Chapter 34 - the school-age child and family (evolve)

The nurse should teach volunteers in the after-school program that which characteristic is most descriptive of the social development of school-age children? Identification with peers is minimal. Children frequently have "best friends." Peer approval is not yet an influence toward conformity. Boys and girls play equally well with children of either gender.

Children frequently have "best friends."

What information should the nurse include when giving parents guidelines about helping their children in school? Punish children who fail to perform adequately Help children as much as possible with their homework Accept responsibility for children's successes and failures Communicate with teachers if there appears to be a problem

Communicate with teachers if there appears to be a problem

A 6-year-old child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is brought to the hospital with reports of weight loss and loss of appetite. The child has been on the psychostimulant methylphenidate (Ritalin) for the past few months. The child has shown improvement in school since taking the medication. What is the most appropriate instruction given to the parents? "Give the medication with a meal." "Stop the medication immediately." "Give a nutritious snack in morning." "Reduce the dose of the medication."

Give the medication with a meal."

The nurse is working with the parents of an 8-year-old child and discovers that the child has bedtime problems. The nurse instructs the parents to encourage a quiet activity before bedtime. Why does the nurse recommend this intervention? The child often wets the bed. The child snores during sleep. The child does not go to sleep. The child talks in his or her sleep.

The child does not go to sleep.

Parents report to the school nurse that their child is hesitant to play with other kids in school. During the assessment, the nurse instructs the parents to avoid giving high-calorie foods to their child. What condition is the nurse helping the parents control? The child has gained too much weight. The child watches too much television. The child spends a lot of time sleeping. The child received low grades in school.

The child has gained too much weight.

A 10-year-old boy reports vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain for the past couple of days. The child does not go to school because of these symptoms. However, the child is usually healthy on weekends and whenever allowed to stay at home. On examination the nurse finds that the child's temperature is mildly elevated. What does the nurse inform the parents? The child needs to be put on antibiotic treatment for a high temperature. The child should be allowed to stay at home for as long as the child wants. The child most likely has gastroenteritis and needs admission into a hospital. The child has school phobia, which is the likely reason for the child's presentation.

The child has school phobia, which is the likely reason for the child's presentation.

A 9-year-old child is put on tricyclic antidepressants for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). How does the nurse advise the parents of this child? The child should be advised to limit physical exercise. The child should have a dental checkup done regularly. The child should be encouraged to have plenty of oral fluids. The child should have limited intake of refined carbohydrates. The child should be referred to a cardiologist at the earliest date possible.

The child should have a dental checkup done regularly. The child should be encouraged to have plenty of oral fluids. The child should have limited intake of refined carbohydrates.

The nurse is giving information about latchkey children to a group of nursing students. What information does the nurse include in the session? A majority of these children develop paranoid schizophrenia when they grow older. These are children who have chronic illnesses and are left alone to care for themselves. These are children who are left to care for themselves unsupervised before or after school. These children may use hiding or playing television at a loud volume to cope with their own fears. These children are more likely to feel lonely and isolated than those who have someone to care for them.

These are children who are left to care for themselves unsupervised before or after school. These children may use hiding or playing television at a loud volume to cope with their own fears. These children are more likely to feel lonely and isolated than those who have someone to care for them.

The school nurse is called to attend to a 7-year-old child whose tooth is avulsed while playing. The nurse finds the avulsed tooth on the ground. What is the most appropriate step taken by the nurse? Transport the child immediately to a dentist for further care Hold the tooth by its root and rinse it in running water to wash off dirt Dispose of the tooth and apply a dressing on the wound to prevent infection Insert the tooth back into the socket with the concave surface facing front towards the lip side

Transport the child immediately to a dentist for further care

During an assessment, the nurse finds that a child is depressed, frightened, and has low grades in school. By which age-group do children usually worry about school grades? 5 and 6 years of age 6 and 7 years of age 7 and 8 years of age 8 and 9 years of age

8 and 9 years of age

The school nurse has asked a group of 8-year-old children to write a sentence about what they have learned from the class regarding bicycle safety. Which statement indicates the need for further teaching in the children? "Always keep as close to the curb as possible." "Always ride with traffic and towards parked cars." "Stay in a single file when riding bikes with friends." "Walk bikes across busy streets only at crosswalks."

"Always ride with traffic and towards parked cars."

A parent expresses to the nurse that the parents delayed sending their child to school because the child did not want to leave home. What information should the nurse give to the parent to improve the child's adaptability to school? "Provide special care and a lot of attention to the child at home after school." "Let the child be at home until the child feels comfortable attending the school." "Enroll the child as well as the child's best friend in the school at the same time." "I know it is hard to see your child mature, but you need to let your child go to school."

"I know it is hard to see your child mature, but you need to let your child go to school."

Parents reports to the nurse that their 12-year-old child resists going to bed at night. Which advice does the nurse give to the parents to help the child go to bed on time? "Promote daytime naps on a daily basis." "Promote reading a book before bedtime." "Urge video game playing before bedtime." "Allow the child to go to bed at a later time."

"Promote reading a book before bedtime."

The nurse is assessing a healthy 8-year-old child. The nurse notices that the child's height is 130 cm (51 inches). What was the child's approximate height in centimeters at 7 years of age? Record your answer using a whole number.

125 cm

The nurse is assessing a child during a checkup and notes the child has all permanent teeth and is a healthy weight for his age. What would be the approximate weight of the child? 16 to 26.3 kg (35.5 to 58 pounds) 17.7 to 30 kg (39 to 66.5 pounds) 19.5 to 39.5 kg (43 to 87 pounds) 24.5 to 58 kg (54 to 128 pounds)

24.5 to 58 kg (54 to 128 pounds)

The nurse plans to use tasks based on the concept of conservation to assess the cognitive development of a 5-year-old child. What is the appropriate method used by the nurse? Asking the child to differentiate the weight of two similar things Asking the child to determine the area occupied by two objects Asking the child to compare two differently sized glasses of water Asking the child to find the volume occupied by three or more objects

Asking the child to compare two differently sized glasses of water

The nurse plans to use tasks based on the concept of conservation to assess the cognitive development of a 5-year-old child. What is the appropriate method used by the nurse? Asking the child to differentiate the weight of two similar things Asking the child to determine the area occupied by two objects Asking the child to compare two differently sized glasses of water Asking the child to find the volume occupied by three or more objects

Asking the child to compare two differently sized glasses of water

The nurse is teaching a community health-promotion class to parents and school-age children related to bicycle safety. Issues to cover in the sessions include what? Bicycles should be walked through busy intersections. Bicycle helmets need to be worn only if the child is planning to ride in traffic. Reflectors should be installed only on bicycles that are to be ridden at night. Bicycles should be ridden against the traffic so that the rider can see the car

Bicycles should be walked through busy intersections.

The community nurse is educating a group of parents about sleep and rest requirements of school-age children. What information does the nurse provide? Children 5 years of age need approximately 11 hours of sleep a night. Children 6 years of age should be encouraged to read before bed time. Children 7 years of age should be encouraged to read before bed time. Children 12 years of age need approximately 6 hours of sleep per night. School-aged children need to have 1- to 2- hour long good naps per day.

Children 5 years of age need approximately 11 hours of sleep a night. Children 6 years of age should be encouraged to read before bed time. Children 7 years of age should be encouraged to read before bed time.

The nurse is teaching the importance of dental health to a group of parents in the community. Which points does the nurse emphasize in order to prevent dental caries in children? Do not let the child have too much sleep Decrease excessive fat intake in the diet Demonstrate how to correctly brush their teeth Teach children how to correctly floss their teeth Reduce the intake of fermentable carbohydrates

Demonstrate how to correctly brush their teeth Teach children how to correctly floss their teeth Reduce the intake of fermentable carbohydrates

Parents of a 12-year-old child inform the nurse that their child prefers spending more time with friends rather than with family members. What should the nurse inform the child's parents? "During this age, children do not like social gatherings." "During this age, children avoid interacting with others." "During this age, children enjoy the company of their peers." "During this age, children are more focused on their studies."

During this age, children enjoy the company of their peers."

What do nursing interventions to promote health during middle childhood include? Stressing the need for increased calorie intake to meet increased demands Instructing parents to defer questions about sex until the child reaches adolescence Advising parents that the child will need decreasing amounts of rest toward the end of this period Educating the child and parents to the need for good dental hygiene because these are the years in which permanent teeth erupt

Educating the child and parents to the need for good dental hygiene because these are the years in which permanent teeth erupt

The parents tell the nurse that their child experiences dizziness during the school day. The child does not have this symptom during weekends. The nurse assesses the child and asks the parents to observe the child for symptoms over the holidays. What does the nurse suspect the child to have? Sleep disorder Learning disability Impulsive disorder Fear about school

Fear about school

The school nurse knows that which attribute is characteristic of the psychosocial development of school-age children? Peer approval is not yet a motivating power. A developing sense of initiative is very important. Motivation comes from extrinsic rather than intrinsic sources. Feelings of inferiority or lack of worth can be derived from children themselves or from the environment.

Feelings of inferiority or lack of worth can be derived from children themselves or from the environment.

A parent phones the nurse and says that her child just knocked out a permanent tooth. What should the nurse's instructions to the parent include? Rinsing the tooth in hot water Taking the child and tooth to a dentist within 48 hours Holding the tooth by the crown and not by the root area Taking the child to the hospital emergency room if mouth is bleeding

Holding the tooth by the crown and not by the root area

A parent tells the nurse, "I am worried about my 13-year-old son. He hasn't started puberty, and my daughter did when she was 11 years of age." The nurse should explain to this parent that this is what? Unusual and requires further evaluation of the son Unusual because the onset of pubescence is usually the same in siblings Normal because the onset of pubescence is usually earlier in girls than it is in boys Abnormal because the onset of pubescence is usually earlier in boys than it is in girls

Normal because the onset of pubescence is usually earlier in girls than it is in boys

The nurse is teaching a student nurse about the growth and development in school-age children. The nurse states that there are few prominent changes that can be found in the school-age child as compared to a preschooler. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching? Permanent teeth appear too large for the face. Excess fat deposition provides a bulky appearance. Head circumference decreases in relation to height. Leg length increases in relation to the child's height. Calorie needs are smaller due to low physical activity.

Permanent teeth appear too large for the face. Head circumference decreases in relation to height. Leg length increases in relation to the child's height.

A parent of a 7-year-old girl reports that the girl spends most of her time alone at home. The girl does not like to play with boys and needs help with eating at the dining table. The girl copies the shape of a diamond correctly when asked to do so by the nurse. What is the most appropriate step taken next by the nurse? - Refer the girl to a pediatrician - Refer the girl to a psychiatrist - Reexamine her after observation - Reassure the parent that she is fine

Reassure the parent that she is fine

The parents of an 8-year-old girl tell the nurse that their daughter wants to join a soccer team. The nurse's suggestions regarding participation in sports at this age should include what? Organized sports such as soccer are not appropriate at this age. Competition is detrimental to the establishment of a positive self-image. Sports participation is encouraged if the sport is appropriate to the child's abilities. Girls should compete only against girls because at this age boys are larger and have more muscle mass.

Sports participation is encouraged if the sport is appropriate to the child's abilities.

During an assessment, the nurse notices that a school-age child is under stress. What signs of stress in the child warrant further investigation? Sucking their thumb Red and flushed face Trouble concentrating Slightly increased heart rate Jittery and flustered behavior

Sucking their thumb Trouble concentrating

At the beginning of the school year, the school nurse identifies several new children at the school. The nurse knows that which factors place the children at high risk for adjustment problems? The child is from a middle class family. The child appears physically immature. The child exhibits signs of emotional immaturity. The child has not attended a preschool program. The parents of a child demonstrate warm, loving behaviors.

The child appears physically immature. The child exhibits signs of emotional immaturity. The child has not attended a preschool program.

The nurse is assessing a child who can count backward from 20 to 1. Based on the child's age, what concepts of conservation is the child able to determine? The child can determine the permanence of an object's mass and volume. The child can select the one face from a chart that is different from the rest. The child can determine that the length is the same if objects placed differently. The child can count marbles placed in different rows and decide whether they are equal.

The child can determine the permanence of an object's mass and volume.

The nurse advises a working single parent to enroll his or her child in an after-school program. What could be the reason behind the nurse's advice? The child may be lonely and fearful. The child fails to have snacks available. The child has a developmental disorder. The child prefers to spend time outdoors.

The child may be lonely and fearful.

The nurse observes that a child is fidgety, restless, and easily distracted. What does the nurse interpret from these symptoms? The child has many of the signs and symptoms of dysgraphia. The child demonstrates characteristics of conversion reaction. The child exhibits signs of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The child may have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

The child may have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Following an assessment, the nurse concludes that the child has a learning disability. Which activities of the child support the conclusion? The child runs useful errands. The child shows trouble listening. The child takes part in group play. The child has difficulty in speaking. The child demonstrates stubborn behavior.

The child shows trouble listening. The child has difficulty in speaking.

The nurse teaches progressive relaxation of muscle groups to a 12-year-old child. Which sign of stress is the nurse likely to find in the child? Calmness Enthusiasm Bradycardia Facial redness

facial redness