Chapter 52: Nursing Care of the Child with a Cognitive or Mental Health Disorder

A group of students are reviewing the role of neurotransmitters in the development of depression. The students demonstrate a need for additional study when they identify which neurotransmitter as being involved? a) Dopamine b) γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) c) Norepinephrine d) Serotonin

B

Rumination disorder is a poorly understood condition of young children. This refers to a) excessive worrying about friendships. b) rechewing undigested food. c) a habit of eating nonfood substances. d) fear of moving objects

B

A mother is concerned because whenever she takes her 4-year-old son out to play in the yard, he begins eating dirt as soon as her back is turned. The nurse explains that this behavior is known as which of the following? a) Food aversion b) Bulimia nervosa c) Rumination d) Pica

D

A nurse is caring for a 10-year-old intellectually challenged girl hospitalized for a scheduled cholecystectomy. The girl expresses fear related to her hospitalization and unfamiliar surroundings. How should the nurse respond? a) "Have you talked to your parents about this?" b) "Do you want some art supplies?" c) "Don't worry, you will be going home soon." d) "Tell me about a typical day at home."

D

You are meeting with a family that has learned that their 11-year-old daughter has some intellectual disabilities. They tell you that she is having trouble coping with different situations at school. Which of the following is the best response? a) "It takes time to learn to cope and adjust, give her some more time." b) "Just give her some time, she will learn to adjust." c) "Coping and adaptation are often affected by intellectual disabilities." d) "Maybe it would be best if she did not play with those kids at school."

C

Many children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) are intellectually disabled. a) True b) False

A

Which of the following is an example of impaired adaptive functioning in an 8-year-old girl with a developmental disorder? a) The child cannot properly dress herself. b) The child's vision is fine but she is a poor reader. c) The child cannot correctly copy a phone number. d) The child cannot correctly copy a sentence.

A

It has been shown that childhood immunization can be a cause of autistic spectrum disorder. a) True b) False

B

An adolescent comes to the office of the school nurse and after being quiet for several minutes states, "I think the world will be better when I am gone." Which of the following statements should be the nurse's first response to this adolescent? a) "What is your relationship with your parents like?" b) "You need to be seen immediately by a counselor." c) "Have you made a plan to commit suicide?" d) "Are you and your friends here at school having problems?"

C

A 7-year-old child is diagnosed with a learning disability involving reading, writing, and spelling. The nurse identifies this as which of the following? a) Dyspraxia b) Dysgraphia c) Dyscalculia d) Dyslexia

D

Which of the following would suggest that a 5-year-old boy might have a developmental disorder? a) The child has trouble with r, l, and y sounds. b) The child must be supervised when brushing his teeth. c) The child knows what a dog and a cat sound like. d) The child is not able to follow directions.

D

The child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) will likely have which of the following behaviors? a) Engaging in dangerous activities b) Repetitive actions c) Frequently losing things d) Close attachment to their mother

B

The mother of an 8-year-old boy is concerned that her son has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. She describes the symptoms he demonstrates. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse recognize as an example of impulsiveness? a) Constantly fidgeting in his chair and shaking his foot b) Jumping out of his seat in the middle of class and running to the bathroom without the teacher's permission c) Repeating words or phrases spoken by others d) Inability to answer a question posed by his teacher because he was daydreaming

B

The nurse is caring for a child who has been hospitalized repeatedly at multiple hospitals. There is no clear medical diagnosis and the mother is threatening to leave the hospital against medical advice. The nurse suspects which of the following? a) Bipolar disorder b) Medical child abuse c) Anxiety disorder d) Sexual abuse

B

A nurse is observing a 10-year-old boy who is in the waiting room of a pediatrician's office. Another child on the other side of the room removes the lid from a toy box, and the 10-year-old boy screams and then cries briefly. Noticing his shoe laces, he begins laughing and untying them. The nurse recognizes this behavior as an example of which of the following? a) Flat affect b) Echolalia c) Labile mood d) Catatonia

C

The nurse is discussing the treatment for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with a group of school nurses. Which of the following would be an appropriate learning setting for a child with ADHD? a) A classroom with windows facing a playground. b) A classroom with tables and chairs rather than individual desks. c) A classroom with a plan of study that is followed each day. d) A classroom in which children self-select their activities.

C

Which of the following signs and symptoms suggest that a 5-year-old boy who does not maintain eye contact or speak may have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? a) The child has a slight decrease in head circumference. b) The child is highly active and inattentive. c) The child constantly opens and closes his hands. d) The child has a long face and prominent jaw.

C

A nurse is providing a routine wellness examination and follow-up for a 3-year-old recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which response indicates a need for additional referral or follow-up? a) "We have a couple of baby sitters who know how to handle his needs." b) "We have recently completed his individualized education plan." c) "We really like the treatment plan that has been created by his school." d) "We try to be flexible and change his routine from day to day."

D

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl with a history of inappropriate behavior. Which statement by the mother would lead the nurse to suspect possible conduct disorder? a) "She argues excessively with her teachers." b) "She has frequent temper tantrums." c) "She blames everyone else for her problems." d) "She recently trampled our neighbor's flower bed."

D

The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old girl with a nursing diagnosis of ineffective coping related to inability to deal with life stressors as evidenced by few or no meaningful friendships and low self-esteem. Which intervention would be the priority to promote coping skills? a) Role model appropriate social and conversation skills. b) Demonstrate unconditional acceptance of the child as a person. c) Set clear limits on behavior. d) Encourage her to discuss her thoughts and feelings.

D