Chapter 33 face and neck trauma

Alkali or strong acid burns to the eye should be irrigated continuously for at least ___ minutes.

20

Which of the following statements regarding anisocoria is correct?

Anisocoria is a condition in which the pupils are unequal.

Which of the following bones is part of the cranial vault AND the face?

Ethmoid

What two major nerves provide sensory and motor control to the face?

Facial and trigeminal

Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the muscles that cause motion of the eyeballs and upper eyelids?

Oculomotor

Which of the following is the MOST significant complication associated with a fractured nasal bone?

Posterior epistaxis

If a knife is impaled in the neck

a cricothyrotomy may be required to establish a patent airway.

If you are unable to orotracheally intubate a patient due to massive maxillofacial trauma and severe oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal bleeding, you would MOST likely have to perform

a needle or surgical cricothyrotomy

Appropriate management for a patient with severe epistaxis, tachycardia, and diaphoresis following an injury to the face includes

administering enough IV crystalloid fluids to maintain adequate perfusion

Appropriate management for a patient with severe epistaxis, tachycardia, and diaphoresis following an injury to the face includes:

administering enough IV crystalloid fluids to maintain adequate perfusion.

Significant blunt injuries to the larynx or trachea pose an IMMEDIATE risk of:

airway compromise

The primary risk associated with oral and dental injuries is:

airway compromise

Following blunt trauma to the face, a 30-year-old man presents with epistaxis, double vision, and an inability to look upward. You should be MOST suspicious of:

an orbital blowout fracture

When caring for a patient with fractured or avulsed teeth following an assault, you should:

assess the knuckles of the person who assaulted the patient

When managing the airway of an unresponsive patient with serious anterior neck trauma and shallow breathing, you should:

assist ventilations with a bag-mask device and prepare to intubate

The large cartilaginous external portion of the ear is called the

auricle

Hyphema is defined as

blood in the anterior chamber of the eye.

Hyphema is defined as:

blood in the anterior chamber of the eye.

You are caring for a man with a chemical burn to both eyes. The patient, who has contact lenses in place, is in severe pain and tells you that he can't see. Proper care for this patient includes:

carefully removing his contact lenses, flushing both eyes for at least 20 minutes, and transporting with continuous eye irrigation

The ONLY indication for removing contact lenses in the prehospital setting is:

chemical eye burns.

General care for an eye injury involves:

covering both eyes to minimize further injury

During an explosion, a 42-year-old construction worker sustained a large laceration to the lateral aspect of his neck when he was struck by a piece of flying debris. The patient is conscious, but complains of difficulty hearing. In addition to protecting his spine, you should be MOST concerned with:

covering the laceration with an occlusive dressing and controlling the bleeding

Blood supply to the face is provided primarily through the:

external carotid artery

The hyoid bone:

floats in the superior aspect of the neck just below the mandible.

A patient with a dysconjugate gaze following an ocular injury:

has discoordination between the movements of both eyes.

Motor function to the muscles of the tongue is provided by the ___________ nerve.

hypoglossal

Because significant force is required to fracture the mandible:

it is often fractured in more than one place and is unstable to palpation

The __________ is a cone-shaped fossa that encloses and protects the eye.

orbit

When caring for a patient with a seemingly isolated ear injury, you should:

perform a careful assessment to detect or rule out more serious injuries

When assessing a patient with maxillofacial trauma, it is MOST important to:

protect the cervical spine and monitor the patient's neurologic status.

Vascular injury following trauma to the anterior neck would MOST likely present with:

pulse deficits

A patient with a loss of peripheral vision MOST likely has damage to the:

retina

A conscious but combative patient with severe facial trauma is fully immobilized on a backboard. During your assessment, the patient begins coughing up large amounts of blood. You suction his oropharynx, but his mouth quickly refills with blood. You should

roll the backboard on its side, suction his oropharynx, and prepare to perform pharmacologically assisted intubation.

Proper treatment for an open wound to the neck includes:

sealing the wound with an occlusive dressing.

Open soft-tissue facial trauma following a significant mechanism of injury:

suggests that the patient may have a closed head injury or spinal injury

A flattened appearance to the face and loss of sensation over the cheek following blunt facial trauma is MOST indicative of a(n):

zygomatic fracture.