Chapter 5

which one of the following molecules is able to move across the cell membrane by simple diffusion

carbon dioxide

molecules move from higher to lower concentration through a transport protein

facilitated diffusion

cytoplasm - shrinks blood cell - shrivels

hypertonic

enzymes are able to speed up the rate of a reaction by

lowering the energy needed for the reaction to proceed

the diffusion of water and a semi-permeable membrane

osmosis

regulation of the enzymes involved in metabolic reactions usually requires

feedback inhibition

which of the following is not a mechanism used to move materials in and out of the cell

feedback inhibition

simple diffusion of molecules occurs

from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

doesn't require energy from the cell

which of the following molecules would have the most potential energy to perform work for cell activities - AMP - ATP - adenosine - ADP

ATP

Which of these words does not belong with the rest as it relates to - concentration gradient? - passive transport - facilitated diffusion - diffusion - active transport

active transport

the concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%. the concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. how could the cell obtain more calcium.

active transport

which of the following is an example of osmosis - Glucose is transported from our blood stream across cell membranes and into the cytoplasm. - Cells of our kidneys reabsorb water to prevent it from all leaving through our urine. - Sodium is pumped across a cell to increase its concentration on one side of the cell membrane. - A broken bottle of perfume is able to be smelled throughout the department store. - A bacterium in the blood stream is engulfed by a white blood cell.

cells of our kidneys reabsorb water to prevent it from all leaving through our urine

probable factors that affect the passage of materials across the cell membranes include all of the following EXCEPT

color

because it is a passive process, which membrane transport process can continue whether the cell is alive or dead

diffusion

entropy is best described as

disorder

why do metabolic pathways require tens to hundreds of different enzymes

each enzyme has a specific substrate and produces a specific product

metabolic pathways are known for all of the following except - feedback inhibition - enzymes to help raise the energy of activation - linking between pathways - controlled formation of products

enzymes to help raise the energy of activation

when a cell is in a solution where the concentration of solute is the same in the cell as in the solution, the solution is called

isotonic

if blood cells are placed in a hypotonic solution

the cells will shrink due to water loss by the cell

When a potted house plant is wilting, the addition of water quickly changes the look of the plant. This can be accounted for by

the water creates a hypotonic environment causing the cells to gain water

in feedback inhibition of a metabolic pathway, where does the inhibitor bind?

to the enzyme of the first reaction

Identify which of the following statements is not true. - ATP contains the energy form used for cellular work. - ATP is formed when energy is released during cell respiration. - When ATP becomes ADP + P, the amount of energy released is enough for a biological purpose. - ATP is comprised of a sugar, base, and two phosphate groups.

ATP is comprised of a sugar, base, and two phosphate groups

Which of the following examples does NOT describe kinetic energy? - a firefly using light flashes to attract a mate - an apple made up of energy-rich macromolecules - a candle giving off light - a pile of leaves that have been burnt

an apple made up of energy-rich macromolecules

what prevents a plant cell from bursting in a hypotonic solution

cell wall