chapter 3 criminal justice
Since 2001, sentencing for white-collar crimes has ______.
become more punitive
The use of 16th-century vagrancy laws to reinforce the rights of the rich is an example of ______ law.
common law
In addition to proving mens rea and actus reus, a prosecutor must also prove ______.
concurrence
Which type of law deals with governmental powers, civil rights, and civil liberties through interpretation of founding documents?
constitutional
Laws that go into effect retroactively and impact sentencing for people who already committed the crimes are called ______ laws.
ex post facto
While Jorge was being assaulted, his perpetrators called him racial slurs and said that was why they were attacking him. Jorge's perpetrators were violating ______ law in addition to the criminal law.
hate crime
Chad is out with his buddies watching a basketball game. He says he does not want to drink alcohol, but while he is in the bathroom, his friend pours vodka into his soda. He later gets pulled over by the police and is charged with driving under the influence (DUI). What defense might Chad claim?
involuntary intoxication
Which statement is true regarding the Victims' Rights Amendment (2013)? It gives victims the right to an attorney. It gives victims the right to be heard at sentencing. It is the 24th Amendment to the Constitution. It gives offenders the right to remain silent.
it gives victims the right to be heard at sentencing
The ideas put forth by Jeremy Bentham differed from those of Cesare Beccaria in that Betham thought ______.
people weighed the costs and benefits of committing crime
An alcohol detection device installed in someone's car to prevent drunk driving after a DUI is an example of ______.
specific deterrence
Which type of law differentiates between simple and aggravated assault?
substantive
The principle that access to justice is denied to no one is characteristic of ______.
the rule of law
Currently, victims in most states have the right to protection from intimidation. true or false
true
If state and federal laws conflict, federal law will most likely overrule state law. true or false
true
Insanity is a term that has been adopted by the legal system. true or false
true
