Chapter 46 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions

A teenage female client who is being seen in the family medicine clinic for an annual physical exam reports being sexually active. What should the nurse plan to teach the client? Select all that apply. -Importance of being tested for chlamydia infection -Problems with infertility associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) -The development of vaccines to protect against specific human papillomavirus (HPV) strains -The importance of annual PAP smears for early detection of cervical cancer -Information on immunization for herpes simplex

Importance of being tested for chlamydia infection, The development of vaccines to protect against specific human papillomavirus (HPV) strains, The importance of annual PAP smears for early detection of cervical cancer

A older female client has developed some central nervous system symptoms not usually common in her family history. After months of no improvement, the provider ordered blood panels that returned as positive for syphilis. Having been married for decades, the provider suspects tertiary syphilis based on which finding(s)? Select all that apply. -Enlarged cervical lymph nodes -Lack of voluntary coordination resulting in gait abnormality -Kidney stone development -Slowly progressing dementia -Gradual loss of sight

Lack of voluntary coordination resulting in gait abnormality, Slowly progressing dementia, Gradual loss of sight

A client presents with signs and symptoms of candidiasis and is concerned about why this occurs after taking antibiotics. The most appropriate information for the nurse to provide would be: -Antibiotics cause an increase in vaginal glycogen, which promotes candidiasis. -The bacterium is found in the vagina and can overgrow due to poor vaginal hygiene. -The inappropriate use of antibiotics will cause overgrowth of Candida. -Antibiotics suppress the normal protective vaginal flora allowing overgrowth of C. albicans.

Antibiotics suppress the normal protective vaginal flora allowing overgrowth of C. albicans.

The nurse provides prophylactic treatment for a neonate to prevent conjunctival gonorrhea. The nurse is aware that the intervention will reduce the risk of: -Blindness -Genital infection -Pruritus -Urethritis

Blindness

What are the central nervous symptoms associated with tertiary stage syphilis? Select all that apply. -Blindness -Ataxia -Deafness -Dementia -Seizures

Blindness, Ataxia, Dementia

Laboratory analysis of vaginal discharge identifies hyphae on microscopic exam and pH of 4.2. The client most likely has: -T. vaginalis -N. gonorrhoeae -C. trachomatis -C. albicans

C. albicans

The public health nurse is presenting a program on the prevalence of STIs. Which information should be included in the presentation? Select all that apply. -Partners of infected persons are easy to find and treat. -Condoms do not prevent the spread of STIs. -Drugs can manage infections but do not control the spread. -STIs may be asymptomatic. -STIs are only bacterial.

Drugs can manage infections but do not control the spread., STIs may be asymptomatic.

When is syphilis highly contagious? -During its primary stage -Years 3 to 5 of its latent stage -After the characteristic rash disappears -When gummas lesions are observable

During its primary stage

When counseling a client who is 3 months' pregnant and who recently went on a vacation to South America where she received several mosquito bites, the biggest complication the provider should prepare her for is delivering a child with which type(s) of defect? Select all that apply. -Spina bifida -Eye concerns -Bilateral hip dysplasia -Hearing problems -Microcephaly

Eye concerns, Hearing problems, Microcephaly

Which condition is associated with domelike lesions on both the inner thighs and vaginal area that produce a curdlike exudate? -Chancroid -Genital herpes -Molluscum contagiosum -Genital warts

Molluscum contagiosum

A nurse is caring for a client in whom genital herpes is being ruled out. Which information helps to confirm the diagnosis? Select all that apply. -Pustules -Itching -Painful lesions -Pain on urination -Positive urine culture

Pustules, Itching, Painful lesions, Pain on urination

The nurse should assess a client with a history of untreated chlamydia for which potential disease process? -Reiter syndrome -HIV encephalopathy -Early-onset dementia -Cervical cancer

Reiter syndrome

For a woman, what is the most serious long-term outcome of an infection resulting from exposure to the N. gonorrhoeae bacteria? -Sterility -Postcoital bleeding -Bartholin gland abscesses -Dysuria

Sterility

Which clients would the nurse determine are at increased risk of infection with gonorrhea? Select all that apply. The client who does not use condoms The client who is younger than 25 years of age The client who has constant urinary tract pain The client with multiple sexual partners The client who married late in life

The client who does not use condoms, The client who is younger than 25 years of age, The client with multiple sexual partners

What is the primary reason that the nurse urges clients to be seen by their health care provider when they have genital warts? -To be informed of the chance of transmitting to others -To be informed of the risk of premalignant and malignant changes -To receive intravenous antibiotics -To have an MRI to screen for other conditions

To be informed of the risk of premalignant and malignant changes

A client is diagnosed with granuloma inguinale. Which question should the nurse ask the client? -"Have you had all of your vaccinations?" -"Have you ever had genital herpes?" -"Have you been near anyone who has had the flu?" -"Have you traveled outside of the country recently?"

"Have you traveled outside of the country recently?"

A client has been diagnosed with a chlamydial infection. Select the pharmacologic treatment of choice. -Acyclovir -Ceclor -Azithromycin -Bactrim

Azithromycin

Select the treatment of choice for syphilis. -Topical clotrimazole cream -Oral amoxicillin for 10 days -Long-acting penicillin in a single injection -UV radiation to the genital area

Long-acting penicillin in a single injection

A 23-year-old diagnosed with syphilis presents with palmar rash, sore throat, fever, and a red-brown lesion on the genital area. The symptoms have been present for 3 weeks. Select the stage of syphilis this client is currently in. -Primary -Secondary -Tertiary -Latent

Secondary

A nurse is interviewing a client about issues with infertility. Which condition contributes to the risk of infertility in both men and women? -Genital warts -Herpes simplex -Trichomoniasis -Chancroid

Trichomoniasis