Chapter 28: Family Health Risks

9. Which situation is considered a family crisis? a. Husband loses job and family is now homeless. b. Child dies and parents go to grief counseling. c. Mother is hospitalized for two weeks and neighbors help care for the children. d. Nurse goes to home to give chemotherapy to child with cancer.

ANS: A A family crisis occurs when the family is not able to cope with an event and becomes disorganized or dysfunctional.

25. During the initial home visit, which nursing action is most important to include? a. Explore the client's ideas and perceptions about the purpose of the visits. b. Identify with the client the contradictions in the client's words and health behaviors. c. Refer client to others in the health team. d. Teach client about solutions to his or her problems.

ANS: A During the initial home visit, it is important to explore the client's ideas and perception about the purpose of the visits.

1. What is being described when a nurse uses the term family policy? a. Anything that is done by the government that directly or indirectly effects families b. Laws that affect families and family living c. Requirements for immunizations for the entire family d. Healthy People 2020 guidelines for healthy families

ANS: A Family policy demonstrates a government's understanding of families and its role in promoting their health.

12. A nurse would use a genogram when assessing for which type of family risk? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social

ANS: A The genogram is an effective technique for assessing biological family risks.

21. The nurse clarifies the purpose for a visit during which phase of the home visit process? a. Initiation b. Pre-visit c. In-home d. Post-visit

ANS: A The initiation phase also includes clarifying the source of referral and sharing information regarding the purpose of a home visit with the family.

17. A nurse assists a family to obtain food stamps. What is the purpose of this resource? a. To provide support for basic needs b. To offer insurance for the uninsured c. To provide health-related services to families d. To allow non-governmental agencies to operate more effectively

ANS: A The purpose of government resources for families, such as food stamps, is support for basic needs.

19. Which activity is a nurse most likely to complete during the post-visit phase of the home visit? a. Document the visit and services provided. b. Conduct a health teaching session. c. Plan the next home visit. d. Seek information about community resources for referrals.

ANS: A The visit is not complete until the interaction has been recorded.

MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. Which are lifestyle habits that have been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality? Select all that apply. a. Sleeping 7 to 8 hours daily b. Eating breakfast c. Eating between meals d. Vigorous daily physical activity

ANS: A, B Sleeping 7 to 8 hours daily and eating breakfast have been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality. Eating between meals is discouraged and regular exercise, not vigorous exercise, is encouraged.

11. The nurse asked the family about its financial resources and the demands on these resources. This is an example of _____ risks. a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social

ANS: B A nursing asking a family about financial resources is an example of assessing their economic risks.

15. Which is an example of an internal family coping strategy that would be best used following a family crisis? a. Asking a distant relative for a loan b. Talking to relatives about stresses and worries c. Attending a local worship service d. Using public assistance to obtain food stamps

ANS: B An internal coping strategy is sharing thoughts and feelings with others. Attending worship services and using public assistance are also potential strategies for coping, but these are external strategies.

3. The process of assessing the presence of specific factors within each category that have been identified as being associated with an increased likelihood of an illness or an unhealthy event is called health: a. Risk reduction b. Risk appraisal c. Risk factors d. Events

ANS: B Assessing the presence of specific factors within categories that are associated with increased likelihood of illness is called health risk appraisal.

6. Which health risk category is one of the foremost predictors of health? a. Biological b. Economic c. Lifestyle d. Social

ANS: B Economic health risks are one of the foremost predictors of health.

2. A nurse assessing a family recognizes that which behaviors are learned within the family structure? a. Smoking habits and heart disease b. Health values and health habits c. Chronic illness and disease risk d. Societal norms and values

ANS: B Health values, health habits, and health risk perception are effected by and acted out within the family environment.

20. Which activity would most likely occur during the beginning phase of contracting? a. Mutual division of responsibilities b. Mutual development of a plan c. Mutual setting of time limits d. Mutual implementation of the plan

ANS: B Mutual division of responsibilities, setting of time limits, and implementation of the plan all occur during the working phase.

8. Which situation is an example of a non-normative life event? a. Adoption of a child b. Loss of a job c. Marriage of a child d. Retirement from work

ANS: B Non-normative life events are unpredictable; loss of a job is an unpredictable event.

18. Which is a main disadvantage to home visits? a. Convenience for the client b. Time spent with one client c. Client control of the setting d. Ability to individualize services

ANS: B Others are cost of pre-visit preparation, travel to and from the home, and post-visit preparation.

24. Using a behavioral health risk survey and identifying the factors leading to obesity in the family is an example of which level of prevention? a. Primary prevention b. Secondary prevention c. Tertiary prevention d. Assessment

ANS: B Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and prompt treatment of disease, injury, or disability.

7. According to Pender, one factor that motivates individuals to participate in health behaviors is the: a. Reduction of health risk by examination of the concepts of family risk related to each individual b. Desire to protect health by using behaviors directed toward decreasing the probability of specific illness or dysfunction c. Use of the Neuman Systems Model to define family health in terms of systems stability d. Realization that health can be defined in many ways and within many cultures

ANS: B Understanding individual and family health behaviors requires looking at the concepts related to motivation and desire for good health.

14. Which health risk would families be most likely to tolerate? a. Newly built power plant b. Smoking cigarettes c. Speeding vehicles near playground d. Industrial pollution

ANS: B Voluntarily assumed risks are tolerated better than those imposed by others.

2. Which are benefits of home visits? Select all that apply. a. Promote health for adolescent mothers. b. Identify barriers and provide support for family health promotion goals. c. Allow families to maintain a sense of control in meeting their healthcare needs. d. Prolong the nurse-client relationship.

ANS: B, C Some of the benefits of home visits include identifying barriers and support for family health promotion goals and allowing families to maintain a sense of control in meeting their health care needs.

5. Which statement best describes the effects of life events on family health risk? a. Normative events require very little change in family structures and roles. b. Positive events are unlikely to place stress on a family. c. Normative and non-normative events pose potential risks to the health of families. d. Negative life events require change and place stress on a family.

ANS: C Families can experience stress as a result of normative and non-normative events.

10. An example of social risk is: a. Inadequate housing b. Lack of education c. High-crime neighborhood d. Lack of insurance

ANS: C Inadequate housing, not being educated, and not being insured are economic risks.

23. Which nursing activity is part of the termination phase of a home visit? a. Conducting a physical assessment b. Identifying household members c. Summarizing accomplishments of the visit d. Teaching about health

ANS: C Summarizing the accomplishments of the visit provides a basis for planning further home visits.

22. During which phase of the home visit process would it be appropriate for the nurse to review the home visit with the family? a. Initiation b. In-home c. Termination d. Post-visit

ANS: C Termination is also the time to plan for future visits.

4. Which behavioral risk factor is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States? a. Homicide and suicide b. Motor vehicle accidents c. Chronic disease d. Substance use and abuse

ANS: D A major contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States is substance abuse.

13. When would a nurse use an ecomap? a. When assessing a family's biological risks b. When considering a family's economic risks c. When discussing a family's lifestyle risks d. When examining a family's social risks

ANS: D An ecomap provides information useful in assessing a family's social risks.

16. Which statement is true about transitions? a. Transitions are stressful events for all families. b. Transitions require coping skills which must be taught to some families. c. Transitions address the family skills necessary to meet developmental goals. d. Transitions present new situations and demands for families.

ANS: D Transitions present new situations and demands for families that may require a change in behaviors, schedules, and patterns of communication.