Chapter 3- The Roman Catholic Church in Medieval Europe
The Roman Catholic Church
All Christians in Western Europe belonged to which church?
Traveled, prayed, begged, and cared for the sick and poor
How did Friars spend their time?
Went to church 8 times a day, copied religious texts, prayed, study, and farmed
How did Monks spend their time?
Church officials were often the only people who could read
How did the Roman Catholic Church come to wield great political power?
Leadership and stability
How did the Roman Catholic Church play a vital role in society after the fall of Rome?
Persecuted for their beliefs
How had Christians been treated before Constantine's actions?
The largest land holder
How was the Roman Catholic Church able to acquire power by 1050?
Baptism, Eucharist, Extreme Unction, Confirmation, Holy Orders, Penance, and Matrimony
What are the seven Catholic sacraments?
Baptism, Eucharist, Extreme unction, confirmation, holy orders, penance, matrimony
What are the seven sacraments?
Traveled by foot, so robbers were a constant threat
What challenges did pilgrims face on their journeys?
Bridged the gap between reason and faith
What did Thomas Aquinas try to do?
Grammar, logic, geometry, arithmetic, astronomy, and music
What did students at universities study?
Issued a decree allowing Christians to practice their religion freely
What id the Roman emperor Constantine do for Christians?
Pope, Cardinals, Archbishops, Bishops
What is the Social Pyramid of the Roman Catholic Church?
Jerusalem, Rome, and Cantebury
What places did Christian pilgrims travel to when they made their pilgrimages?
Poverty, charity, and obedience
What promises/sacrafices did Monks make to join the order?
Faith, charity, love to god, and lived in complete poverty
What promises/sacrafices did friars make to join the order?
Grammar, logic, geometry, arithmetic, astronomy, and music
What subjects did students study at university?
Birth and resurrection of Jesus and Christian saints
What type of things did Christian holidays celebrate?
The Church
What was at the center of nearly every community?
Henry begged for forgiveness and was readmitted to the Church
What was so significant about Henry's actions in the outcome of the dispute?
Henry called that Gregory was no longer a pope. In response, Gregory excommunicated Henry
What was the dispute that took place between Pope Gregory and the emperor Henry?
Entry way to heaven
What was the purpose of the sacraments?
Attended church services, feasts, bonfires, acrobats, jugglers, dancing bears, and plays
What were some of the ways in which people celebrated religious holidays?
Series of military expeditions to the land where Jesus had lived
What were the Crusades?
Developed a new form of writing and started universities
What were two advances in education?
Pilgrimages and Crusades
What were two extraordinary acts of devotion that an individual could do to show their faith?
Traveled among the people
Where did Friars live?
Dormintories in Monastaries
Where did Monks live?
Holy day
Where does the word "holiday" come from?
Man who developed the monastic way of life in western Europe
Who was Saint Benedict?
An Italian scholar of philosophy and theology
Who was Thomas Aquinas?
Might lead people to question its teachings
Why did Church leaders fear Aristotle's ideas?
Recover Jerusalem and other sites of pilgrimage in that region
Why did European Christians organize the crusades?
Show their devotion to god, as an act of penance for their sins, and in hopes of being cured of an illness
Why did pilgrims make such journeys?
Helped people worship because most people couldn't read
Why was most art in the Middle Ages religious in nature.