Chapter 24 Mastering

Which number represents the beginning of the respiratory zone?

5

Which number represents the cardiac notch?

9

Part B - The Mechanics of Breathing Identify the relationship of the volume of the thorax (and lungs) to the movement of air between the environment and the lungs.

As the thorax expands, its volume increases and air flows into the lungs.

During the first powerful breath of life, which of the following events occurs?

Blood is drawn into the lungs.

Part B From largest to smallest, which is the correct sequence?

Bronchi, tertiary bronchi, terminal bronchioles, and respiratory bronchioles

Part C Alveoli are surrounded by which of the following?

Capillaries

Part A - Respiratory Muscles What are the primary respiratory muscles that actively increase the volume of the thorax for inhalation?

Diaphragm and external intercostals

Part E Which of the following prevents liquids or solids from entering the larynx when swallowing?

Epiglottis

Part C Which of the following is not part of the separation between the nasal and oral cavities?

Ethmoid (The ethmoid bone does not form part of the palate. Remember that the two maxilla form the anterior hard palate that separates the anterior nasal and oral cavities.)

Part A Which of the following is found in the nasopharynx?

Opening for the auditory tube

Part D Which of the following is a passageway for both food and air?

Oropharynx

Part C - Quiet and Forced Breathing Which of the following sentences is an INCORRECT statement about quiet and forced breathing?

Quiet breathing requires mild muscle contractions during inhalation and exhalation.

Part C Which of the following bones does not contain a paranasal sinus?

Temporal

Part A Which of the following correctly describes the muscle surrounding the terminal bronchioles?

The autonomic nervous system regulates its activity.

Why are the lungs NOT perfectly bilateral?

The heart is found on the left side of the thorax, and thus the left lung must accommodate the presence of the heart.

Part B Which of the following correctly describes the lungs?

The right lung has three lobes.

If the rectus abdominis contracted to assist breathing, which of the following would occur?

The volume of the lungs would decrease, forcing air from the lungs.

A cross-section of the trachea reveals that C-shaped cartilage rings are present. What is the function of these rings?

These rings keep the respiratory passage open.

What purpose do the nasal conchae serve?

They create turbulence in the airflow, thus slowing it down

The right primary bronchus has a larger diameter than the left, and it descends toward the lung at a steeper angle.

True

If we were to examine cross-sections of the primary bronchi, then secondary, then tertiary, and finally the respiratory bronchioles, we would notice __________.

a decrease in the amount of hyaline cartilage

The unique C-shaped cartilage rings of the trachea __________.

allow the expansion of the esophagus into the posterior region of the trachea during deglutition

Gas exchange is performed in the respiratory portion of the respiratory tract. In which of the following does that event occur?

alveoli

In the respiratory membrane, __________.

carbon dioxide and oxygen gas diffuse in opposite directions

Part C As you descend from the trachea to the alveoli, the amount of cartilage surrounding the passageway

decreases.

For which of the following activities is the respiratory system NOT responsible?

delivering oxygen-rich blood to the peripheral tissues

Art-labeling Activity: Anatomy of the larynx, sagittal section

https://gyazo.com/00dd0f2dd946872b0616805ffcb15740

BioFlix Activity: Gas Exchange -- Path of Air

https://gyazo.com/09c7dd0b2c63e6f9fb22a8113916b7b9

Art-labeling Activity: Anatomy of the larynx, anterior view

https://gyazo.com/3464c57d60fdfea3b9ad3dc2cb186632

Art-labeling Activity: Superficial anatomy of the lungs, lateral surfaces

https://gyazo.com/92ecb6df04f1095c3ad3bd7c7e7642fc

Art-labeling Activity: Histology of the respiratory epithelium

https://gyazo.com/96a08f2a3b85ef3ab643a01c3f2438e7

Part D - Respiratory Movement

https://gyazo.com/f3c66ec8b8cfe224dfc09e12a30aafd2

Part B The respiratory membrane

is comprised of two layers of simple squamous epithelium and their fused basal lamina.

Part C The trachea

is surrounded by C-shaped rings of cartilage.

Which structure is considered to be most superior in location in the lower respiratory system?

larynx

Part B The trachea

lies anterior to the esophagus.

The thin membrane found lining the thoracic cavity is the __________.

parietal pleura

Part A The upper respiratory tract includes the

pharynx.

Which type of cell produces an oily secretion to keep the alveoli from closing due to the surface tension of water in the lungs?

pneumocyte type II cell

Part A Pneumocyte type II cells

produce surfactant.

The respiratory system __________.

provides a large surface area for gas diffusion

Which of the following is a normal part of aging in the respiratory system?

the development of emphysema due to a decrease in the number of elastic fibers surrounding the alveoli

Jan is quietly inhaling and exhaling, but she has recently flown into Denver, which is at high elevation; thus, her pace is a bit faster than normal, but not forced. Which center is NOT active during her inspirations?

the ventral respiratory group

Part D The largest of the laryngeal cartilages is the

thyroid cartilage.

The pharynx does NOT directly connect to the __________.

trachea

Part B The left lung has

two secondary bronchi.

The upper respiratory tract __________.

warms and humidifies incoming air

A person would be more likely to aspirate food into the right lung than the left lung because the right primary bronchus is

wider.