Chapter 3 - Study Guide

Some groceries are placed in a deep freezer that is set at 18F. What is this temperature in Celsius? (Math problem)

-7.8

Convert 68852 millijoules into Calories. (Write your answer in the decimal form. Do not include units in your answer).

0.016456

On a cold day the atmospheric temperature is reported as 12.9F. What is this temperature in Kelvin? (Please note that the constant 273.15 is an exact number).

263

The rusting of iron is due to its reaction with oxygen. An iron nail weighing 8.531 g was left outdoors for a period of one year. After the one year it was found to have a mass of 12.197 g. How many grams of oxygen did the nail react with? (Solve using Math and check sig. fig.)

3.666

chemical change

A change in matter that produces one or more new substances

homogeneous mixture

A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture Ex: coffee and sugar

Element

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom and it cannot be broken any further.

If the monthly electricity consumption of a household is 6,619 kWh, what is this consumption expressed in kJ? A. 2.38 x 10^7 kJ B. 1.84 kJ C. 2.38 x 10^10 kJ D. 1.84 x 10^-6 kJ

A. 2.38 x 10^7 kJ

What is the value of 98 °F in units of °C? A. 37 B. 72 C. 45 D. 35 E. 46

A. 37

What is the properties of a solid? A. Atoms are closer to each other, has definite shape and definite volume. B. Atoms are closer to each other, has indefinite shape and definite volume. C. Atoms are far from each other and has no definite shape or volume.

A. Atoms are closer to each other, has definite shape and definite volume.

Which of the following is a physical property? A. The ordor of Spearmint Gum. B. The Combustion of gasoline. C. The corrosive action of acid rain on granite. D. The tarnishing of a copper statue.

A. The odor of spearmint gum.

In an exothermic reaction: A. The surroundings absorb heat from the reaction mixture. B. The surroundings release heat to the reaction mixture. C. Both the reaction mixture and the surroundings release heat. D. None of the above.

A. The surroundings absorb heat from the reaction mixture.

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space

How many Joules are there in a 255 Calorie snack bar? A. 2.55x10^5 B. 1.07x10^3 C. 6.09x10^4 D. 1.07x10^6 E. None of the Above.

B. 1.07x10^3

Thermal energy is: A. Consists of both potential and kinetic energy. B. A form of kinetic energy. C. A form of potential energy. D. All of the above

B. A form of kinetic energy

What is the properties of a liquid? A. Atoms are closer to each other, has definite shape and definite volume. B. Atoms are closer to each other, has indefinite shape and definite volume. C. Atoms are far from each other and has no definite shape or volume.

B. Atoms are closer to each other, has indefinite shape and definite volume.

When table salt is placed in water and stirred it dissolves and a clear liquid is obtained. This process is a: A. Chemical change. B. Physical change. C. Both a physical and chemical change. D. All of the above.

B. Physical change.

Which of the following is an element: A. Brass B. Zinc C. Steel D. Bronze

B. Zinc

atoms

Building blocks of matter

Which of the following statements is true about a compound? A. A compound is always made up of different types of atoms bonded together in proportions that may vary. B. A compound is always made up of the same type of elements bonded together in fixed proportions. C. A compound is always made up of different types of atoms bonded together in proportions that are fixed. D. All of the above.

C. A compound is always made up of different types of atoms bonded together in proportions that are fixed.

What is the properties of a gas? A. Atoms are closer to each other, has definite shape and definite volume. B. Atoms are closer to each other, has indefinite shape and definite volume. C. Atoms are far from each other and has no definite shape or volume.

C. Atoms are far from each other and has no definite shape or volume.

Which of the state of matter is compressible? A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gas

C. Gas are the only state of matter that can be compressed.

Which of the following items is a pure substance? A. Air B. Coffee C. Ice D. Seawater E. Brass

C. Ice

In an endothermic reaction: A. The energy of the reactants is higher than the energy of the products. B. The products are more stable than the reactants. C. The energy of the reactants is lower than the energy of the products. D. None of the above.

C. The energy of the reactants is lower than the energy of the products.

Which of the following items is a chemical property? A. The pain color on a new red Corvette. B. The melting and boiling point of water. C. The tarnishing of a copper statue. D. The odor of spearmint gum. E. None of the above.

C. The tarnishing of copper statue

If you hold a solid piece of pure gallium metal in your hand, your body heat will melt the gallium into its liquid form. This illustrates which of the following? A. Distillation. B. Chemical property. C. Physical Change. D. Chemical Change. E. None of the above.

C. physical Change.

Which of the following is a physical property? A. Boiling point B. Density C. Temperature D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which Among the Following statements is FALSE? A. A solid has a definite shape and definite volume. B. A liquid has a definite volume but not definite shape. C. A gas has neither definite volume or definite shape. D. Both solids and liquids are incompressible while gases are compressible. E. None of the Above

E. None of the Above.

Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture? A. Milk. B. Air. C. Coffee. D. Sugar Water. E. Raisin Bran

E. Raisin Bran

physical property

a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance

heterogeneous mixture

a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout. Ex: Oil and water

pure substance

a substance composed of only one type of atom or molecule

Mixture

composed of two or more different types of atoms or molecules combines in variable proportion.

What are the two types of pure substance?

elements and compounds

What are the two types of mixtures?

homogeneous and heterogeneous

physical change

matter changes its appearance but not its composition

What are the three states of matter?

solid, liquid, gas

laws of conservation of mass

states that matter can be neither created nor destroyed, during physical and chemical changes the total amount of matter remains constant.

chemical property

the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change. Ex: gasoline burning

molecules

two or more atoms joined together