Chapter 5 - The muscular system - Posterior View

Semitendinosus

One of the three muscles that make up the hamstring. It is found on the back of the thigh & runs from the base of the pelvis to the back of the tibia, one of the bones that make up the lower leg. Specifically the tuberosity of the ischium.

Lattissimus Dorsi

The ____________ is a large, flat muscle on the back that stretches to the sides, behind the arm, and is partly covered by the trapezius on the back near the midline. The word latissimus dorsi comes from Latin and means "broadest of the back", from "latissimus"' and "dorsum". The pair of muscles are commonly known as "lats", especially among bodybuilders. The latissimus dorsi is the largest muscle in the upper body.

Posterior Serratus Inferior

The _________________ ______________ ________________ muscle is a muscle of the human body. The muscle lies at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar regions. The origin arises from the vertebrae T11 through L2. The muscle's insertion is the lower border of the 9th through 12th ribs.

Erector spinae

The __________________ or __________________ is a set of muscles that straighten and rotate the back. The erector spinae is not just one muscle, but a bundle of muscles and tendons. It is paired and runs more or less vertically. It extends throughout the lumbar, thoracic and cervical regions, and lies in the groove to the side of the vertebral column. The erector spinae is covered in the lumbar and thoracic regions by the thoracolumbar fascia, and in the cervical region by the nuchal ligament.

Splenius capitis

The ____________________ is a broad, straplike muscle in the back of the neck. It pulls on the base of the skull from the vertebrae in the neck and upper thorax. It is involved in movements such as shaking the head

Gluteus Maximums

The ______________________ __________________ is the main extensor muscle of the hip. It is the largest and most superficial of the three gluteal muscles and makes up a large portion of the shape and appearance of each side of the hips. Its thick fleshy mass, in a quadrilateral shape, forms the prominence of the buttocks

teres major

The ______________________ muscle is a muscle of the upper limb. It attaches to the scapula and the humerus and is one of the seven scapulohumeral muscles. It is a thick but somewhat flattened muscle

Gastrocnemius

The _______________________ muscle is a powerful superficial two-headed muscle that is in the back part of the lower leg of humans. It runs from its two heads just above the knee to the heel, a two joint muscle

Triceps

The ________________________ muscle is a large muscle on the back of the upper limb of many vertebrates. It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint.

Levator scapulae

The ___________________________-is a skeletal muscle situated at the back and side of the neck. As the Latin name suggests, its main function is to lift the scapula. The levator scapulae originates from the posterior tubercle of the transverse process of cervical vertebrae one to four. The muscle is inserted into medial border of the scapula extending from superior angle to junction of spine and medial border of scapula.

teres minor

The _____________________________ is a narrow, elongated muscle of the rotator cuff. The muscle originates from the lateral border and adjacent posterior surface of the corresponding right or left scapula and inserts at both the greater tubercle of the humerus and the posterior surface of the joint capsule.

Supraspinatus

The ________________________is a relatively small muscle of the upper back that runs from the supraspinatous fossa superior portion of the scapula to the greater tubercle of the humerus. It is one of the four rotator cuff muscles and also abducts the arm at the shoulder. The spine of the scapula separates the supraspinatus muscle from the infraspinatus muscle, which originates below the spine.

trapezius

The __________________is a large paired surface muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae of the spine and laterally to the spine of the scapula. It moves the scapula and supports the arm.

Deltoid

The ________________muscle is the muscle forming the rounded contour of the human shoulder. It is also known as the common shoulder muscle

Rhomboids

________________ muscles associated with the scapula and are chiefly responsible for its retraction. They are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve.

Achilles' tendon

attached calf muscle to heel bone

Extensors of wrist and hand

extends the wrist & hand

Biceps femoris

is a muscle of the thigh located to the posterior or back. As its name implies it has two parts, one of which (the long head) forms part of the hamstrings muscle group.

Semimembranosus

is one of the three muscles that make up the hamstring. It is found on the back of the thigh & runs from the base of the pelvis ( specifically the tuberosity of the ischium) to the back of the tibia, one of the bones that make up the lower leg.

Gracilis

is the most superficial muscle on the medial side of the thigh. It is thin & flattened, broad above, narrow & tapering below.

Gluteus Medius

one of the three gluteal muscles, is a broad, thick, radiating muscle, situated on the outer surface of the pelvis. Its posterior third is covered by the gluteus maximus, its anterior two-thirds by the gluteal aponeurosis, which separates it from the superficial fascia and integument.

External oblique

the __________ muscle is the largest and the most superficial of the three flat muscles of the lateral anterior abdomen. The external oblique is situated on the lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen. It is broad, thin, and irregularly quadrilateral, its muscular portion occupying the side, its aponeurosis the anterior wall of the abdomen.

Soleus

the ________________ is a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg. It runs from just below the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing and walking. It is closely connected to the gastrocnemius muscle

Infraspinatus

the _______________________ muscle is a thick triangular muscle, which occupies the chief part of the infraspinatous fossa. As one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff, the main function of the infraspinatus is to externally rotate the humerus and stabilize the shoulder joint.