chapter 5

Which is an example of a (1) gross motor talent and (2) a fine motor talent?

(1) climbing a tree; (2) forming letters

Link the language issues involved: (1) Janek, says, "I saw some gooses." (2) Jana says, "I no like gooses." (3) Tommy refers to every bird as a "goose."

(1) overregulation; (2) problem with syntax; (3) overextension

In the United States, children are labeled "obese" when their body mass index (BMI) is at or above the:

95th percentile for their age group in a 1960s national poll.

Which is true?

Children in the concrete operational stage can only solve conservation problems with concrete objects

ex of a child showing animism?

Debare, who thinks that his toy bear is alive.

Which situation shows a child's lack of an understanding of identity constancy?

Hermia thinks her daddy is turned into a superhero when he puts on a costume.

Which is the BEST example of inhibition?

Ida stops herself from checking social media sites during class

Generalizing from the discussion of Piaget, what is the best way to teach children math?

Illustrate mathematical principles through hands-on activities.

ex of a person teaching by using Vygotsky's zone of proximal development (ZPD)?

Mr. Smith, who figures out what each child knows now and then determines what that child is capable of understanding through instruction.

ex of child has probably entered the stage of concrete operations?

Sobechi, who can follow the rules of a game

_________ is height more than 2 standard deviations below the average for age, while ________ is extremely low weight for height and age due to poor nutrition.

Stunting, wasting

A three year is crying because her favorite teddy bear was dropped from her stroller because she thought the bear was hurt and sad. This is an example of

animism

The fact that more people cannot remember what happened to them before they were approximately 3 years of age is referred to as autobiographical amnesia

childhood amnesia

Boris looks at a bouquet of daisies and carnations, and knows that there are more flowers than daisies in the vase. Boris understands _____.

class inclusion

These preschoolers you just watched do not understand the concept of

conservation

Unusually rapid weight gain _____ is a good predictor of later obesity.

during infancy and early childhood

When talking to her grandmother on the phone, 3 year old Tara points to her new toy to show it to grandmother. This is an example of

egocentrism

A child says, "The moon goes to sleep because I go to sleep." Which two types of preoperational thought does this statement illustrate?

egocentrism and animism

Working memory-bin space enlarges most dramatically during _____.

elementary school

Which part of the brain is responsible for thinking through and inhibiting actions?

frontal lobes

A coach is using scaffolding in teaching baseball if she:

helps a child hold a bat, then, after that step has been mastered, moves on to hitting the ball.

Worldwide, the greatest threat to children's physical development is _____.

inadequate nutrition

The left hemisphere, which experiences rapid neural development from 3-6, is responsible for _____ among other behaviors.

language

Three-year-old Lola watches her mommy roll a ball of dough into a thin circle for a pie crust, and exclaims, "You made more dough!" Lola lacks an understanding of the conservation of _____.

mass

Thinking about thinking is another way of talking about

metacognition

Young children can run and jump well before they can follow the rules of games because the:

motor cortex develops before the frontal lobes.

The ability to inhibit impulses and begin planning that begins in early childhood is due to the development of

neural connections

When a child says "I go-ed to the store yesterday" or "My foots are wet from the puddle" they are demonstrating

over-regularizations

The ability to understand that your understanding of something might be different from another's is

part of the theory of mind

The MAIN basic philosophical difference between Piaget and Vygotsky is that Piaget believed:

people learn through hands on experience; Vygotsky believed people only learn through being taught.

Piaget believes that young child think completely differently than older children. This represents a __________ change.

qualitative

Compared to Piaget's theory, the information processing approach to cognitive development is

quantitative

Gross motor skills include:

running and jumping

A teacher notices that 4 year old Victor is struggling to hold the scissors and paper to cut a straight line so she show him how to hold the scissors and helps him hold the paper so that it is easier to cut. This is an example of

scaffolding

A preschool teacher seeing that a student can classify objects by color, then asks the child to classify the objects by color and size and helps him start. This is an example of

the zone of proximal development

The following example that BEST illustrates Piaget's concept of egocentrism is a child who:

thinks that other people automatically know everything that's in his head.