Chapter 6

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If the mixing ratio of a parcel of air is 6 grams per kilo¬gram and the relative humidity is 25 percent, the saturation mixing ratio is ______ grams per kilogram.

. 1.5 b. 12 c. 8 d. 2 e. None of these is correct.

Rising parcels of saturated (cloudy) air do not cool as rapidly as rising parcels of unsaturated (clear) air because

. expansional cooling of saturated air is partially compensated for by release of latent heat.

If the air temperature is 12 °C and the vapor pressure is the same as the saturation vapor pressure, the relative humidity is

100%

A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is unstable for unsaturated (clear) air parcels

11

If the mixing ratio of a parcel of air is 2 grams per kilo¬gram and its saturation mixing ratio is 6 grams per kilo¬gram, the relative humidity is ______ percent.

33.3

A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is stable for clear air and unstable for cloudy air

7

A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is conditionally stable.

8

Two equal volumes of air have the same temperature and pressure. One contains more water vapor than the other

Both volumes of air contain the same number of gaseous molecules.

In winter, the precipitable water value is likely to be highest in ________.

Miami, FL

All of the following soundings (temperature profiles) always indicate stable atmospheric conditions with the exception of

a drop of temperature with altitude

A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is stable for unsaturated air parcels

a. 8 b. 7 c. 2 d. All of these are correct.

As an aircraft ascends within the troposphere, the external

a. air pressure increases. b. vapor pressure increases. c. saturation mixing ratio increases. d. air density increases. e. None of the above is correct.

As an unsaturated parcel of air ascends dry adiabatically,

a. its relative humidity decreases. b. its saturation vapor pressure increases. c. its temperature rises. e. None of the above is correct.

. As a clear parcel of air ascends dry adiabatically

a. its relative humidity increases. b. its saturation vapor pressure decreases. c. its temperature drops. d. All of the above are correct.

As unsaturated (clear) air flows down the leeward slopes of a mountain range,

a. the air temperature rises. b. the relative humidity decreases. c. the saturation vapor pressure increases. d. All of the above are correct.

Air mass advection ______ change the relative humidity

can

Sublimation is to deposition as evaporation is to ______.

condensation

Two equal volumes of air at the same temperature and pressure have different amounts of water vapor in them. The air parcel with the higher relative humidity will

contain the same number of molecules as the other parcel

. If a saturated (cloudy) air parcel is heated (say by absorption of radiation), its relative humidity ______.

decreases

If the temperature of an unsaturated (clear) air parcel does not change while its mixing ratio increases, the density of the parcel ______.

decreases

Evaporation is to condensation as sublimation is to ______.

deposition

A relatively warm surface tends to ______ the overlying air.

destabilize

As the temperature of a saturated (cloudy) air parcel falls, its relative humidity ______.

does not change

Unstable air ______ vertical motion of air parcels

enhances

. On a clear and calm day, the relative humidity usually ______ between sunrise and early afternoon.

falls

Suppose that the vapor pressure of the cold outside air is the same as the vapor pressure of the warm air indoors. If the door is opened and the cold air replaces some of the warm air, then the new relative humidity indoors would be

higher than before

The greatest amount of latent heat is absorbed from the environment when

ice changes directly to vapor

A temperature inversion is characterized by a(n) ______ of air temperature with altitude.

increase

On the continents, annual precipitation ______ annual evapotranspiration.

is greater than

On the ocean, annual precipitation ______ annual evaporation

is less than

Horizontal lines on a Stüve diagram are

isobars

A temperature profile in which the air temperature does not change with altitude

isothermal

A rain shadow is situated downwind from the ______ slopes of a high mountain barrier

leeward

In an agricultural field, direct evaporation of water from the soil is usually ______ transpiration of water by plants.

less than

The saturation mixing ratio increases with ______ air temperature.

rising

The saturation vapor pressure increases with ______ air temperature.

rising

The maximum pressure that water vapor molecules could exert if the air were saturated is called the

saturation vapor pressure

. A snow cover tends to ______ the overlying air.

stabilize

Normally, the stratosphere is ______.

stable

Direct vaporization of snow or ice without melting is known as

sublimation

Stable air tends to ______ convection

suppress

Stable air ______ vertical motion of air parcels

suppresses

The relatively wet slopes of a mountain range:

the leeward side

As saturated (cloudy) air flows up the windward slopes of a mountain range

the saturated mixing ratio decreases

. Cumulus clouds are most likely to build into thunderstorm clouds when the air temperature profile (sounding) indicates ______ conditions.

unstable

Clouds are more likely to develop if a radiosonde sounding indicates ______ air.

unstable

Conditional stability indicates that an air layer is

unstable for cloudy and stable for clear air parcels

. Conditional stability indicates that an air layer is

unstable for saturated and stable for unsaturated air parcels.

If the air temperature drops with altitude such that the actual lapse rate (sounding) is 7 Fahrenheit degrees per 1000 feet, the air layer is ______ for saturated (cloudy) air parcels and ______ for unsaturated (clear) air parcels

unstable...unstable

Cumulus clouds are more likely to form over

vegetated land surface in summer


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