?
Activates specific defense in an attempt to prevent the infection from occuring
What is a pathogen?
An organism that causes disease
What are substances that trigger an immune response
Antigens
Role of phagocytes
Attack invading pathogens
What habit will help you avoid respiratory infection?
Avoid contact with people who are infected, washing your hands, and keeping your hands away from eyes and nose
Immunity
Being protected against a particular disease
Process by which bacteria multiply themselves
Cell division
Name 2 respiratory infections that are caused by viruses
Cold, Flu, Pneumonia
Emerging infections
Communicable disease whose occurrences in humans has increased within the past two decades or threatens to increase in the near future
How is Hepatitis C spread?
Contaminated needles
What causes athletes foot?
Fungi
Pandemic
Global outbreak of an infectious disease
What is the most common blood borne infection in the US
Hepatitis C
What is the problem with overusing antibiotics?
It causes pathogens to mutate and become resistant to the antibiotic
What is the impact of travel on the spread of disease?
Mobility of people
Name examples of disease spread by vectors
Mosquitoes
Avian influenza
Occurs naturally amoung birds. Can be passed to humans through contact with infected birds or contaminated surfaces. No vaccine
Vector
Organism that carries and transmits pathogens to humans or other animals
Immune system remembers what?
Pathogens
Virus
Piece of genetic material surrouneded by a protein coat
Inflammatory response
Reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection
Bacteria
Single celled microorganism
Name physical barriers of pathogens
Skin and mucous membranes
Name some bacterial diseases that spread through the air and attacks lungs
Strep throat and chicken pox
Toxin
Substances that kill cells or interfere with their functions
What is a live virus, a killed virus, toxoid and a second generation vaccine?
Vaccination
What causes common cold and influenza?
Virus
Describe at least 3 strategies for reducing your risk of getting or spreading communicable disease
Washing hands, Handling food properly, Avoid sharing personal items
Jaundice?
Yellow of skin and eyes
Explain what happens in the body if the body cannot fight off an infection
disease developes
Antibody
protein that acts against a specific antigen
Lumphocyte
specialized white blood cell that coordinates and performs many functions of specific immunity
Phagocyte
white blood cells that attack invading pathogens
