Chapter 3 Study Guide Physical Science

Two billiard balls having the same mass roll toward each other at the same speed. What is the net momentum of the two-ball system?

0 kg∙m/s

A ball is moving at 4 m/s and has a momentum of 48 kg∙m/s. What is the ball's mass?

12 kg

A 1000-kg car moving at 10 m/s that brakes to a stop in 5 s has an average braking force of

2000 N.

A 4-kg ball has a momentum of 12 kg∙m/s. What is the ball's speed?

3 m/s

A 5000-kg freight car crashes into a 10,000-kg freight car at rest. They couple upon collision and move with a speed of 2 m/s. What was the initial speed of the 5000-kg freight car?

6 m/s

The impulse-momentum relationship is a direct result of

Newton's second law

The conservation of momentum is closely related to

Newton's third law

Which of the following has the largest momentum relative to Earth?

a pickup truck speeding along a highway

Whereas impulse involves the time that a force acts, work involves the

distance that a force acts.

A freight train rolls along a track with considerable momentum. If it rolls at the same speed but has twice as much mass, its momentum is

doubled

The force that accelerates a rocket in outer space is exerted on the rocket by the

exhaust gases

If a charging rhinoceros has momentum, it must also have

kinetic energy

An object may have potential energy because of its

location

When you are in the way of a fast-moving object and can't get escape, you will suffer a smaller force if the collision time is

long

An object in motion will continue in motion with

momentum

It is correct to say that impulse is equal to

the change in momentum