Chapter 5 Quiz

movement.

"Mrs. M" suffered severe stroke damage near the rear of both sides of her brain. She is unable to perceive:

Umami

Happy Moon Restaurant uses monosodium glutamate in most of its dishes to enhance the flavor. The use of this flavor enhancer also stimulates the fifth taste of:

the McGurk effect.

When people see the mouth movements for "ga" while hearing "ba," they may perceive "da." This BEST illustrates:

extrasensory perception

Which method is NOT a way to manage pain?

Extrasensory perception

_____ includes telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition.

Extrasensory perception

_____ is the controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input.

Absolute threshold

_____ is the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular sensory stimulus 50 percent of the time.

Interposition

_____ occurs when one object partially blocks a person's view of another and the unblocked object is perceived as being closer.

priming

_____ refers to the activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response.

intensity

_____ refers to the intensity of energy in a light or sound wave, which a person perceives as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave's amplitude.

Sensation

_____ refers to the process by which people detect physical energy in the environment and encode that energy as neural signals.

linear perspective

A person read about an accident at a rail-crossing and wondered about the cause. Perhaps, it was caused by _____ (a monocular clue concerning parallel lines), which might have led the car's driver to overestimate the distance of the train.

grouping.

A person's tendency to organize stimuli into coherent sets is known as:

that information can be processed outside of conscious awareness.

A researcher subliminally presents a visual image to study participants, which increases the likelihood that they will later recognize the same briefly presented image. This BEST illustrates:

semicircular canals; kinesthetic receptors

A set of twins is playing "Ring Around the Rosie" with their little cousins and are spinning around and around. When they stop, they still feel as though they are spinning because the fluid in their _____ and _____ have not returned to their neutral state.

figure-ground.

According to the Gestalt psychologists, people tend to group features according to whether they are the object to be attended to or are in the surroundings. This is called the principle of:

85

Adeline is worried because she knows that her work environment is very loud and that prolonged exposure to sounds above _____ decibels can produce hearing loss.

"This is a waste of money. Research hasn't been able to show any enduring influence on behavior from stuff like this."

Betty is overweight and would like to lose weight. She has made an appointment to participate in a research study using subliminal messages for weight loss. What would be your advice?

hue

Blue, green, red are all examples of:

larger than it actually is

Bobbie loves to play softball. He almost always hits a home run. How is he likely to perceive the softball?

psychokinesis.

Brent believes in "mind over matter" and thinks that some people are able to move objects with their mind. This ability that he believes in is an example of:

audition.

Camilla has been told her basilar membranes are damaged. This is MOST likely to affect her:

prosopagnosia.

Damage to the region of the temporal lobe essential to recognizing faces results in a condition known as:

context effects.

Dennis, a nurse, notes that some parents of asthmatic children respond to very small changes in their children's breathing while the child is in the hospital. However, the same parents might not notice the same small changes at home. This type of difference in reaction to stimuli is BEST explained by:context effects.

relative size.

Drivers sometimes overestimate the distance between their own vehicles and pedestrians who are short because they rely on the distance cue known as:

a window looking out on trees.

Given what we know about the relationship between distraction and pain, if one is trying to pick a hospital room for a loved one who is in a great deal of pain, one should pick a room with:

prolonged exposure to ear-splitting noise.

Gretta is 85 years old and is having trouble with her hearing. She worked in a factory for many years at a time before there were government regulations safeguarding noise levels. The MOST likely reasons for her sensorineural hearing loss are normal aging and:

every week or two

How often do taste receptors reproduce themselves?

hue; brightness

In terms of a person's sensory experience of light, wavelength is to _____ as wave intensity is to _____.

vision is partly an acquired sense.

Jay is 48 years old. He recently had his sight restored after 45 years of blindness. He could associate people with their distinct features such as hair color, but could not recognize their faces. He was also not good at judging the size of objects as their distance from him changed. His case suggests that:

precognition.

Josh is convinced that his grandfather will die soon. He believes he is capable of:

embodied cognition

Kendra went to a fundraiser, and the organizers gave her a mug of coffee when she arrived. Later, she felt closer to the organizers and contributed generously to the cause. What might be occurring in this scenario?

there is a critical period for normal sensory and perceptual development.

Kittens, monkeys, and humans who experience sensory deprivation early in life end up with permanent damage to their visual functioning. This finding suggests that:

sights

Marty is a diabetic who lost his vision two months ago. He experiences nonthreatening hallucinations known as phantom:

mental tendencies

Perceptual sets are the result of _____, which people form to organize and interpret unfamiliar information.

normal sensory input.

Phantom limb sensations and other experiences of amputees show that the brain can produce pain in the absence of:

perceptual sets

Professor Damion studies the impact of experience and expectations on people's perception. His research is based on:

To savor a taste, she may need to breathe the aroma through her nose.

Rebecca has had a cold for five days and her nose is so blocked that she cannot smell anything. When she goes to drink her coffee, she realizes it has no taste. What is the MOST likely reason for this phenomenon?

could distinguish only color and brightness.

Researchers used goggles to restrict kittens' vision for several months. Once the goggles were removed, the kittens:

conduction hearing loss.

Ricardo has been suffering from a lengthy battle with the flu. His ears are painfully plugged with fluid. One morning his right ear "pops" from all of the pressure and fluid comes out. He screams in pain because the eardrum has punctured. This will result in:

They are talking about different ways to color their hair.

Samantha has just heard a positive, uplifting song about women achieving their goals. She is now in a good mood. As she is walking to class, she overhears two women talking and only makes out the word "dye." What is she likely to think they are discussing?

diminished sensitivity as a result of repeated stimulation.

Sensory adaptation can be defined as:

bottom-up processing.

Sensory analysis starts at the entry level, such as with the sensory receptors, and works up to the integration of sensory information in the brain. This process is called:

binocular cues.

Students are participating in a psychology experiment in which the research assistant asks them to hold two pencils in front of them and touch the tips together. She then asks them to do this with one eye closed. They find this task terribly difficult, which demonstrates the importance of:

inner

The cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sacs make up the _____ ear.

hue.

The dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light is called:

there is no definable area of the brain dedicated to pain.

The pain system differs from the visual system in that:

fovea

The retina's central focal point is the _____, which contains only cones and no rods.

kinesthesia.

The sensory experience of bending one's knees or raising one's arms illustrates:

lens.

The transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina is called the:

Daryl Bem

This researcher published articles that appeared to support ESP. However, other researchers have failed to duplicate his results with his own data.

kinesthesia

This system senses the position and movement of our individual body parts.

synesthesia

Today, a man on television described his experience of _____, a condition in which the senses become joined. He explained that, when certain types of music are played, he often sees patterns of colors.

temporal

Tom suffered a brain injury that has left him unable to identify different faces. Which lobe of the brain was MOST likely injured?

retina upside down and reversed.

When looking at an object, the image appears on the:

perceptual sets

When people look at a photograph of an adult-child pair and are told that the two individuals are parent and child, the people tend to say the pair looks more alike than people who are told the pair is unrelated. This is MOST likely caused by: