Chapter 28 and 29 Test/Notes

"If we do not follow the most scientific approved methods, the most modern discoveries of how to conserve and propagate and renew wherever possible those resources which Nature in her providence has given to man for his use but not abuse, the time will come when the world will not be able to support life, and then we shall have no need of conservation of health, strength, or vital force because we must have the things to support life or everything else is useless.... [D]o not forget that the conservation of life itself must be built on the solid foundation of conservation of natural resources, or it will be a house built upon the sands that will be washed away." --Marion Crocker, General Federation of Women's Clubs, 1912 Based on the excerpt, Marion Crocker was most likely... A. a Progressive Era reformer B. an advocate for an expansion of the New Deal C. a member of the Populist Party D. an advocate for African American civil rights

A. a Progressive Era reformer

President Woodrow Wilson's policy when war broke out in Europe in 1914, called for A. American trade with Europe on a cash-and-carry basis only B. Immediate American aid to the Allied powers C. acknowledgment of American neutral rights on the high seas D. strict prohibition of American travel on the ships of belligerents E. a strict embargo on trade with all warring nations

C. Acknowledgment of American neutral rights on the high seas

"The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing a panic. . . . The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent. It is a question of proximity and degree. When a nation is at war, many things that might be said in time of peace are such a hindrance to its effort that their utterance will not be endured so long as men fight, and that no Court could regard them as protected by any constitutional right." --Majority opinion of the United States Supreme Court in Schenck v. United States, 1919 The Schenck case emerged most directly from the context of which of the following? A. Challenges by women to their prescribed status in society B. African American migration from the rural South to the urban North C. Critiques by radicals of United States foreign policy D. Nativist resistance to migration from abroad

C. Critiques by radicals of United States foreign policy

Which of the following occurred on the home front during the First World War? A. The United States government places Japanese Americans in relocation camps B. Joined the military in large numbers C. The United States public expressed widespread anti-German sentiment D. Military commanders desegregated the armed forces

C. The United States public expressed widespread anti-German sentiment

As a result of the Panic of 1907 there was reform in __________ policy. A. land use B. banking C. tariff D. Industrial

B. banking

It is likely that the senate would have accepted American participation in the League of Nations had Wilson A. stuck to the principles of his own Fourteen Points B. been willing to compromise with League opponents in Congress C. actively campaigned for support from the American public D. personally gone to Europe to negotiate for the League Covenant

B. been willing to compromise with League opponents in Congress

The progressive movement was instrumental in getting both the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Amendments added to the Constitution. The Seventeenth called for __________, while the Eighteenth called for __________. A. women's suffrage; income taxes B. direct election of senators; prohibition C. income taxes; direct election of senators D. prohibition; women's suffrage

B. direct election of senators; prohibition

Most muckrakers believed their primary function in the progressive attack on social ills was to A. formulate a consistent philosophy of social reform B. make the public aware of social problems C. explain the causes of social ills D. devise solutions to society's problems

B. make the public aware of social problems

Match each 1912 presidential candidate with his political party A. Woodrow Wilson B. Theodore Roosevelt C. William Howard Taft D. Eugene V. Debs 1. Socialist 2. Democratic 3. Republican 4. Progressive

A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

"Who has registered the knowledge or approval of the American people of the course this Congress is called upon in declaring war upon Germany? Submit the question to the people, you who support it. You who support it dare not do it, for you know that by a vote of more than ten to one the American people as a body would register their declaration against it. "I venture to say that the response which the German people have made to the demands of this war shows that it has a degree of popular support which the war upon which we are entering has not and never will have among our people. The espionage bills, the conscription bills, and other forcible military measures . . . [are] proof that those responsible for this war fear that it has no popular support. . . . "It was our absolute right as a neutral [power] to ship food to the people of Germany. That is a position that we have fought for through all of our history. . . . "The only reason why we have not suffered the sacrifice of just as many ships and just as many lives from the violation of our rights by the war zone and the submarine mines of Great Britain as we have through the unlawful acts of Germany in making her war zone in violation of our neutral rights is simply because we have submitted to Great Britain's dictation. . . . We have not only a legal but a moral responsibility for the position in which Germany has been placed . . . . By suspending the rule [of law] with respect to neutral rights in Great Britain's case, we have been actively aiding her in starving the civil population of Germany. We have helped to drive Germany into a corner, her back to the wall, to fight with what weapons she can lay her hands on to prevent the starving of her women and children, her old men and babes." --Senator Robert La Follette, speech in the United States Senate, 1917 A limitation of the excerpt as evidence of the reasons for United States entry into the First World War was that it A. expressed opposition to war with Germany B. asserted that Germans supported the war C. was given by an influential political leader D. was delivered during the war declaration debates

A. expressed opposition to war with Germany

Two constitutional amendments adopted in part because wartime influences were the Eighteenth, which dealt with __________, and the Nineteenth, whose subject was __________. A. prohibition, women's suffrage B. direct election of senators; women's suffrage C. an income tax; direct election of senators D. prohibition; income tax

A. prohibition; women's suffrage

"If we do not follow the most scientific approved methods, the most modern discoveries of how to conserve and propagate and renew wherever possible those resources which Nature in her providence has given to man for his use but not abuse, the time will come when the world will not be able to support life, and then we shall have no need of conservation of health, strength, or vital force because we must have the things to support life or everything else is useless.... [D]o not forget that the conservation of life itself must be built on the solid foundation of conservation of natural resources, or it will be a house built upon the sands that will be washed away." --Marion Crocker, General Federation of Women's Clubs, 1912 People who shared Crocker's ideas at the time most typically sought to achieve their goals by... A. promoting federal legislation to protect the environment B. creating alliances with politicians to promote sustainable farming C. proposing the use of new techniques to reduce pollution D. seeking partnerships with business leaders to manage emissions

A. promoting federal legislation to protect the environment

According to President Theodore Roosevelt the federal government should adopt a policy of __________ the trusts A. regulating B. collusion with C. ignoring D. dissolving

A. regulating

Match each early-twentieth-century muckraker with the target of his or her exposé 1. David G. Phillips 2. Ida Tarbell 3. Lincoln Steffens 4. Ray Stannard Baker A. the United States Senate B. Standard Oil Company C. City government

A1, B2, C3

Match each late-nineteenth-century social critic below with the target of his criticism. ___ A. Thorstein Veblen ___ B. Jack London ___ C. Jacob Riis ___ D. Henry Demarest Lloyd 1. "bloated trusts" 2. slum conditions 3. "conspicuous consumption" [A] A-3, B-2, C-1 [B] A-3, C-2, D-1 [C] A-1, B-3, D-2 [D] B-2, C-3, D-1

[B] A-3, C-2, D-1

"We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona." This message above had which of the following effects? A. It resulted in the Palmer raids of 1919 B. It pushed the United States closer to participation in the First World War C. It was used to justify a declaration of war against Mexico D. It led to accusations against alleged communists in the State Department E. It helped the Hearst newspapers to garner public support for the war against Spain

B. It pushed the United States closer to participation in the First World War

The 1902 anthracite coal strike was unusual and significant at the time because A. the coal miners' union was official. recognized as the legal bargaining agent of the miners B. the national government did not automatically side with the owners in the dispute C. for a time the miners were seized by the national government and operated by federal troops D. the owners quickly agreed to negotiate with labor representatives in order to settle they differences peacefully

B. the national government did not automatically side with the owners in the dispute

The two key goals pursued by progressives were to curb the threats posed by _________ on the one hand and _________ on the other. A. new immigrants; blacks B. trusts; socialists C. the Old Guard; muckrakers D. the social gospel; the gospel of wealth

B. trusts; socialists

Theodore Roosevelt's presidency can be best described as A. was a poor judge of public opinion B. showed no skill and little interest in working with Congress C. greatly increased the power and prestige of the presidency D. was surprisingly unpopular with the public

C. greatly increased the power and prestige of the presidency

Which publication helped to inspire the Passage of the Federal Meat Inspection Act? A. Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives B. Henry Demarest Lloyd's Wealth against Commonwealth C. Theodore Dreiser's The Titan D. Upton Sinclair's The Jungle

D. Upton Sinclair's The Jungle

African American migration to the urban North during the First World War was due primarily to A. encouragement by white Protestant churches in the North B. racially integrated residential. neighborhoods in Northern cities C. recruitment efforts by labor unions D. expanded job opportunities in Northern factories E. increased educational opportunities resulting from affirmative-action programs

D. expanded job opportunities in Northern factories

"Article X says that every member of the League, and that means every great fighting power in the world, ... solemnly engages to respect and preserve ... the territorial integrity and existing political independence of the other members of the League. If you do that, you have absolutely stopped ambitious and aggressive war." --Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson's statement above was made in justification of his A. insistence on "open treaties, openly arrives at" B. decision to send troops to northern Russia and Siberia after the Bolshevik Revolution C. opposition. to the resolution on racial equality put forward at the Paris peace negotiations by the Japanese delegation D. refusal to accept the "reservations" proposed by Henry Cabot Lodge in the Senate debate over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles

D. refusal to accept the "reservations" proposed by Henry Cabot Lodge in the Senate debate over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles