Chapter 6
If the mixing ratio of a parcel of air is 6 grams per kilo¬gram and the relative humidity is 25 percent, the saturation mixing ratio is ______ grams per kilogram.
. 1.5 b. 12 c. 8 d. 2 e. None of these is correct.
Rising parcels of saturated (cloudy) air do not cool as rapidly as rising parcels of unsaturated (clear) air because
. expansional cooling of saturated air is partially compensated for by release of latent heat.
If the air temperature is 12 °C and the vapor pressure is the same as the saturation vapor pressure, the relative humidity is
100%
A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is unstable for unsaturated (clear) air parcels
11
If the mixing ratio of a parcel of air is 2 grams per kilo¬gram and its saturation mixing ratio is 6 grams per kilo¬gram, the relative humidity is ______ percent.
33.3
A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is stable for clear air and unstable for cloudy air
7
A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is conditionally stable.
8
Two equal volumes of air have the same temperature and pressure. One contains more water vapor than the other
Both volumes of air contain the same number of gaseous molecules.
In winter, the precipitable water value is likely to be highest in ________.
Miami, FL
All of the following soundings (temperature profiles) always indicate stable atmospheric conditions with the exception of
a drop of temperature with altitude
A lapse rate of ______ Celsius degrees per 1000 meters is stable for unsaturated air parcels
a. 8 b. 7 c. 2 d. All of these are correct.
As an aircraft ascends within the troposphere, the external
a. air pressure increases. b. vapor pressure increases. c. saturation mixing ratio increases. d. air density increases. e. None of the above is correct.
As an unsaturated parcel of air ascends dry adiabatically,
a. its relative humidity decreases. b. its saturation vapor pressure increases. c. its temperature rises. e. None of the above is correct.
. As a clear parcel of air ascends dry adiabatically
a. its relative humidity increases. b. its saturation vapor pressure decreases. c. its temperature drops. d. All of the above are correct.
As unsaturated (clear) air flows down the leeward slopes of a mountain range,
a. the air temperature rises. b. the relative humidity decreases. c. the saturation vapor pressure increases. d. All of the above are correct.
Air mass advection ______ change the relative humidity
can
Sublimation is to deposition as evaporation is to ______.
condensation
Two equal volumes of air at the same temperature and pressure have different amounts of water vapor in them. The air parcel with the higher relative humidity will
contain the same number of molecules as the other parcel
. If a saturated (cloudy) air parcel is heated (say by absorption of radiation), its relative humidity ______.
decreases
If the temperature of an unsaturated (clear) air parcel does not change while its mixing ratio increases, the density of the parcel ______.
decreases
Evaporation is to condensation as sublimation is to ______.
deposition
A relatively warm surface tends to ______ the overlying air.
destabilize
As the temperature of a saturated (cloudy) air parcel falls, its relative humidity ______.
does not change
Unstable air ______ vertical motion of air parcels
enhances
. On a clear and calm day, the relative humidity usually ______ between sunrise and early afternoon.
falls
Suppose that the vapor pressure of the cold outside air is the same as the vapor pressure of the warm air indoors. If the door is opened and the cold air replaces some of the warm air, then the new relative humidity indoors would be
higher than before
The greatest amount of latent heat is absorbed from the environment when
ice changes directly to vapor
A temperature inversion is characterized by a(n) ______ of air temperature with altitude.
increase
On the continents, annual precipitation ______ annual evapotranspiration.
is greater than
On the ocean, annual precipitation ______ annual evaporation
is less than
Horizontal lines on a Stüve diagram are
isobars
A temperature profile in which the air temperature does not change with altitude
isothermal
A rain shadow is situated downwind from the ______ slopes of a high mountain barrier
leeward
In an agricultural field, direct evaporation of water from the soil is usually ______ transpiration of water by plants.
less than
The saturation mixing ratio increases with ______ air temperature.
rising
The saturation vapor pressure increases with ______ air temperature.
rising
The maximum pressure that water vapor molecules could exert if the air were saturated is called the
saturation vapor pressure
. A snow cover tends to ______ the overlying air.
stabilize
Normally, the stratosphere is ______.
stable
Direct vaporization of snow or ice without melting is known as
sublimation
Stable air tends to ______ convection
suppress
Stable air ______ vertical motion of air parcels
suppresses
The relatively wet slopes of a mountain range:
the leeward side
As saturated (cloudy) air flows up the windward slopes of a mountain range
the saturated mixing ratio decreases
. Cumulus clouds are most likely to build into thunderstorm clouds when the air temperature profile (sounding) indicates ______ conditions.
unstable
Clouds are more likely to develop if a radiosonde sounding indicates ______ air.
unstable
Conditional stability indicates that an air layer is
unstable for cloudy and stable for clear air parcels
. Conditional stability indicates that an air layer is
unstable for saturated and stable for unsaturated air parcels.
If the air temperature drops with altitude such that the actual lapse rate (sounding) is 7 Fahrenheit degrees per 1000 feet, the air layer is ______ for saturated (cloudy) air parcels and ______ for unsaturated (clear) air parcels
unstable...unstable
Cumulus clouds are more likely to form over
vegetated land surface in summer
