Chapter 4 History Test!!! inc.
how did the underground railroad operate?
"conductors" on the routes hid fugitives in secret tunnels and false cupboards, provided them with food and clothing, and escorted or directed them to the next "station" (safe house)
what was the compromise that allowed California to be admitted to the Union
compromise of 1850
franklin pierce
democratic candidate
what led to the breakup of the union and heightened regional tensions?
disagreements over slavery
the kansas-nebraska act
divided the kansas and nebraska area into two territories: nebraska in the north and kansas in the south; repealed the missouri compromise and established popular sovereignty for both territories
fugitive slave act
fugitive slaves were not entitled to a trial by jury annyone convicted of helping a fugitive was liable for a fine of $1000 and imprisonment for up to 6 months
south advantages
king cotton, first rate generals, and higly motivated soldiers
union advantages
more people, more factories, greater food production, and more extensive railroad system
harriet tubman
one of the most famous conductors of the underground railroad who was a former slave and helped over 300 slaves escape; self-educated
how did free soliers differ from abolitionists?
opposed the extension of slavery into the territories and abolitionists wanted to opposed slavery itself; supported racists laws prohibiting settlement by blacks in their communities and denying them the right to vote
harriett bececher stowe
published the novel uncle tom's cabin which stressed that slavery was not just a political contest but also a great moral struggle; expressed hatred for slavery
underground railroad
system of escape routes in which african americans and white abolitionists helped hide fugitive slaves
seccesion
the formal withdrawl of a state from a union
what was the union 3 part plan
the navy would blockade southern ports, so they could neither export cotton nor import much-needed manufactureed goods union riverboats and armies would move down the missipipi river and split the confedracy in two union armies would capture the confederate capital at richmond virginia
where did fugitives most often journey to?
the north or canada
popular sovereignty
the rite to vote for or against slavery
what did the south rely on versus what the north relied on?
the south with its plantation economy relied on an enslaved labor wheras the north relied on its diversified industries
why did southerners want to increase the number of slave states?
they were heavily reliant on enslaved labor
compromise of 1850
to please north - california be admitted to the union as a free state to please south - the compromise proposed a new and more effective fugitive slave law to please both sides - allowed popular sovereignty for residents of the New Mexico and Utah territories
