Chapter 29

Genes that appear on the X chromosome are said to be ________. A) X linked B) Autosomal linked C) Dominant D) Recessive

A) X linked

Genetic predisposition for blood types is A. rare B. an example of multiple-allele inheritance C. expressed only after first pregnancy

B. an example of multiple-allele inheritance

Non-sex chromosomes are called A) heterozygous B) homologous C) homozygous D) autosomal E) chromatids

D) autosomal

________ Chromosomes are responsible for determining whether an individual will be male or female. A) Sex B) Autosomal C) Dominant D) Recessive

A) Sex

Human gametes contain ________ chromosomes. A) 23 B) 23 pairs C) 46 D) 24 E) 24 pairs

A) 23

Human somatic cells contain ________ chromosomes. A) 46 or 23 pairs of B) 44 or 22 pairs of C) 48 or 24 pairs of

A) 46 or 23 pairs of

In simple autosomal inheritance, phenotypic characters are determined, or controlled, by A) A single pair of alleles. B) Multiple alleles. C) The genes on the Y chromosome. D) Regulator genes on a chromosome other than the one that has the structural genes. E) The action of a single gene

A) A single pair of alleles.

The gradual modification of anatomical structures during the period from conception to maturity is A) Development. B) Capacitation. C) Embryogenesis. D) Differentiation. E) all of the above

A) Development

A (n) ________ allele will always be expressed regardless of what the other allele happens to be. A) Dominant B) recessive C) sex D) autosomal

A) Dominant

A person whose phenotype is XX would be a (n) ________. A) Female B) Male C) None of the above

A) Female

An individual's entire genetic makeup is called their ________. A) Genotype B) Phenotype C) blood type

A) Genotype

A person whose phenotype is XY would be a (n) ________. A) Male B) Female C) Non of the above

A) Male

The genes that are expressed in an individual produce the ________. A) Phenotype B) genotype C) blood type

A) Phenotype

The ________ is a simple box diagram that allows us to predict the probability of a Particular trait occurring in the offspring of a given mating. A) Punnett square B) Washington square C) Time square D) Centimeter square

A) Punnett square

A (n) ________ allele is expressed only in the homozygous condition. A) Recessive B) Dominant C) Sex D) Autosomal E) non of the above

A) Recessive

The Punnett square is A) a tool that is useful for predicting phenotypic results in large populations B) our best tool for genetic counseling C) is good only for dominant lethal genes D) has no good use in modern genetics E) none of the above

A) a tool that is useful for predicting phenotypic results in large populations

The various forms of any one gene are called A) alleles. B) homozygous. C) heterozygous. D) homologous. E) autosomes

A) alleles.

If an individual carries a pair of alleles that are the same, they are ________ for the trait. A) homozygous B) homologous C) polygenic D) autosomous E) heterozygous

A) homozygous

The random nature of how chromosomes are assigned to their haploid gametes yields A) over 8 million potential haploid varieties B) about 16 haploid varieties C) between 32 and 100 haploid varieties D) innumerable haploid varieties E) this not capable of being calculated

A) over 8 million potential haploid varieties

DNA abnormalities in mitochondrial genes has been found to be associated with A. diseases of ATP production B. growth abnormalities C. blood disorders

A. diseases of ATP production

The simplest form of genetic screening involves A. pedigree analysis B. DNA analysis C. photomicrographs of the chromosomal pattern

A. pedigree analysis

If an individual carries two different alleles for the same trait, they are A) homologous. B) heterozygous. C) polygenic. D) Homozygous. E) Autosomous

B) heterozygous.

Phenotype is the term used to express A) what the generic transcription will always yield B) how the combination of genetic expression and environment work to make us who we are C) the picture created by a particular genetic make-up D) the unspoiled picture painted by the genotype E) a theoretical picture of a given genotype

B) how the combination of genetic expression and environment work to make us who we are

A color-blind (X-linked recessive trait) man marries a woman who is heterozygous for the trait, what proportion of their male offspring can be expected to be color blind? A) 100% B) 0 C) 1/2 D) 1/4 E) 1/8

C) 1/2

Cross-over, where portions of the chromosomes switch places with their paired partner A) cannot occur B) limits the number of haploid gametes C) creates even more potential variation in the genetic pattern of the gamete D) will not yield a visible embryo E) only involved dominant genes

C) creates even more potential variation in the genetic pattern of the gamete

The alternative forms of any one gene are called A. autosomes B. heterozygous C. alleles D. homologous E. homozygous

C. alleles

Polygene inheritance A. is rarely, if ever seen B. when present is linked to serious medical complications C. is true of many phenotypic traits D. represents the results of maternal drug use

C. is true of many phenotypic traits

All diseases of the young child are due to genetic abnormalities A. Absolutely true B. mostly true C. probably more true than we understand presently, but still mostly false D. neither true or false E. always false

C. probably more true than we understand presently, but still mostly false

Paired chromosomes are called A) Alleles. B) heterozygous. C) homozygous. D) homologous. E) Autosomes

D) homologous.

Chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes are called A) homologous. B) heterozygous. C) homozygous. D) Alleles. E) Autosomes.

E) Autosomes

In polygenic inheritance, phenotypic characters are A) Determined by the action of a single gene. B) Always controlled by genes on the same chromosome. C) Determined by a single pair of alleles. D) Determined by the genes on the Y chromosome. E) Determined by interactions among several genes.

E) Determined by interactions among several genes.

Huntington's disease is an example of a A) lethal dominant gene B) lethal recessive gene C) a theoretical genetic problem that has never been observed D) genetic disease that can be treated if caught early adolescence E) lethal dominant gene that doesn't express its lethality until well into adult age range

E) lethal dominant gene that doesn't express its lethality until well into adult age range

Recessive genetic traits A. are always expressed in males, if linked to the X chromosome B. may have no adverse health effects C. are only expressed in homozygotes if part of an autosomal genetic code D. maybe expressed if parents are heterozygous for the trait E. all of the above

E. all of the above

The study of the DNA located within the chromosomes of the nulcei of human cells is called A. developmental science B. gestational science C. human environmentalism D. Mendellian theory E. genetics

E. genetics