Chapter 4

Incentive Theory of Motivation

States that incentives and rewards are the driving forces behind people's choices and behaviors

intrinsic rewards

are emotions or feelings that a person experiences when a goal is achieved.

extrinsic rewards

are material things, incentives, or activities that are awarded when a goal is achieved

Cognitive coping strategies

changing the way a person thinks and perceives stressors

Coping strategies

cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physical strategies used to manage and overcome stressors and difficult situations

what are two forms of motivation

intrinsic and extrinsic

behavioral coping strategies

involve changing patterns or behaviors to address the source of stress

Emotional coping strategies

involves changing the way a person thinks and perceives stress

Stressors

situations or actions that cause stress

Expectancy Theory of Motivation

the degree of motivation is determined by a person's belief in the likelihood, desire, and ability to achieve a specific outcome or goal

motivation

the driving force that moves a person to take action, create plans of action, and persevere to achieve goals

extrinsic motivation

the driving force to take action that comes from incentives outside of oneself

intrinsic motivation

the driving force to take action that comes from within oneself

Physical coping strategies

the use of physical activity to reduce or eliminate a person's response to specific stressors

Goals

well-defined plans of action aimed at achieving specific outcomes or results

intrapersonal intelligence

your inner thoughts, feelings, inspirations, and goals

short-term goal

a well-defined plan of action to achieve a specific result within a length of time ranging from one week to three months

What does "GPS" stand for in GPS strategy?

G--Goal (with a target date and time of completion) P--Purpose (stating importance, relevancy, value) S--Steps (to complete to achieve the outcome)

what are three theories that deal with motivation?

Incentive theory, Expectancy theory, and Maslow's Hierarchy of Basic Needs

Self-fulfilling prophecy

a belief that what one thinks or believes is what will become a reality

Goal organizer

a chart that consists of 6 questions to help plan a course of action to achieve a specific goal

procrastination

a learned behavior that involves putting off or postponing something until a later time

Stress

a reaction or response to events or situations that threaten or disrupt a person's normal patterns or routines

Visualizing success

a strategy to strengthen your self-image and belief in your abilities to behave in a specific way, perform at a desired level, and achieve specific goals

intermediary goal

a subgoal or a stepping stone to a long-term goal, is a well-defined plan of action to achieve a specific result within a time period of one or two years

GPS strategy

a systematic three step goal setting process to create a plan of action to achieve desired outcomes or goals

Maslow's Hierarchy of Basic Needs

a theory that identifies 5 categories of human needs from most basic to most difficult to achieve

Long-term goal

a well-defined plan of action to achieve a specific result after 2 or more years

Immediate goal

a well-defined plan of action to achieve a specific result within a length of time ranging from 1 week to 3 months