Chapter 3 Quiz Neurochem

Drinking alcohol before using cocaine will do which of the following? 1 - prolong and intensify cocaine's effects 2 - cancel each other out because one is a stimulant and one is a depressant 3 - create cocaethylene, which increases violent tendencies 4 - create narcalon which decreases the stimulant effects of cocaine

1 and 3 Alcohol prolongs cocaine's effects and increases one's propensity for violence because of the metabolite byproduct cocaethylene. Pgs. 3.12, 3.13

Prolonged use of strong stimulants (e.g. cocaine, methamphetamine) can result in which of the following? 1 - depletion of the body's energy resources 2 - enhancement of the body's energy resources 3 - cellular and organ damage 4 - paranoia

1, 3 and 4 use of the stronger stimulants depletes energy resources, induces paranoia, triggers intense craving, and can cause cellular and organ damage. Pgs. 3.1, 3.5, 3.12, 3.13

Among those who ever try a cigarette, what percent of will become daily habitual smokers?

25% One-fourth of those who ever tried a cigarette became daily habitual users. Pg. 3.46

Formication, the imaginary sensation that hundreds of tiny bugs (e.g. "coke bugs," "meth bugs," or "snow bugs"), are crawling under one's skin,is caused by the visual hallucinogenic effects of stimulants.

False Formication is caused by an imbalance of the sensory neurons, which can result from term or high-dose cocaine and amphetamine use. Pg. 3.15

The high occurrence of ADHD among adolescents in treatment for substance abuse disorders, is in part attributed to their use of drugs to self-medicate ADHD symptoms.

True Pg. 3.30

According to researchers, a person who smokes cigarettes is 22 times more likely to use cocaine than a nonsmoker.

True For reasons yet to be understood, a person who smokes cigarettes is 22 times more likely to use cocaine than a nonsmoker. See research by Schmitz DeLaune, 2005. Pg. 3.16

Heavy prolonged use of stimulants can induce a schizophrenic like psychosis.

True Pgs. 3.6, 3.7, 3.15

Out of all of the stimulants, the strongest physical and mental dependency develops from in tobacco.

True. Strongest dependence, both physical and mental, develops with tobacco. Pg. 3.7

Which of the following best describes how the first cigarette of the day affects a smoker?

increases their blood pressure and heart rate it increases their heart rate and blood pressure, decreases their appetite and temporarily satisfies nicotine cravings for a few hours only. Pg. 3.43

Continued smoking to avoid the negative effects of nicotine withdrawal is known as

negative drug reinforcement. use of a drug, in this case nicotine, to avoid negative effects of withdrawal is known as drug reinforcement. Pg. 3.45

The high from a typical oral or snorted (insufflated) dose of amphetamine will generally last for...

4 to 6 hours The duration of action of amphetamines generally last four to six hours. Pg. 3.25

Which of the following best describes one of the health benefits of quitting smoking?

Within just 20 minutes of quitting, blood pressure, pulse rate and temperature of hands/feet drop to normal. Within just 20 minutes of quitting, blood pressure, pulse rate and temperature of hands/feet drop to normal. Pg. 3.50

Which form and method of using cocaine produces the most intense immediate high?

smoking crack cocaine Smoking crack cocaine results in being absorbed through the lungs reaching the brain in only 5 to 8 seconds compared with the 15 to 30 seconds it takes when injected into a vein. Pg. 3.11

Long-term use of stimulants (e.g. nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine ) has the most significant impact on which part of the body?

the cardiovascular system Affects the circulatory system by direct contact (due to receptors directly on the heart and the blood vessels) and by its effect on the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system in the brain. Pgs. 3.6, 3.13

When a stimulant drug wears off and the body withdraws from the extra energy produced by the drug which of the following occurs? 1 - the user becomes exhausted 2 - emotional depression sets in 3 - the user becomes hyperactive 4 - extreme confidence sets in

1 and 2 1 and 2 are correct. Even moderate withdrawal of a drug results in the mind and body experiencing the opposing effects of the drug. Pgs. 3.5, 3.12, 3.25

The high from snorting (insufflation) a typical dose of powder cocaine (0.2-0.5 grams) will generally last for...

40 to 60 minutes Page 3.20

Stimulants force the release of which of the following neurotransmitters to infuse the body with lots of extra energy before the body needs it? 1 - serotonin 2 - epinephrine 3 - dopamine 4 - norepinephrine

All of the above All four are released Pg. 3.5

Regardless of their degree of strength all stimulants affect the body in which of the following ways... 1 - increase the brain's electrical activity 2 - increase the brain's chemical activity 3 - increase central nervous systems activity 4 - increase peripheral nervous systems activity

All of the above All of the above. Pg. 3.5

Tolerance to stimulant drugs is caused by the brain's creation of more dopamine and more dopamine receptors, which increases the drug's rewarding effects.

False Related to the brain's adaptation to dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, which diminishes the drug's rewarding effects. Pg. 3.14

Methamphetamine and cocaine are the most widely used stimulant drugs in the world. English

False. Caffeine, khat and betel nut are the top 4 stimulants used worldwide Pg. 3.2