Chapter 29 Quiz Attempt 1 Corrections

Which of the following statements made by an EMT indicates an understanding of facial anatomy and injuries?

"The only movable bone making up the face is the mandible."

You are suspicious that a male patient who was ejected from a motorcycle may have a basilar skull fracture. As you conduct your secondary assessment, which one of the following findings reinforces this suspicion?

Clear fluid coming from the right ear and left nostril

Your patient was driving a classic car, restrained with only a lap belt, when he collided head-on into a tree. He is responsive and complaining of neck and back pain. What type of spinal injury might you suspect?

Distraction

Which of the following systems includes the pairs of nerves that enter and exit the spinal cord between each pair of vertebrae?

Peripheral nervous system

A woman has fallen from a second-story window onto the concrete sidewalk below. She is unresponsive and has a large depression to the back and top of her skull. Additional findings include abdominal bruising and an angulated left ankle. Your partner reports that the patient's vital signs are: pulse 68, respirations 14 and irregular, blood pressure 198/110 mmHg, and SpO2 91%. Based on these assessment findings, which one of the following should the EMT recognize?

Severe head injury with increasing pressure within the skull

A car strikes a tree, causing the passenger to strike his forehead against the dashboard. After the impact, the brain bounces back and forth within the skull. Based on the anatomy and physiology of the skull, which one of the following is true?

The ridges of the basilar skull can injure the brain as it moves back and forth.

A young female was injured in an automobile wreck, striking her head on the windshield. She is unconscious and her breathing is irregular. She is bleeding from a scalp wound, but your assessment shows that her cranium is intact. Her vital signs are pulse 68, blood pressure 148/90, and her pupils are unequal. You should suspect a(n):

closed head injury.

During an altercation, an intoxicated male was cut with a sharp knife. Assessment reveals a laceration, oozing dark red blood, across the right eyelid down to the right cheek. It also appears that the patient's eye was cut with the knife, reinforced by the complaint of eye pain and collection of blood in the sclera. The EMT would:

cover the eye with a sterile dressing soaked in saline.

While transporting a 38-year-old female who fell from a second-story window, you note that she is becoming confused and her pulse rate is increasing. Additionally, her blood pressure has dropped and her skin is now cool and clammy. Based on these assessment findings you would recognize:

hypovolemic shock.

A young female pedestrian was hit by a car and thrown 15 feet, striking her head against a metal guardrail. You start your secondary assessment and note a deep depression to the right parietal area of her head with intact skin overlying the area. You should:

note the injury and continue assessing the patient.

Your patient is a 16-year-old centerfielder on his high school baseball team. He was injured when he and the left fielder collided trying to catch a fly ball. He is disoriented and is unable to tell you what happened. His vital signs are pulse 88, blood pressure 132/86, respiratory rate 16, and pupils equal. As you assess his head, you do not see any cuts or bleeding, but you feel a spongy, depressed area over his left ear. You should suspect a(n):

open head injury.

You are on the scene of a motor vehicle accident. Your patient is the driver of a vehicle that lost control on a slick road and struck a tree. She is conscious and alert. Her seat belt is still on and the airbag deployed. Given that she has no major complaints and your primary assessment reveals a stable patient, which of the following best describes your extrication of this patient?

Apply a cervical collar and short spine immobilization device before removing to a long backboard.

You have been called for an 87-year-old male who fell in his kitchen while making breakfast. He states that he did hit his forehead but managed to catch himself on the way down and did not hit the ground hard. Your assessment reveals him to have kyphosis of the thoracic and cervical spine, but no neurological deficits. Which action is appropriate given these assessment findings?

Apply a rigid collar and prepare the patient for any discomfort that the collar may cause.

Which of the following causes worsening of the damage in a brain injury?

Improper management of airway and ventilation

When transporting an unresponsive patient with a traumatic brain injury, which one of the following assessment findings would suggest that the patient is suffering from a herniation of the brain?

There is decorticate flexion of the arms when a shoulder is pinched.