chapter 5: discrimination

a stereotype exists in many cultures that men are better than women at math. according to research on stereotype threat, under which of the following conditions is Ramya most likely to perform poorly on the test.

When Ramya is asked to indicate her gender at the beginning of the test.

Samantha thinks that all social psychology professors are intelligent, attractive, and fabulously good dancers. This is an example of

a stereotype

Michigan and Ohio are rival universities. students at the two schools only interact when the athletice teams they play for compete against each other. Sherif's Robbers Cave experiment suggests that the students will

develop negative views of one another and behave in a hostile manner

self-fulfilling prophecies perpetuate stereotypes by

eliciting stereotype-confirming behavior from targets

Stereotypes appear to bias perceptions

even when we don't endorse them

Groups to which the self belongs are called _____, and groups to which the self does not belong are called _____.

ingroups; outgroups

A form of prejudice that surfaces in subtle ways when it is safe, socially acceptable, and easy to rationalize is called

modern racism

the tendency to perceive members of an outgroup as less variable, or more similar to one another, than members of the ingroup is called the

outgroup homogeneity effect

social categorization leads people to

overestimate differences between groups

negative feelings direct at others strictly because of their membership in a particular social category is called

prejudice

Bridgette thinks short people are lazy and Barbara refuses to let short people join her book club. Bridgette is exhibiting _____, whereas Barbara is exhibiting _____.

stereotyping; discrimination

A shared goal that can be achieved only through cooperation among individuals or groups is

superordinate

People can counter the potentially negative effects of stereotype activation by__?

taking the perspective of a member of the stereotyped group

The results of the Robbers Cave experiment can be extrapolated to suggest that prejudice between groups can be increased when the groups are placed in a situation where

they compete against one another

Arnold is not a cheerleader and doesn't know any cheerleaders personally, but when he sees them at the games, they are always smiling. Arnold is likely to

think that all cheerleaders are happy