Chapter 3: Texas in the Federal System

Match each responsibility with the correct level of government.

National -Coin money -Deliver mail -Regulate interstate commerce -Oversee foreign relations -Protect intellectual property State -Making laws concerning voter registration -Create standards for professions -Regulate family law -Set education standards

Initially implemented by Richard Nixon,_____attempted to give states more leeway in spending through_____grants.

New Federalism; block

The increased significance of the Tenth Amendment and deference to an expanded view of states' rights stems most from which of the following origins?

A more conservative majority that emerged on the Supreme Court

How much more federal funding per capita did Texas receive in 2021 than it did in 2012?

About the same

Which factor prompted a shift of national and state governments toward cooperative federalism?

As the nation began to face more complex problems in the 1930s and 1940s, multiple levels of government were required to step in.

True or False: The national government was stronger under the Articles of Confederation than it is under the Constitution.

False

In 1990, Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which required states to retrofit public areas to be accessible to individuals with disabilities without offering any federal funds to pay for it. This is an example of which of the following?

CORRECT -Coercive federalism -Federal Preemption -An unfunded mandate INCORRECT -Block grant -Categorical grant

In the early years of the American republic,_______established a broad view of the ability of Congress to regulate the economic interactions within the nation, while______ built a foundation for expanding powers of Congress to carry out the specific authorities it had been granted in the Constitution

Gibbons v. Ogden; McCulloch v. Maryland

In general terms, how did Chief Justice John Marshall treat issues of federalism in his Supreme Court rulings?

He tended to expand the national government's powers relative to the states

Why do many scholars insist that the Fourteenth Amendment is the most important amendment added to the Constitution, outside of the amendments in the Bill of Rights?

It opened the door for the Bill of Rights to be applied to the states as needed

President_____ originated the thinking that led to New Federalism, but the most significant changes associated with New Federalism were made under the administration of President_______

Richard Nixon; Bill Clinton -The era of New Federalism didn't end cooperative federalism programs; it just added a new set of programs and political thinking that led to the reform of some government programs and creation of new ones.

The changes in the number of voting locations and the new voter ID law are most likely connected to which Supreme Court case?

Shelby County, Alabama v. Holder

Washington's view stated in the excerpt can best be characterized as a key idea for supporting which part of the Constitution?

Supremacy Clause -Solved the problem Washington saw with states' disregard for the national government and disrespect for each other

Many Texas leaders often praise the small-government and low-tax values of the state and criticize the federal government for its tax policies and extensive aid programs. Examine the information in the chart to determine which statement best captures the problem with this praise and critique.

Texas relies on federal money for nearly one-third of all the money it spends in the state budget

Though the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program (DACA) enjoys generally broad public support, the state of Texas and other states have filed numerous cases against the federal government to end the program's protections by making which claim?

The creation of the program by executive order(President Obama) was a constitutional overreach -DACA protects nearly 800,000 individuals in the United States, including 100,000 in Texas, from deportation if they can pass a background check, pay a registration fee, prove they were educated in the United States, maintain employment, and pay income taxes—requirements that enjoy broad support among Americans.

Which of the following is responsible for border enforcement and development of immigration policies?

The federal Government alone

What is the most likely goal of this excerpt from President Johnson's speech?

To justify action in addressing state-level discrimination -Before signing the Civil Rights Act of 1964 in which he made the case to the nation that federal action by Congress and the president were warranted because of the long and continuing history of racial discrimination in many American states.

What was the purpose of New Federalism according to Presidents Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan?

To promote an expansive view on state autonomy -Founded on a belief that state and local governments are more in tune with the issues and priorities of residents, which allows them to use money more effectively for policies and programs.

Which of the following best describes the overall historical trend of the United States federal system?

Toward a stronger national government -Based on the ideas laid out in the opinions of Chief Justice John Marshall and a growing need for uniform policies in the face of economic, political, social, and technological challenges.