Chapter 6 chemistry of sea water

If the salinity of ocean water is 36 permil;, there are ______ g of salt left from evaporating 2 kg of seawater.

72

The rate at which the oceans absorb carbon dioxide is controlled by

Answers:a. temperature, salinity and pressure .b. pH. c. mixing and circulation processes.d. a, b, and c are correct. (answer)

T or F An ion with a negative charge is called a cation.

False

T or F Anoxic water contains too much oxygen.

False

T or F formation of evaporites acts to add salts to seawater

False

If a chemical is not very abundant in the ocean but has a high rate of delivery to the ocean from land sources it will have a ___________ residence time in the ocean and will_____ become part of the sea floor sediments

Short, quickly

T or F In the process called osmosis, water naturally travels through a semipermeable membrane from the side of low salt concentration to the side of high salt concentration.

True

T or F Instruments used to measure the electrical conductivity of seawater can produce continuous readings of salinity with depth or continuous readings of salinity with time at a fixed depth.

True

T or F Seawater percolating through the fractured crust along ridge systems acts to both remove salts from and add salts to seawater.

True

T or F The oceans are a major oxygen contributor to the earth's atmosphere.

True

T or F When the salinity of a seawater sample changes, the ratio of the major salt ions does not change.

True

T or F surface values of dissolved oxygen may exceed 100% saturation

True

True or false The process of reverse osmosis uses pressure to separate fresh water from salt water through a semipermeable membrane

True

The major ionic constituents of sea salt are normally found to

a. have a constant ratio of each constituent to each other. Answers:a. have a constant ratio of each constituent to each other. b. behave as conservative materials. c. have the same ratio to each other even when diluted by rainwater. d. All of the above are correct. (is answer)

The carbonate system in seawater keeps the water's pH

a. slightly alkaline.

Ions are removed from seawater most effectively by

adsorption

Salinity may be measured by checking the water's

conductivity

Nutrients are non-conservative constituents of seawater because they

do not maintain constant ratios to each other, are recycled into plants and animals. (b and C)

Which situations cause an ion to have a long residence time in the oceans?

none of the above

Electrical conductivity readings at a known temperature measure

salinity

A device used to separate fresh water from salt water using heat is called a(n)

still

Sources of oxygen in the open sea include

the atmosphere and photosynthesis (both b and c)