Chapter 23 Study Guide

Coup d'etat

"Blow to the state"; a sudden seizure of political power in a nation. The directory is dissolved and a group of three consuls is established, Napoleon quickly takes the title of first consul and assumes power of a dictator

Napoleon's quest for global empire successes

-Napoleon establish a banking system so the third estate didn't get all the taxes -The Napoleonic code served as a template around the world -Made France the dominant power in Europe -Created lycees (school) for all males regardless of social class

Plebiscite

-let's the people decide whether or not to approve the new constitution -the people vote in favor and Napoleon is given more power

Goals Matternich

-wanted collective security and stability for entire continent -prevent future French aggression -restore balance of power -restore royal families to their thrones

Accomplishments of during Napoleon's rule

1. set up an efficient method of tax collection and established a national banking system. 2. dismissed corrupt officials and, in order to provide the government with trained officials, set up lycées, or government-run public schools. 3. Napoleon signed a concordat, or agreement, with Pope Pius VII. This established a new relationship between church and state. The government recognized the influence of the Church, but rejected Church control in national affairs. 4. Napoleonic Code. This gave the country a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices. Limited freedom of speech and press (civil rights)

5 "great powers"

1.Austrian Empire 2.United Kingdom 3.France 4.Prussia 5.Russia

Napoleon's Costly Mistakes

1.Blockade 2.Making brother king of Spain 3.Invasion of Russia

What are there four accomplishments of the UN?

1.No global wars since WW|| 2.Universal Declaration of Human Rights 3.WHO-health via vaccine 4.UNICEF-children

How many countries are on the Security Council?

15

When was the UN established?

1945

Holy Alliance

A league of European nations formed by the leaders of Russia, Austria, and Prussia after the congress of Vienna

Concordat

A peace agreement made between Napoleon and the Pope following the chaos of the French Revolution. Gained Napoleon the support of the organized Church as well as the majority of the French people.

Balance of Power

A political situation in which no one nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others

long term legacy

Britain, Prussia gain power; spreading nationalism leads to revolutions. Prevented war for 100 years

Who are the 5 permanent members of the Security Council?

China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States

short term legacy of congress of vienna

Conservatives regain control of the government, triggered revolts in the colonies. Sought to restore legitimate monarch to their thrones.

European governments goals after Napoleon

Establish long-lasting peace and stability on the continent after the defeat of Napoleon. They had a goal of the new European order—one of collective security and stability for the entire continent.

Congress of Vienna

Following Napoleon's exile, this meeting of European rulers in Austria established a system by which the balance of power would be maintained, liberal revolutions would be repressed, as would imperial expansion, and the creation of new countries in Europe. A series of meetings in 1814-1815, during which the European leaders sought to establish long-lasting peace and security after the defeat of Napoleon.

Battle of Austerlitz

Forced the rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia to sign peace treaties. These successes also enabled him to build the largest European empire since that of the Romans. France's only major enemy left undefeated was the great naval power, Britain. Demonstrated Napoleons skill as a military leader.

Kelmens von Metternich

Foreign minister of Austria and very influential at Congress of Vienna; did not believe in the democratic ideals of the Fench Revolution. He wanted to keep things as they already were (wanted no change in how things were run).

Lycees

Government run public schools. Napoleon created a school in which males of all the social classes could attend.

How was the UN seen as effective?

Hasn't been a world or nuclear war since the UN has started.

Impact of Nationalism

Many Europeans who had welcomed the ideas of the French Revolution nevertheless saw Napoleon and his armies as foreign oppressors. Napoleon started to put puppets in foreign countries which made them angry because they wanted their own people to rule not a Frenchmen.

Lessons learned form Napoleons rise and fall

Napoleon did a lot for Europe, many accomplishments. His own ego got in the way of the accomplishment he was implementing in some parts of friends. He overextended himself, not humble.

Significance of Napoleon's crowning as emperor.

Napoleon took the crown from the pope and placed it on his own head. With this gesture, Napoleon signaled that he was more powerful than the Church, which had traditionally crowned the rulers of France.

Battle of Trafalgar

Napoleon's only major battle that he lost (naval defeat); off the southwest coast of Spain; British commander Horatio Nelson beat the French navy. Unable to effectively invade Britain.

Continental System

Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Overthrew the French revolutionary government (The Directory) and became emperor of France. Failed to defeat Great Britain after many tries. Returned to power briefly but was defeated and died in exile.

Why was the UN criticized as being ineffective?

Primary purpose was to prevent war but it hasn't. We the US are angry because we are giving all the money to UN and it hasn't lived up to its promise

Concert of Europe

Series of alliances to help prevent revolution

In what ways in the UN an effective organization?

The UN was formed to create an atmosphere that would minimize war, promote human rights, and promote social and economic progress. Councils and agencies were established to help with these goals.

Scorched Earth Policy

The practice of burning crops and killing livestock during wartime so that the enemy cannot live off the land. Russia destroyed all of Napoleons lives stock and food

Napoleonic Code

This was the civil code put out by Napoleon that granted equality of all male citizens before the law and granted absolute security of wealth and private property. However, it actually limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights.

Legitimacy

agreeing that as many as possible of the rulers whom Napoleon had driven from their thrones be restored to power.

Napoleon's Exile

first time, Elba second time, St. Helena

Why was the United Nations formed?

to promote peace and security across the globe.