Chapter 5: inquisitive The American Revoultion, 1763—1783

Identify the statements that describe the Townshend Acts of 1767.

correct: -A portion of the funds generated was allocated to paying the colonial governors' salaries. -They were a set of trade regulations.

Samuel Seabury was a prominent and outspoken pamphleteer in the years before the American Revolution. Which of the following statements about him are correct?

describes Seabury: -a Loyalist who opposed war with Britain -the United States' first Episcopal bishop

Cornwallis's surrender at Yorktown ended the American Revolution, and the Treaty of Paris was signed immediately afterward.

false

Writs of assistance were legal decrees issued by Parliament to help royal governors work more effectively with their colonial legislatures by granting the governors more power.

false

A concept critical to political thought in the [] century, "British liberty" encompassed ideas of individual rights and [] alongside ideas of [] executive power. British liberty was a parochial concept, understood to apply specifically to British people, not to people from continental Europe or Africa.

1. eighteenth 2. rule of law 3. limited

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing British tactics during the Revolutionary War. By late 1778, the British sought to change their tactics by moving their efforts to the [] in order to gain support from the [] there, as well as encourage divisions between [] and wealthy planters that would ultimately support their cause.

1. south 2. loyalist 3. small farmers

Identify the colonist who wrote Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, which argued that colonials were English citizens who possessed all of the rights of Englishmen.

John Dickinson

The Battle of Saratoga in 1777 helped to persuade France and Spain to support America's pursuit of independence from Britain. Identify each of the following reasons as either a French or Spanish reason for supporting the United States in the War of Independence.

Spanish: -wished to regain control of Florida French: -sought retribution for defeat in the Seven Years' War -sought to weaken British influence in the West Indies

Proponents of "no taxation without representation" claimed that although trade regulation was a legal means for Parliament to raise revenue, direct internal taxes such as the Stamp Act were an illegitimate extension of parliamentary power.

false

About 200,000 Native Americans lived east of the Mississippi River in 1790. As sites of conflict in the War of Independence moved westward, like white Americans, Indians divided in allegiance. Match each of the following groups to its allegiance during the Revolution.

sided with the British: -(non-Oneida) Iroquois nations split or neutral: -the Cherokee sided with the colonist: -the Oneida Nation

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing how colonial leaders responded to the idea of independence. The intensity of feelings for independence among the upper colonial class varied regionally. In [], the elites pressed very strongly for independence since their hold on local power was secure. In contrast, in places such as [], which were more diverse, there were fears that movements for equality could go too far, so feelings for independence were not as strong.

1. Massachusetts and Virginia 2. Pennsylvania and New York

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the Committees of Safety. The Committees of Safety were significant because they gave [] the experience and informal training necessary to enforce [] against the [] and to begin to exercise local political power.

1. common people 2. boycotts 3. British

Colonists of many different social backgrounds responded to new British trade restrictions with a wide-ranging boycott movement. Fill in the blanks below to describe those movements. The movement to replace British imports with domestically produced goods was described as []. Women who spun and wove goods at home became known as []. Colonial leaders in Virginia even briefly moved to ban the importation of [], but this ban was undermined by smaller planters away from the coast, who ignored it.

1. homespun virtue 2. daughters of liberty 3. slaves

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing colonists' reactions to the Townshend duties. As a result of the Townshend duties, colon [] their reliance on British goods, specifically through the [] efforts of the [].

1. reduced 2. homespun 3. daughter of liberty

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the Tea Act. Because of a [] of tea, Britain passed the Tea Act, which [] the price of tea in the colonies, and simultaneously included a tax to pay for the costs of colonial [], which threatened the power of colonial assemblies.

1. surplus 2. reduced 3. government

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage describing the Sweets of Liberty. As time went on, Americans came to believe that their struggle was for [], which were derived from the laws of [], not as the gift of their chief magistrate. While Americans still revered the king, they demanded that the empire be seen as a collection of equal parts held together by loyalty to [], not a system in which one part ruled over the other.

1. universal rights 2. nature 3. a constitutional monarch

What advantages did the British empire have in the war against American independence?

Correct: -a large faction of Loyalist colonists who opposed the Revolution -experienced military commanders -a strong and well-equipped army and navy

By the time the Second Continental Congress convened, North American colonies were involved in an unofficial conflict that verged upon full-scale war.

true

Part of Britain's motivation for passing the Quebec Act was to offer religious protection to the recently conquered French Canadian inhabitants as a trade-off for gaining their loyalty on political questions of governance and rule.

true

Identify the arguments and sentiments of Thomas Paine in his pamphlet Common Sense.

correct: -Being a part of the British empire unnecessarily involved the colonies in global wars. -Britain had stunted the economic growth of the colonies.

Identify why George Washington was selected to lead the Continental army.

correct: -He had gained extensive experience in combat operations during the French and Indian War. -He was from the colony of Virginia.

Identify the actions taken by the First Continental Congress.

correct: -It authorized the creation of Committees of Safety. -It established the Continental Association.

Identify how Parliament responded to the Boston Tea Party.

correct: -It closed the port of Boston. -It passed the Intolerable Acts.

Identify the statements that describe the concept of American exceptionalism.

correct: -It is central to the concept of American self-identity. -The United States has a special purpose in the world.

Identify the reasons why this engraving of the Boston Massacre by Paul Revere was significant.

correct: -It was the most effective piece of propaganda created during the revolutionary period. -The image was created to stir up colonist resistance to British presence in the colonies.

Identify the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1783) that ended the Revolutionary War.

correct: -Loyalists were to be compensated by the United States for their losses. -The United States' western border became the Mississippi River.

Identify the statements that describe the Battle of Saratoga and the outcomes it had on the rest of the war.

correct: -The American victory helped to persuade European powers to enter into the conflict. -A lack of British military coordination played a major role in the outcome.

Identify the statements that describe the repeal of the Stamp Act.

correct: -The Sons of Liberty played a key role in the repeal of the Stamp Act. -At the same time that the Stamp Act was being repealed, the Declaratory Act was created, which empowered Parliament to make all laws for the colonies. -Colonial boycotts of British goods played a major role in bringing about its repeal.

Identify the statements that describe the Boston Massacre.

correct: -The crowd of colonials actually instigated the conflict. -Bostonian resentment of British soldiers increased because the soldiers often took jobs away from colonists.

What form did Parliamentary regulation of the colonies take prior to 1763?

correct: -laws that required colonial goods to be shipped to England -laws that forbade colonial printing of paper currency -rules that prevented the colonial manufacturing of goods that could be made in Britain