Chapter 6

The first of these states to ratify the Constitution was: Delaware. New York. Rhode Island. Virginia. Massachusetts.

Delaware.

The Sedition Act was aimed primarily at: foreign immigrants. anti-war Federalists. Republican newspaper editors. French spies. draft evaders.

Republican newspaper editors.

Daniel Boone's route into Kentucky was the: Fincastle Turnpike. Great Valley Road. Appalachian Trail. Warrior's Path. Wilderness Road.

Wilderness Road.

One serious economic problem under the Articles of Confederation was: a scarcity of good farmland. a shortage of "hard money." the impossibility of obtaining credit. excessively high income taxes.

a shortage of "hard money."

Alexander Hamilton's basic vision of America was to make it: a vibrant capitalist power. a democratic model for the world. a mighty empire like ancient Rome. committed to limited government and social equality. an example of racial tolerance and diversity.

a vibrant capitalist power.

The delegates who met at the Constitutional Convention: included John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. tended to be elderly. wanted a weaker central government. included many participants in the Revolution. arrived knowing what they wanted.

included many participants in the Revolution.

Shays's Rebellion was led by: merchants. factory workers. bankers. indebted farmers. ambitious politicians.

indebted farmers.

Jay's Treaty: shut American merchants out of the West Indies. ended a war with the British. was most strongly opposed in New England. infuriated Republicans for its concessions to the British. forced Hamilton's resignation from the cabinet.

infuriated Republicans for its concessions to the British.

Washington's farewell address: praised the emerging party system. urged greater involvement in Europe. was soon forgotten since Washington was a poor speaker. was pessimistic about the nation's future. opposed permanent alliances.

opposed permanent alliances.

Under the Articles of Confederation, western lands would be: divided up among the existing states. free of slavery. recognized as belonging to the Indians. owned by the national government. extended to the Pacific.

owned by the national government.

In regard to religion, the Constitution: makes the United States a Christian nation. reflects the atheism of the Founding Fathers. prohibits the states from having official churches. expresses hostility toward religion. prevents Congress from establishing an official religion.

prevents Congress from establishing an official religion.

The Great Compromise: was negotiated by Benjamin Franklin. showed the South's determination to protect slavery. listed the explicit powers of Congress. created a four-year term for president. settled the question of congressional representation.

settled the question of congressional representation.

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions argued that: states could nullify federal laws. taxes imposed by Congress were unconstitutional. immigrants should be expelled from the country if they were not loyal to the American cause. the "freedom of speech" clause in the Bill of Rights did not apply to purely political rhetoric. new Western states should be admitted as quickly as possible.

states could nullify federal laws.

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787: banned slavery in the Northwest. made Ohio and Indiana states immediately. established colonies in the Ohio Valley. denied self-government to that region. provided for joint occupation of that area with the British.

banned slavery in the Northwest.

The Federalist Number 10 explains how a republic can: defend itself. become a democracy. create a just society. pays its debts. be successful in a large, diverse society.

be successful in a large, diverse society.

The Constitution addressed slavery by: referring numerous times to "slaves" or "slavery." counting slaves as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of apportionment. requiring that all slaves count toward a state's congressional representation. making it legal in every state. requiring that slaves have full legal protections.

counting slaves as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of apportionment.

Edmond Genet: came to the United States to escape the revolutionary excesses of the French Revolution. encouraged Americans to attack English and Spanish vessels. quickly won the sympathy of Alexander Hamilton and the Federalists. was deeply involved in the XYZ affair. became a leading member of the Republican party.

encouraged Americans to attack English and Spanish vessels.

Under President Adams, a war between the United States and France: was an undeclared naval conflict. was ended by the XYZ affair. halted partisan divisions. ended in American victory. led to French attacks on the U.S. coast.

was an undeclared naval conflict.

One key element of Hamilton's program to encourage manufacturing was his proposal for: a cutoff of trade with Britain. high protective tariffs. government-owned factories. importation of cheap foreign labor. government colleges for industrial education.

high protective tariffs.

The Constitution was to be considered ratified as soon as it had been approved by: the Constitutional Convention. the Continental Congress. all thirteen states. nine of the states. a majority popular vote.

nine of the states.

The phrase "critical period" refers to: the time of the Revolutionary War. the summer the Constitution was written. America under the Articles of Confederation. George Washington's presidency. the years of tension over British taxes.

America under the Articles of Confederation.

Pinckney's Treaty resulted in: American ownership of the Mississippi River. expulsion of the Indians from the Southwest. American trade access to Spanish New Orleans. Spain's withdrawal from Florida. the right of Americans to settle in Texas.

American trade access to Spanish New Orleans.

Who among the following was an anti-Federalist? Alexander Hamilton John Jay George Mason James Madison George Washington

George Mason

The Federalist essays were written by: Madison and Washington. John Jay. Patrick Henry. Hamilton, Madison, and Jay. John Adams.

Hamilton, Madison, and Jay.

The Founding Fathers viewed the most "democratic" branch of the government as the: presidency. Senate. Supreme Court. cabinet. House of Representatives.

House of Representatives.

The Constitutional Convention's most gifted political philosopher and the man who emerged as its central figure was: Alexander Hamilton. George Washington. Benjamin Franklin. Patrick Henry. James Madison.

James Madison.

Shays's Rebellion broke out in: Boston. New York City. Massachusetts. Rhode Island. Pennsylvania.

Massachusetts.

In early 1789, the new Congress gathered in the national capital, which was: Philadelphia. New York City. Boston. Washington, D.C. Baltimore.

New York City.

When Britain and France went to war in 1793, the United States: supported Britain because of its conservative government. supported France because of the Franco-American alliance. expressed neutrality, warning Americans not to aid either side. allied with other nations to oppose both Britain and France. sharply increased its military spending.

expressed neutrality, warning Americans not to aid either side.

Which of the following gave the Confederation government the most trouble? finances Indian affairs land policy postal service immigration policy

finances

Opposition to Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey was strongest among: merchants. Federalists. veterans. frontier farmers. churchgoers.

frontier farmers.

Jefferson's election in 1800: continued the Federalist domination of the U.S. government. had to be settled by the House of Representatives. was assured when Aaron Burr agreed to withdraw as a candidate for president. was assured when George Washington announced his support of Jefferson just three weeks before the election. ended party divisions.

had to be settled by the House of Representatives.

In his inaugural address, President Washington emphasized: his economic plans. party politics. national unity. relations with Britain. his cabinet selections.

national unity.

The emergence of political parties: was anticipated by the writers of the Constitution. was strongly encouraged by President Washington. resulted from a division between monarchists and republicans. brought the United States to the brink of civil war. reflected basic philosophical differences between Jefferson and Hamilton.

reflected basic philosophical differences between Jefferson and Hamilton.

Madison decided to support Hamilton's debt proposals in return for an agreement to: give more money to the original bondholders. make the states pay their own debts. cut taxes. limit future federal spending. relocate the nation capital southward.

relocate the nation capital southward.

According to the Constitution, the president has the authority to do all of the following, EXCEPT: veto acts of Congress. resign and choose his successor. serve a four-year term. act as commander in chief of the armed forces. appoint diplomats and judges.

resign and choose his successor.

After the Revolutionary War, American trade with Britain: was illegal. was limited to the West Indies. resumed, but without access to the West Indies. was minimal. was unrestricted.

resumed, but without access to the West Indies.

The Constitutional Convention, which assembled in May 1787, was supposed to: write a new Constitution. address the country's financial crisis. revise the Articles of Confederation. nominate someone for president. discuss better trade relations with Britain.

revise the Articles of Confederation.

On the question of women's rights, the proposed Constitution: denied the vote to females. was surprisingly progressive for its time. defined women as the property of their husbands. accepted the advice of prominent women. said nothing.

said nothing.

The Bill of Rights did all of the following, EXCEPT: safeguard freedoms such as press, speech, and assembly. appease some initial critics of the Constitution. constitute the first ten amendments to the Constitution. protect against "cruel and unusual" punishment. settle all questions about federal versus state authority.

settle all questions about federal versus state authority.

The Federalist argued that: the size and diversity of the large new country would make it impossible for any one faction to control the government. the Constitution was necessary to prevent one faction from taking control of the nation. a republican form of government could not work in a nation as large as the United States and therefore the Constitution was necessary. the Constitution would promote control of the government by one faction, which would be good for the nation. if the Constitution failed, the country could always go back to the Articles of Confederation.

the size and diversity of the large new country would make it impossible for any one faction to control the government.

After Shays's Rebellion: Massachusetts was governed by martial law. farmers throughout America were watched by local committees of safety. England prepared for the possibility of resuming the war. there were numerous calls promoting a stronger central government. taxes were increased.

there were numerous calls promoting a stronger central government.

Shays's Rebellion: spread to several northern states. was supported by George Washington and other elite figures. was repressed by state militia. resulted in massive bloodshed and property destruction. made Americans more fearful of strong central government.

was repressed by state militia.

The Judiciary Act of 1801: created three new positions on the Supreme Court. was the first act passed by the Republicans. allowed federal judges to be impeached under the Sedition Act. was the legacy of the Federalists as they left office. was vetoed by President Jefferson.

was the legacy of the Federalists as they left office.

The 640-acre sections created by the Land Ordinance of 1785: would be given to settlers for free. raised enough money to pay the national debt. would be reserved for veterans of the Revolution. would be sold by local banks. were part of six-square-mile townships.

were part of six-square-mile townships.

Madison's Virginia Plan: would create a president for life. would create a two-house Congress. was most favored by the small states. would simply amend the Articles of Confederation. would abolish the state governments.

would create a two-house Congress.

The Bank of the United States: would be totally owned by the federal government. had unanimous support in Congress. was specifically authorized by the Constitution. would provide a stable national currency. was ultimately opposed by President Washington.

would provide a stable national currency.