Chapter 26 Our Solar System

Planet Mars (The Red Planet): - _______ Planet from the Sun - _______ than Earth - Mars is rocky, dusty and dry- __________ in soil -Mars has ___________, like Earth -Has __ moon

- Fourth Planet from the Sun - Smaller than Earth - Red Iron -- Mars is rocky, dusty and dry- red iron in soil -Mars has polar ice-caps, like Earth -Has 2 moon - Phobos and Deimos

Planet mercury: - _______ to the Sun. - _________ planet in our Solar System. - Lots of ______ like the Moon. - _____ atmosphere.

-Closest - to the Sun. -Smallest - planet in our system -craters - lots of them like the moon. -NO - no atmosphere

•Comets from Kuiper Belt visit us; ________ is a good example, visiting us every 76 yrs.

Halley Comet

•______ belt is a disc-shaped region of icy bodies-including dwarf planets (Pluto) and comets beyond the orbit of Neptune.

Kuiper

They are closer to the Sun, closer together, and called ________ Planets.

Terrestrial

The Nebular Theory says that: _________ brought particles together and made their shape spherical.

gravity

•__________ is partial eclipse

•Penumbra

•About ______ tons of small meteorites strike the Earth everyday.

200

•There are ___ regions where we find objects in our solar system.

3

The Nebular Theory says that: The Sun and all planets were formed at the same time about _____ billion years ago.

5

Jupiter has more than ___ moons!

67 (4 largest are in the picture)

•How big is the Sun? •_________% of the mass of the solar system is mass of the Sun.

99.86%

•Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are called the ______ Planets. They are solid rock, also called __________Planets.

Inner Terrestrial

What is the largest planet?

Jupiter

•The four outer planets are:

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune

Planet Neptune: -_______ planet from the Sun -__th Largest planet (can fit 60 Earths inside) -Gas planet - _____ -__________ planet in the solar system -1 Neptune yr = 60190 Earth days (_____ Earth yrs) -1 Day = _______ Earth hours -Has ___ moons and a ______ system

-Eighth planet from the Sun -4th Largest planet (can fit 60 Earths inside) -Gas planet - Icy -Windiest planet in the solar system -1 Neptune yr = 60190 Earth days (165 Earth yrs) -1 Day = 16.2 Earth hours -Has 14 moons and a ring system

Planet Jupiter (The Giant): -_______ planet from the Sun -________ planet in our solar system holds 1300 Earths -_____ planet - cloud has methane + He + H -Has red spot - giant spinning ________ -1 Jupiter yr = 4331 Earth days (__ Earth yrs.) -Spins fast, 1 Jupiter day = about ___Earth hours.

-Fifth planet from the Sun -Largest planet in our solar system holds 1300 Earths -Gas planet - cloud has methane + He + H -Has red spot - giant spinning STORM -1 Jupiter yr = 4331 Earth days (12 Earth years) -Spins fast, 1 Jupiter day = about 10 Earth hours.

Planet Venus: - _______ planet from the Sun. - _______ size to Earth (solid surface) - Rotates in _________ direction - _______ due to carbon dioxide green house gas. - Lots of ________. -Has ___ moon.

-Second -- 2nd planet from the Sun -Similar -- Similar size to Earth -opposite - Rotates in opposite direction -Hot and deadly - due to green house gas -Volcanoes - lots of them -NO - no moon

Planet Uranus: -Seventh planet from the Sun -3rd Largest planet -Gas Planet - ice similar to Neptune -Coldest Planet (has no internal source of heat) -Has 27 moons and a faint ring system -1 Uranus yr = 30687 Earth days (84 Earth yrs) -1 day = 17.25 Earth hours

-Seventh planet from the Sun -3rd Largest planet -Gas Planet - ice similar to Neptune -Coldest Planet (has no internal source of heat) -Has 27 moons and a faint ring system -1 Uranus yr = 30687 Earth days (84 Earth yrs) -1 day = 17.25 Earth hours

The 3 regions where we find objects are: ________ belt, the _______ belt, and the ________ Cloud.

Asteroid belt Kuiper belt Oort Cloud

Astronomers use ___________ to measure the distances between objects in our solar system.

Astronomical Unit (AU)

1 AU = the distance from _____ to the Sun.

Earth

•________Eclipse occurs when the Moon passes into the shadow of the Earth.

Lunar

•Asteroid fragments known as____________ frequently visit Earth's atmosphere. They are usually called __________. If they survive the heat and reach the Earth, they are known as __________.

METEOROIDS METEORS METEORITES

What are the name of the 4 inner planets?

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

•Solar Eclipse occurs when the _____________ falls on the Earth.

Moon's shadow

Formation of our solar system has what theory?

Nebular Theory

•_______ Cloud is a collection of far-out objects, more than 50,000 AU from the Sun.

Oort More than 50,000 AU from the Sun

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are called _________ Planets. They are large gaseous (H2, He) planets, also know as _______Planets.

Outer Jovian

Planet Saturn (The ________ Planet)

Ringed

Terrestrial Planets are rocky and consist of mineral-containing __________.

SOLID CRUST

The moon is considered the Earth's Natural ______

Satellite

The ____ is our energy supply.

Sun

•________ is the darkest part of the shadow; total eclipse and lasts 2 to 3 minutes.

Umbra

•The solar system consists of: (a) The _____, (b) 8 ________ - large enough for their gravity to make them spherical, but small enough to avoid nuclear reaction (fusion) in their core. (c) _______(s) orbiting planets, (Mercury & Venus do NOT have a one) (d) ________ :- small rocky bodies (e) _________:- small icy objects (f) __________:- orbit on the outer edge of solar system, e.g. Pluto.

a. Sun b. Planets c. Moon d. Asteroids e. Comets d. Dwarf Planets

•The ________ belt is the region in the Solar System located roughly between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter. It is occupied by numerous irregularly shaped bodies called ________ or ____________.

asteroid asteroids or minor planets

The Moon's surface has NO ______ or _______.

atmosphere or liquid water

The Nebular Theory says that: Planets were formed from a cloud of gas and ______ (nebula is Latin for ____).

dust

Tiny part of thermonuclear reaction reaches the Earth to give us ______ & _______.

food & energy

Outer planets are described as?

gigantic, gaseous, low-density planets

Outer planets have very strong ________ force that attracted gas particles above their surface, hence gaseous. The gases are primarily _______ & _______.

gravitational hydrogen and helium

The massive Sun developed thermonuclear reaction due to huge ?

gravity, high pressure & temperature

Jupiter moons consist of what?

ice, water, and volcanic activitity

•The reason that one side of the moon is never visible from the Earth is because the _____ spins once on its axis in the same amount of time it takes to revolve around the ________.

moon Earth

•Our nearest neighbor in space is ??

our moon

•All outer planets have ______ systems, Saturn being the most prominent.

ring

•Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune all have _________ (moons). Saturn is famous for its _______ system.

satellites ring

•Our _____________ is a collection of objects gravitationally bound to the Sun.

solar system

The Nebular Theory says that: The massive Sun developed _________________ due to huge gravity, high pressure & temperature.

thermonuclear reaction

Saturn: -_______ Planet from the Sun - ______Largest Planet, but very light -_______ density - _______Gas planet similar to Jupiter - ___ flat rings made of ice, rocks and dust -1 Saturn year = 10759 Earth days (__ Earth yrs) -1 Saturn Day = _____ Earth hours -Has about ___ moons beyond its rings (Titan is largest) -Has ________ (like a bright star)

-Sixth Planet from the Sun -2nd Largest Planet, but very light -Lowest density -Gas planet similar to Jupiter -4 flat rings made of ice, rocks and dust -1 Saturn year = 10759 Earth days (29 Earth yrs) -1 Saturn Day = 10.2 Earth hours -Has about 82 moons beyond its rings (Titan is largest) -Has bright light (like a bright star)

Planet Earth (Our Home): - _____ Planet from the Sun - ______ Largest Planet - Supports life with ______(3 things) - 365.25 _____ -Has _______ seasons due to the tilt of its axis (23.50) -1 day = ___ hours

-Third planet from the Sun -5th Largest Planet -air (oxygen), water, land helps support life -days -- 365.25 days a year -4 -- 4 seasons due to tilt of axis -24 --- 24 hours in a day

The Moon is about ______ the size of Earth.

1/4

•Every ______ million yrs large meteorites that cause mass extinction hit Earth

100