Chapter 5 ESS

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The safest drinking water source?

Groundwater

Force of Gravity

Groundwater tends to flow downward into oceans and rivers because it typically flows from land that is above sea level to land that is at sea level.

How does the formation of a natural levee impact flooding?

Natural levees raise the height of the stream channel, reducing the amount of flooding that will occur on the floodplain.

Discharge is a measurement of what?

The amount of water flowing in a river

Gravitational Potential energy

The energy that results from the pull of gravity on the groundwater. Increases with the elevation of the groundwater.

Groundwater flow is influenced by several factors

The porosity and permeability of the earth the water flows in Pressure gradients that result from the varying height of the local water table

The majority of groundwater is stored within what?

The zone of saturation

Pressure

groundwater flows through pores in the saturated zone,

Natural leve

ridge of flood deposits next to a river channel

Floodplain

A flat surface next to a river channel

How did the MI river delta form?

As the MI River enters the Gulf of Mexico, its velocity decreases and it begins to drop its sediment load

During a summer with little rainfall, your house on a hill slope experiences an interval during which your well runs dry. You have to borrow water from your neighbor who lives downslope from you. Why does your neighbor have water when you don't?

As the water table drops due to the lack of precipitation, it goes below the base of your well.

Groundwater is second only to what?

Glaciers

What does the Murphree Water Treatment Plant use to disinfect the water?

Chlorine

Two types of aquifers

Confined Unconfined

Water erodes the outside of a river bend to form what?

Cut bank

Next frontier in the drinking water industry?

Desalination

What has caused the hypoxic dead zone to form off the coast of the Gulf states?

Fertilizers promote the growth of algae. When they die and decompose, oxygen is depleted in the Gulf of Mexico.

What federal agency regulates the bottled water industry?

Food and Drug Administration


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