Chapter 45

A female client reports a grayish-green nipple discharge in one breast. Which additional manifestation corresponds with a diagnosis of ductal ectasia?

Ductal inflammation with thickening

The nurse has taught a 30-year-old female client to perform breast self-evaluation (BSE). Which statement by the client indicates correct understanding?

"I will palpate my breasts for lumps a few days after my period."

Which sexually active woman most likely faces the highest risk of developing an ectopic pregnancy?

A 42-year-old who has decided to try to have one more child and has had her tubal ligation reversed

A client has developed a 5-cm Bartholin cyst and is experiencing pain, tenderness, and dyspareunia. Which treatment regimen is commonly prescribed for this condition? Select all that apply.

Antibiotics Moist heat applications Drainage of cyst

A client has been diagnosed with mastitis. What are appropriate nursing interventions the client should be educated on? Select all that apply.

Apply warmth to affected area Administer mild analgesics like NSAIDs Apply a binder to the breast

An examination of the external genitalia of a female would concentrate on which structures? Select all that apply.

Labia minora Clitoris

A 59-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer has begun a course of hormone therapy. What is the goal of this pharmacologic treatment?

Blocking effects of estrogen on the growth of malignant cells

The health care provider suspects a diagnosis of endometriosis. Which procedure provides a definitive diagnosis?

Laparoscopy

The vulva area is especially prone to skin infections. The nurse knows that this occurs because of:

Constant exposure to secretions and moisture

The nurse in the ER is caring for a client with lower abdominal pain that is greater on the right side and who has light vaginal spotting. When the client's human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level is lower than normal, the nurse plans care for a client with:

Ectopic pregnancy

The nurse working in a fertility clinic is assessing a client's risk for fallopian tube obstruction. Which disorder places the woman at greatest risk for fallopian tube obstruction?

Endometriosis

In assessing a client with a fibroadenoma of the breast, what will the nurse find?

Firm, rubbery masses

The nurse is caring for a client with lichen simplex chronicus. What assessment finding does the nurse expect?

Gray-white plaques with an irregular surface

There are two types of vulvar cancer. One type is found in older women, and one type is found in younger women, generally less than 40 years of age. The type found in younger women is thought to be caused by:

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

An 18-year-old woman presents at the clinic complaining of new-onset breakthrough bleeding, even though she is taking contraceptives. What contraceptive use, along with new-onset breakthrough bleeding, has been associated with pelvic inflammatory disease?

Intrauterine device

A client reporting low abdominal pain, purulent cervical discharge, and painful intercourse is diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The provider educates the client about this disease mentioning which statement?

Is a polymicrobial infection of the upper reproductive tract

The parents of a 9-year-old child ask the nurse for information about quadrivalent human papillomavirus recombinant vaccine. Which information is appropriate for the nurse to provide? Select all that apply.

It is ideally given before the child is sexually active. It prevents a common cause of cervical cancer. It can be given to boys and girls.

A woman reports to the primary healthcare provider that she experiences monthly changes before her menstrual cycle. Which statement demonstrates understanding of premenstrual disorders?

Many women report premenstrual emotional or physical changes.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder and a common cause of chronic anovulation. In addition to the clinical manifestations of PCOS, long-term health problems, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, have been linked to PCOS. What drug has emerged as an important part of PCOS treatment?

Metformin

A client has been diagnosed with acute cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Which clinical manifestation correlates to this diagnosis?

Mucopurulent drainage

Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast that can occur at any time. What is the treatment for mastitis? Select all that apply.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Application of heat or cold

Which disorder of the female genitourinary system is most likely to result from a disruption in normal endocrine function?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

A sexually active 22-year-old woman is visiting her nurse practitioner for a yearly physical. The nurse is performing a Pap smear to assess the potential of cervical cancer. When focusing on the region most susceptible to cancerous transformation, the nurse should prioritize which area?

Transformation zone

Leiomyomas are smooth-muscle fibroid tumors that usually develop in which part of the reproductive system?

The corpus of the uterus

A female client presents to her primary healthcare provider stating, "I have such intense vulvar itching that it is driving me crazy." Which assessment finding correlates with a diagnosis of lichen sclerosus?

Thinning epithelium with introitus scarring

Fibrocystic changes in the breast are not uncommon. How is the diagnosis of fibrocystic changes made?

Ultrasonography and mammography

Ectopic pregnancies are true gynecologic emergencies and are considered the leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester. What diagnostic test would the nurse expect to have ordered for a suspected ectopic pregnancy?

Ultrasonography followed by serial hCG tests

A female client with uterine leiomyomas asks the nurse about her risk of uterine cancer. Which statement best answers the question?

Your leiomyomas may cause heavy periods but will not become cancerous."

An adult client reports persistent vaginal irritation and recurrent infections. In her history the physician notices that she recently has been prescribed antibiotics for a respiratory infection and concludes that it has affected her normal flora by:

causing the vaginal environment to be more alkaline than normal.

When explaining polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to a newly diagnosed client, the health care worker states, "This ovarian dysfunction is caused by:

elevated LH."

A client has been diagnosed with breast cancer following a suspicious mammogram followed by biopsy. The nurse who is planning this client's care should recognize that her prognosis is primarily dependent on the:

extent to which lymph nodes are involved.

The nurse is teaching a client with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) about the condition. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?

"I developed this as a result of a sexually transmitted infection."

A nurse who works in a fertility clinic is conducting a program on options for various fertility issues. The nurse judges that the participants understand the education when they identify that donor eggs are the best option for which woman?

A 42-year-old

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. The nurse understands that about 50% of the women who are diagnosed with PCOS have which problem?

Obesity

A 29-year-old female client has been diagnosed with fibrocystic breasts. The nurse should assess the client for which symptoms associated with fibrotic changes? Select all that apply.

Palpable breast masses that change during the menstrual cycle Breast pain or discomfort

The client has a Bartholin cyst that has developed into an abscess. The nurse explains to the client the plan of care, including which treatments?

A catheter may be inserted to drain the cyst for several weeks.

A 32-year-old is being treated for an abnormal menstrual cycle with excessive bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia, and fertility problems. Which is a possible cause of these symptoms?

A granulosa cell tumor

A 29-year-old client had a Papanicolaou smear performed during her most recent visit to her primary care provider. This diagnostic procedure aims to identify:

Atypical cervix cellular changes

There are many cancers of the female reproductive system. The nursing student knows that the most readily detected and most easily cured cancer—if detected early—is:

Cervical

Which condition would the nurse expect a female client with human papillomavirus (HPV) to exhibit?

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia