Chapter 5 Biodiversity and Evolution Practice

If a bird that normally has green feathers produces offspring with blue, this is most likely the result of:

A genetic mutation

Which of the following would result in the highest rate of evolution?

A population with high genetic variation

Which of the following statements about mutations is incorrect?

All mutations are harmful

Which of the following would have the least effect on how successful a species is at adapting to a new environment?

Amount of parental care

When an organism has a trait that improves that individual's fitness for an environment, it is known as:

An adaptation

Which of the following are processes in which evolution occurs?

Artificial selection Natural selection Genetic Drift

In a small population, when genotypes are lost by chance it is called

Genetic drift

Which of the following does not contribute to the increase in biodiversity of an ecosystem?

Habitat loss

Which of the following decreases genetic variation?

Mutation Genetic drift

Which of the following is not considered to be contributing to the current increase in extinction rates?

Natural selection

Which type of species would be most vulnerable to environmental changes?

Niche specialists

Which of the following would not be considered when determining the fundamental niche of a species?

Reproductive rate

Which of the following measures of biodiversity takes into account the number of species present and the relative abundance of the species present?

Shannon's Index

Which of the following pairs would increase the rate of evolution within a species?

Slow environmental change and high genetic variation

Which of the following are measurements used to measure diversity within an ecosystem?

Species richness Species evenness

When natural selection occurs, what is the key factor that will determine which individuals will survive and pass on the beneficial traits?

The environment will determine which traits are most beneficial

Which of the following is the best description of evolution?

The genetic change within a population over time

What is most significant when determining the diversity of an ecosystem?

The number of species present

Which of the following is the best description of species evenness?

The relative dominance of each species within an ecosystem