Chapter 27
In this equation p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1, what does the term 2pq represent?
The genotype frequency of heterozygous individuals
Which of the following will alter the frequency of alleles in the population the least?
mutation
A SNP would best be described as ________.
A single nucleotide difference between two DNA sequences
Migration of a random few individuals from one population to a new area to establish a new population is an example of _______.
Founder effect
The formula p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 is associated with which of the following?
Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium
The accumulation of new mutations in a population is usually a ______ factor against the fitness of the population.
Negative
If two individuals of a population, who vary in their phenotype, preferentially mate, it is called _______.
Negative assortative mating
You are preparing to perform DNA fingerprinting by PCR for the first time. Select the reagent that would result in complications in the interpretation of your results.
PCR primers that anneal to the repetitive region of the microsatellites
In humans, the gene for eye color is an example of a _____ trait.
Polymorphic
A group of individuals from the same species that occupy the same region and can interbreed with one another is the definition of a _________.
Population
Which of the following is not true concerning a population in equilibrium according to the Hardy-Weinburg rule?
Selection is favoring the dominant allele
Which of the following factors would result in the allele frequency of a population not adding up to 1.0, as is the case in the Hardy-Weinberg rule?
a population changing due to selection
Genetic drift has a greater influence on _____ populations.
small
Which of the following types of selection favors the survival of individuals with the intermediate phenotype?
stabilizing selection
If the allele frequency of the dominant allele is 0.4, what value is used for the term p^2 in the equation p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1?
0.16
In a given population of Drosophila, curly wings (c) is recessive to the wild-type condition of straight wings (c+). You isolate a population of 35 curly winged flies, 70 flies that are heterozygous for straight wings and 45 that are homozygous for straight wings. What is the total number of alleles in the gene pool?
300
In a given population of Drosophila, curly wings (c) is recessive to the wild-type condition of straight wings (c+). You isolate a population of 35 curly winged flies, 70 flies that are heterozygous for straight wings and 45 that are homozygous for straight wings. What is the frequency of alleles in this population?
46.7% c; 53.3% c+
In a certain population, the frequency of allele A is 0.3 and the frequency of allele a is 0.7. The population inbreeds such that f=0.1. What is the frequency of each genotype in the population?
AA: 0.111; Aa: 0.378; aa: 0.511
Which of the following is true regarding a balanced polymorphism?
All of the answers are correct. The frequency of alleles is not changing over time. The homozygous condition for the alleles is not advantageous to the organism. An example in humans is sickle-cell anemia.
The prevalence of the allele for sickle cell anemia in some populations is an example of?
Balancing selection
Which type of selection would lead to two distinct phenotypes?
Disruptive selection
The chracteristics of a given population over time are _______.
Dynamic
Which of the following is NOT a step to calculate a coefficient of inbreeding?
determine the mutation rate
Which of the following types of selection favors one extreme of a phenotypic distribution?
directional selection
The degree of relatedness of two members of a pedigree is calculated using ________.
the inbreeding coefficient
The interbreeding coefficient (F) tells us what about an individual?
the probability that they are homozygous due to inheritance from a common ancestor
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic by which a population is in equilibrium according to Hardy-Weinberg equation?
there is nonrandom mating