Chapter 29-30
In retrospect, the cold war was probably:
inevitable
Truman's response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin in 1948 was to:
launch a massive airlift of supplies into West Berlin
Given his own personal views on the matter, Eisenhower's support for civil rights would be:
mainly left up to the courts
Truman viewed his victory as a mandate for:
moderate liberalism
The Soviet acquisition of the atomic bomb in 1949 inspired Truman to:
order the development of a hydrogen bomb
In The Affluent Society, John Kenneth Galbraith pointed out the:
persistence of poverty
The Twenty-second Amendment:
prohibited presidents from serving more than two terms
After the war, Americans were most eager to:
purchase
The baby boom:
started in 1946
To President Eisenhower, the most important reason to construct the interstate highway system was to:
strengthen national defense
In the Brown decision, the Supreme Court:
struck down "separate but equal" in public education
Elvis was especially controversial because of his:
suggestive gyrations on stage
All of the following were established by the National Security Act of 1947 EXCEPT:
the Department of Homeland Security
One sign of the times came in 1954 when Congress added the words "under God" to:
the Pledge of Allegiance
Toward the end of the Eisenhower presidency, the country could celebrate:
the addition as states of Alaska and Hawaii
One major reason for religion's growing appeal in the 1950s was:
the desire to combat godless communism
All of the following were sources of Dwight David Eisenhower's political appeal EXCEPT his:
years as a leader in Congress
Baseball was integrated in 1947 when Jackie Robinson played for the:
Brooklyn Dodgers
The Egyptian leader who seized the Suez Canal was:
Gamal Abdel Nasser
The 1948 election is probably best remembered for:
Truman's upset victory
Ho Chi Minh's primary goal was:
Vietnamese independence
Life magazine's ideal woman of the mid-1950s was:
a white suburban housewife
The result of the 1956 election was:
apparent voter approval of Eisenhower's "modern Republicanism"
Dulles's policy of "brinksmanship" involved:
averting war through the threat of nuclear force
While college enrollments soared in the postwar period:
black veterans encountered barriers to entrance
The postwar economic boom was fueled mainly by:
cold war-related military spending
The islands of Quemoy and Matsu were:
controlled by the Chinese Nationalists
As a leader, Eisenhower:
could be quietly effective
In retrospect, the material successes of the 1950s:
created new problems that would be addressed in the 1960s
One major way Eisenhower's conservatism was revealed was in his determination to:
cut taxes and government spending
The Yalta pledges of democratic elections in Eastern Europe:
proved to be meaningless
The United States experienced a shock in 1949 when Communists took over:
China
By the spring of 1945, the United States and Britain were becoming deeply concerned over Soviet actions in:
Eastern Europe
Since the nineteenth century, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia had been ruled by:
France
The secretary of state who devised the plan of massive economic recovery aid to Europe was:
George Marshall
In 1956, a Soviet invasion of Hungary was sparked by:
Hungary's attempt to leave the Warsaw Pact
Which of the following is NOT true of the GI Bill?
Its huge cost did not justify its benefits.
All of the following were original NATO members EXCEPT:
Japan
The location of William Levitt's first suburban development was:
Long Island
The African American writer who explored the theme of social alienation in Invisible Man was:
Ralph Ellison
The 1946 congressional elections resulted in:
Republican control of Congress
One notable aspect of the 1952 election was:
Republican gains in the South
The person who benefited most from the outcome of the Hiss-Chambers case was:
Richard Nixon
As the 1948 election approached:
Truman seemed to be in deep political trouble
UN forces reaching the Yalu River brought about:
a massive Chinese intervention
The arrest of Rosa Parks in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955 inspired:
a massive bus boycott
During the 1948 presidential campaign, Truman endorsed all of the following EXCEPT:
abolishing Social Security
Jackson Pollack pioneered the style of painting known as:
abstract expressionism
At the 1948 Democratic convention, Minneapolis mayor Hubert Humphrey urged his party to:
adopt a strong civil rights plank
The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947:
allowed the president to impose a "cooling-off" period during major strikes
Howl was:
an explicit prose poem by Allen Ginsberg
In regard to Israel's founding in 1948, the United States:
became the first country to recognize the Jewish state
President Truman vetoed the McCarran Internal Security Act:
because he felt it promoted thought control
By 1960, about 65 percent of Americans:
belonged to a church
The fact that "We Shall Overcome" became the civil rights anthem showed the powerful influence in the movement of:
black evangelical churches
One of rock and roll's most important contributions was to:
bridge class and racial divisions
The Korean War did all of the following EXCEPT:
bring about major changes in boundaries
All of the following increased through the postwar years EXCEPT:
family savings
The youthful rebels known as the Beats:
favored road trips, Buddhism, and jazz
When Castro came to power, the Eisenhower administration was most alienated by:
fears that Cuba would become Communist
Soviet and Communist activities in regard to Turkey and Greece were intended to:
gain the Soviets access to the Mediterranean
With the end of World War II, women workers were encouraged to:
give up their jobs to returning veterans
All of the following are true of Harry Truman EXCEPT that he:
had an Ivy League education
Ultimately, the Beats:
helped inspire the youth revolt of the 1960s
A major economic problem President Truman faced immediately after the war was:
high rates of inflation
In the 1948 campaign, the Dixiecrats did all of the following EXCEPT:
influence Truman to slow down on civil rights
To Eisenhower and Dulles, one big advantage of emphasizing nuclear weapons as part of a deterrence strategy would be that:
it would save money
FBI director J. Edgar Hoover blamed rising rates of juvenile delinquency on:
lack of religious values
In the immediate postwar period, much of Africa and Asia was swept by movements devoted to:
nationalism
Suburban growth was spurred by all of the following EXCEPT:
new construction of mass public transportation
Blacks who moved to northern cities found:
new problems and forms of exploitation
Montgomery showed African Americans and the civil rights movement the power of:
nonviolent protest
By the early 1950s, the United States was supporting the French effort against the Viet Minh:
only financially
The GI Bill did all of the following EXCEPT:
pay veterans large bonuses to remain in the military
The Warren Court's 1957 decision in regard to the Smith Act:
protected free political expression
The new president of South Vietnam, Ngo Dinh Diem
proved to be corrupt and authoritarian
One major reason that World War II inspired postwar changes in race relations was the:
racist nature of the enemies of the United States
In regard to the Rosenbergs, who had been convicted of atomic espionage, President Eisenhower:
refused to halt their executions
The music Alan Freed labeled rock and roll was actually:
rhythm and blues
State Department official George Kennan:
said the United States should contain Soviet expansionist tendencies
In response to the Little Rock crisis of 1957, Eisenhower:
sent 1,000 federal troops to protect black students
Between 1945 and 1960, home ownership:
significantly increased
When the Israelis, British, and French opposed Egypt in the Suez War, the Eisenhower administration:
supported Arab nationalism
When confronted with strikes in the coal and railroad industries in 1946, President Truman's response was to:
temporarily seize those industries
When North Korea attacked South Korea, Truman concluded:
that Stalin and the Soviets were behind it
In the aftermath of the Brown decision, all of the following defended segregation EXCEPT:
the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
The Eisenhower administration was deeply embarrassed when:
the Soviets shot down an American spy plane
Senator Joseph McCarthy's power began to unravel when he made reckless charges about Communist influence in:
the U.S. Army
When North Korean Communists invaded South Korea:
the United Nations authorized military intervention against the aggressors
In 1947, President Truman took actions to banish Communists from:
the federal government
Between 1945 and 1960 in the United States:
the gross national product almost doubled
Before becoming president, Eisenhower was most shaped by his experience in:
the military
In 1948, President Truman desegregated:
the military
In his farewell address, Eisenhower warned about:
the power of the military-industrial complex
Most blacks who moved to Chicago were fleeing terrible poverty in:
the rural South
The postwar era witnessed its most dramatic population growth in:
the sunbelt
Willy Loman was:
the tragic lead character in Death of a Salesman
To help bring about an armistice in Korea, Eisenhower:
threatened the Communists with atomic weapons
In The Lonely Crowd, David Riesman described the dominant corporate personality as one who:
tried to please people and gain the boss's favor
By the 1950s, suburban life was marked by an increasing:
uniformity
By the end of the Eisenhower years, public school integration:
was still massively opposed in the Deep South
The Civil Rights Acts of 1957 and 1960:
were largely ineffective
By and large, Truman's Fair Deal proposals:
were thwarted by a conservative coalition in Congress
Inch'on was the site:
where General MacArthur turned the war around with a surprise landing
During the 1950s, the income gap between whites and blacks:
widened
The Reverend Norman Vincent Peale emphasized:
a cheerful approach to life and religion
The theologian Reinhold Niebuhr emerged as:
a critic of social conformity and complacency
In the postwar era, the trend in the corporate sector was toward:
bigness and concentration
The Hiss-Chambers case:
resulted in Hiss's conviction for perjury
In regard to New Deal programs, Eisenhower:
retained most and even expanded some of them
In The Crack in the Picture Window, John Keats described suburban life as:
"homogeneous, postwar Hell"
Houses in Levittown in the mid-1950s all sold for just under:
$8,000
In 1958, Eisenhower sent U.S. Marines into:
Lebanon
In the 1950s, teenagers became especially important as:
consumers
Alan Freed was a notable:
disc jockey
The 1954 Geneva Accords:
divided Vietnam until elections two years later
Secretary of State John Foster Dulles could be viewed as a Calvinist in that he:
divided the world into forces of good and evil
Permanent members of the United Nations Security Council:
each have veto power over major UN decisions
On the domestic front, President Truman soon made clear his intention to:
expand the New Deal
Senator McCarthy was very effective in:
exploiting public fears