Chapter 28 summative

How did Mussolini build support from big business in Italy?

He left big business to regulate itself and never purged its members.

Why did Hitler have the leadership of the SA storm troopers, roughly one hundred individuals, killed in 1934?

He wanted to win the support of the traditional military, but the SA leaders had expected appointment to top positions in the army.

Which of the following social groups was part of the new elite class in the Stalinist state?

Highly regarded artists

The target of the first of two atomic bombs dropped on Japan in 1945 was

Hiroshima.

What was the effect of Lenin's 1921 New Economic Policy (NEP)?

It encouraged peasants to sell their surpluses in free markets and allowed private traders and small manufacturers to do business again.

In the Lateran Agreement, how did Mussolini resolve the status of the Catholic Church in Italy?

The Vatican was recognized as an independent state that received heavy support from the Italian state.

How did the Nazi Party seek to promote the idea of the Volksgemeinschaft?

They created mass organizations such as the Hitler Youth and held mass rallies to spread Nazi ideology and enlist volunteers

How did the Nazis seek to legitimize their racial policies?

They established research institutes and academies that measured and defined racial differences in order to present prejudice in the guise of enlightened science.

What problem was faced by most of the underground resistance groups who opposed the Nazis?

They were not well unified, for they had differing political goals.

In Stalin's Soviet Union, women

could enter the ranks of specialists in industry and science.

The Allies adopted the principle of the unconditional surrender of Germany and Japan in order to

further encourage mutual trust among the Allies.

The parliamentary government in Italy was breaking down at the time of the Fascist march on Rome in October 1922, largely because of

the violence perpetrated by Mussolini's own black—shirted militants.