Chapter 6: Cultural and ethnic

7. A set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and practices shared by a group is referred to as: a.race. b.ethnicity. c.culture. d.religion.

c.culture. Culture is a set of: -learned values -beliefs -customs -practices shared by a group and are passed from one generation to another. pg. 95

4. When members of a particular ethnic group believe that their beliefs and practices are the best, this is called: a.prejudice. b.separatism. c.ethnocentrism. d.bias.

c.ethnocentrism. When members of a particular ethnic group believe that their practices and beliefs are the best, it is referred to as ethnocentrism. Most people look at the world from their own cultural viewpoint. Nurse must learn to value the beliefs of others and realize that practices of other cultures can be valuable in health care. pg. 96

35. The nurse is caring for a postpartum patient who requests to dry and bury the umbilical cord near an object or in a place that symbolizes what the parents want for the child's future. The nurse recognizes that the patient is adhering to the cultural beliefs of which culture? a.American Indians b.African-Americans c.Chinese-Americans d.Mexican-Americans

a.American Indians After delivery American Indians practice taking the umbilical cord from the newborn, drying and burying it near an object or place that symbolizes what the parents want for the child's future. infant death rate remains disproportionally high for American Indians. pg. 113

37. What should the culturally sensitive nurse do for a Muslim woman being treated in the hospital? (Select all that apply.) a.Assign only female staff to care for her. b.Keep her head and extremities covered as much as possible. c.Arrange for family to bring specially prepared pork dishes. d.Let her make decisions relative to her care. e.Allow privacy for prayer.

a.Assign only female staff to care for her. b.Keep her head and extremities covered as much as possible. e.Allow privacy for prayer. Muslim women are not accustomed to making decisions, leaving it to the head of the house or the family as a whole. Muslims do not eat pork. pg. 111-114

36. What are some characteristics that cultures have in common? (Select all that apply.) a.Economic practices b.Survival modes c.Transportation systems d.Language e.Family systems

a.Economic practices b.Survival modes c.Transportation systems e.Family systems Social customs and mores, and religious systems. Language may differ within cultures; the rest are shared characteristics. pg. 96 Box. 6.1

25. Which health belief system includes a belief of a supernatural force exerting influence to cause heath or illness? a.Folk b.Holistic c.Biomedical d.Alternative/complementary

a.Folk The folk health belief system is commonly referred to as "third-world" beliefs and practices. It is often called strange by nurses and other health professionals who are unfamiliar with folk medicine beliefs. pg. 108 Table. 6.2

24. The health belief system that is commonly referred to as "third-world" beliefs and practices is: a.Folk health belief system b.Holistic health belief system c.Biomedical health belief system d.Alternative/complementary belief system

a.Folk health belief system The folk health belief system is commonly referred to as "third-world" beliefs and practices. It is often called strange or weird by nurses and other health professionals who are unfamiliar with folk medicine beliefs. pg. 108 Table. 6.2

23. Which statement about the biomedical health belief system is true? a.Life processes can be manipulated by human beings by mechanical interventions. b.Life processes cannot be manipulated by human beings by mechanical interventions. c.Disease has a nonspecific cause, onset, course, and treatment. d.Disease is only caused by failure of body parts and chemical imbalances.

a.Life processes can be manipulated by human beings by mechanical interventions. -Characteristic of the biomedical health belief system include the beliefs that life is regulated by biomedical and physical processes. -Life processes can be manipulated by human beings by mechanical interventions. -Health is the absence of disease or signs and symptoms of disease. -Disease is an alteration of the structure and function of the body. -Disease has a specific cause, onset, course, and treatment. It is caused by trauma, pathogens, chemical imbalances, or failure of body parts. -Treatment focuses on the use of physical and chemical treatments. pg. 108 Table. 6.2

29. A patient requests a consultation between the physician and a religious leader known as an Imam. The nurse recognizes that the patient is adhering to the cultural beliefs of which culture? a.Muslims b.African-Americans c.Chinese-Americans d.Mexican-Americans

a.Muslims Muslims may wish to have their doctor consult with an Imam, a religious leader. Often included in health-related decisions pg. 111-112

27. The nurse is caring for a patient who fasts during daylight hours during Ramadan. The nurse recognizes that the patient is adhering to the cultural beliefs of which culture? a.Muslims b.African-Americans c.Chinese-Americans d.Mexican-American

a.Muslims-Americans Muslims practice fasting during daylight hours during Ramadan. Medical condition often exempts person from fasting allow family to provide meals if allowed with treatment Alcohol and drugs are forbidden Pregnant women are exempt from fasting. pg. 114

20. A nurse discussing birth control options for a Roman Catholic patient should encourage: a.abstinence. b.vasectomy. c.tubal ligation. d.oral contraceptives.

a.abstinence. Birth control for Roman Catholics is prohibited except for abstinence or natural family planning. Referral to a priest for questions about this can be of great help. Nurses can teach the techniques of natural family planning if they are familiar with them; otherwise, this should be referred to the physician or to a support group of the Church that instructs couples in this method of birth control. Sterilization is prohibited unless there is an overriding medical reason. pg. 105

32. The nurse caring for a Mexican-American patient demonstrates cultural sensitivity by: a.encouraging consultation of male members of the family regarding health care decisions. b.discouraging consultation of male members of the family regarding health care decisions. c.insisting on providing all personal care required by the patient. d.asking only female family members about health care decisions.

a.encouraging consultation of male members of the family regarding health care decisions. -When caring for Mexican-Americans, families may expect to help care for the patient. -Male family members usually are consulted before health care decisions are made. -only wife is permitted to give care to husband at home if genitalia are touched pg. 112

34. The nurse caring for a Mexican-American patient who is in labor demonstrates cultural sensitivity by: a.encouraging female family members to be present for the delivery. b.encouraging the patient's spouse to be present for the delivery. c.asking the patient's spouse to see his baby before cutting the umbilical cord. d.asking patient's spouse to hold the neonate before bathing the neonate

a.encouraging female family members to be present for the delivery. When caring for Mexican-Americans, it is considered inappropriate for the husband to be present during birth. The father is not expected to see his wife or baby until both are cleaned and dressed. Female family members sometimes request to be present during labor and delivery. pg. 113

14. A nurse caring for a neonate born to observant Orthodox Jewish parents anticipates the neonate will be named by its: a.father. b.mother. c.grandfather. d.grandmother.

a.father. For observant Jews, babies are named by the father. male children are named 8 days after birth, when ritual circumcision is done pg. 104

12. A group of people who share biologic physical characteristics is known as a: a.race. b.culture. c.religion. d.social organization.

a.race. A race is a group of people who share biologic physical characteristics and hereditary factors. pg. 97

15. A nurse caring for a male neonate born to observant Orthodox Jewish parents anticipates the neonate will be circumcised by: a.a bishop. b.a mohel. c.his father. d.his physician.

b.a mohel. For observant Jews, babies are named by the father. Male children are named 8 days after birth, when ritual circumcision is done. A mohel performs the circumcision. pg. 104

10. The father of an American Indian has just died. Immediately after death, the nurse should: a.provide privacy so that the family may touch and kiss the deceased goodbye. b.ask about providing help with the death ceremony. c.carefully wrap the deceased's clothing for the family to take home. d.mention the deceased by name frequently.

b.ask about providing help with the death ceremony. shared responsibility is and has great importance In the American Indian culture it is taboo against touching the deceased or any of the belongings of the deceased. After death, the name of the deceased is not spoken.

6. In the United States, the basic philosophy relative to health care is: a.folk remedies. b.biomedical therapy. c.holistic therapy. d.spiritual intervention.

b.biomedical therapy. Most people in the United States believe biomedical therapy is the best way to treat disease. pg. 106

19. During Passover, a nurse caring for an Orthodox Jewish patient should: a.avoid fish dishes. b.encourage time for prayer. c.offer the patient leavened products. d.encourage the use of loud music in celebration.

b.encourage time for prayer. During Passover, no leavened products are eaten. Orthodox Jews say prayers over the bread and wine before meals. Time and a quiet environment should be provided for this. pg. 104

26. The health belief system that focuses on restoring balance with physical, social, and metaphysical worlds is the: a.folk health belief system. b.holistic health belief system. c.biomedical health belief system. d.alternative/complementary belief system.

b.holistic health belief system. The treatment based on the holistic health belief system is designed to restore balance with physical, social, and metaphysical worlds. pg. 108 Table. 6.2

5. The term used to describe cultures in which women make decisions about health care and provide the care and discipline to the children is: a.biological. b.matriarchal. c.cultural. d.patriarchal.

b.matriarchal. In a matriarchal society, women make the decisions about health care, provide the care, and discipline children. Ex. expect to give care to a family member in the hospital Patriarchal: the men (often the oldest) make most of the decisions. Ex. delays any decisions until the oldest man in the family is consulted. pg. 101

1. Culture varies from patient to patient, so the nurse must understand and accept each person as an individual to: a.develop a plan of care. b.provide holistic care. c.identify differences. d.support each patient.

b.provide holistic care. Accepting each person as an individual is the first step in providing holistic care. It is best to deliver culturally competent care and avoid stereotyping behaviors pg. 95

9. A patient from Atlanta, Georgia, and a nurse from New York City may experience difficulty in communication because they are from different: a.races. b.subcultures. c.ethnic groups. d.cultures.

b.subcultures. Subcultures share many characteristics with the primary culture but have characteristic patterns of behavior and ideals that distinguish them from the rest of the culture. Race: group of people who share biologic physical characteristic ethnic group: group of people who share a common social and cultural heritage based on shared traditions, national origin, and physical and biologic characteristics. Culture: learned of values, beliefs, customs, and practices that are shared by a group and are passed from one generation to another pg. 95

3. All nurses should work to provide culturally appropriate nursing care. The integration of cultural knowledge into all aspects of care is known as: a.cultural competence. b.transcultural nursing. c.nursing process. d.team nursing.

b.transcultural nursing. All nurses should provide transcultural (relating to or involving more than one culture) nursing. Many variations in cultural and subculture practices, culturally appropriate nursing care is a challenge in the 21st century Understanding these variables and integrating an understanding into all aspects of nursing care. pg. 96

18. A nurse caring for an Orthodox Jewish patient should recognize that dietary requirements for this patient include: a.mixing of milk and meat at a meal. b.use of separate cooking utensils for meat and milk products. c.use of one set of cooking utensils for meat and milk products. d.consumption of food not slaughtered in accordance with Jewish law.

b.use of separate cooking utensils for meat and milk products For observant Jews, Kosher dietary laws include the following: -no mixing of milk and meat at a meal -no consumption of food or any derivative thereof from animals not slaughtered in accordance with Jewish law -use of separate cooking utensils for meat and milk products -if a patient requires milk and meat products for a meal, the dairy foods should be served first, followed later by the meat. pg. 104

33. The nurse caring for an African-American patient recognizes that the primary decision makers in the patient's family generally are: a.men. b.women. c.clergy. d.grandparents.

b.women. When caring for African-Americans, women are primarily decision makers in the family and are frequently the head of the household. extended family plays important role. even when not related by blood, close ties, exist. may refer these people as "aunt" "uncle" "grandmother" and include them in family decisions pg. 112

40. Following the death of a Presbyterian infant, the nurse should help arrange for __________.

baptism Presbyterians believe in infant baptism. Infants baptism is practiced with pouring or sprinkling. Immersion is also practice at times for adults. pg. 105

16. A nurse caring for a female neonate born to observant Orthodox Jewish parents anticipates the neonate will be named during a reading of the: a.Bible b.Koran c.Holy Torah d.Book of Mormon

c.Holy Torah For observant Jews, female babies are usually named during a reading of the Holy Torah. pg. 104

8. A nurse is American-born and works in a large hospital with patients from many cultures. To provide care, the nurse must develop: a.another language. b.assessment skills. c.cultural competence. d.care planning ability.

c.cultural competence. To provide care to patients from different cultures, the nurse must develop cultural competence. awareness of ones' own cultural beliefs and practices and theirs relation to those of others, which may be different. nurse should include about cultural practices during the nursing process Critical and important information in developing the plan of care to meet patient's needs. pg. 96

30. The health care facility demonstrates cultural sensitivity to a female Muslim patient by: a.offering her a ham and cheese sandwich. b.providing her with a male nurse. c.providing her with a female nurse. d.offering her bacon and eggs.

c.providing her with a female nurse. When caring for Muslims, same-sex health care providers should be used if at all possible. Women do not usually shake hands with men. Women prefer to keep head, arms, and legs covered. Ham and bacon are not appropriate items to offer a Muslim patient, since they do not consume pork products. pg. 112

43. A set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and practices that are shared by a group and are passed from one generation to another is known as ________________.

culture Culture is a set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and practices that are shared by a group and are passed from one generation to another. pg. 95

41. While caring for a Mexican-American family in the home, the home health nurse recognizes that the family may also consult the _____________ for health advice.

curandero, folk healer The curandero or folk healer is an important figure in the health care of Mexican-Americans.

17. A nurse caring for an Orthodox Jewish woman immediately after she has given birth anticipates the patient's spouse will: a.share a bed with the patient. b.ask to bathe with the patient. c.touch the patient frequently. d.avoid physical contact with the patient.

d.avoid physical contact with the patient. For observant Jews, a woman is considered to be in a ritual state of impurity whenever blood is coming from her uterus, such as during menstrual periods and after the birth of a child. During this time, her husband will not have physical contact with her. When this time is completed, she will bathe herself in a pool called a mikvah. Nurses need to be aware of this practice and be sensitive to the husband and wife because the husband will not touch his wife. He can not assist her in moving in the bed, so the nurse has to do this. Men only touches only wife, daughters, and mother pg. 104

28. The nurse caring for a Muslim patient nurse recognizes that appropriate dietary suggestions to offer this patient include: a.bacon, eggs, and toast. b.pork fried rice. c.ham and cheese sandwich. d.chicken and rice.

d.chicken and rice. Muslim-americans practice avoidance of foods that include pork products. Bacon, pork, and ham are all pork products. Only chicken and rice does not include a pork product. pg. 114

2. A fixed concept of how all members of an ethnic group act or think is identified as: a.variations within a cultural group. b.identical practices. c.holistic nursing. d.ethnic stereotype.

d.ethnic stereotype. Ethnic stereotypes are fixed concepts of how all members of an ethnic group act or think. pg. 96

13. A group of people who share a common social and cultural heritage based on shared traditions, national origin, and physical and biologic characteristics is known as a(n): a.race. b.culture. c.religion. d.ethnicity

d.ethnicity Ethnicity refers to a group of people who share a common social and cultural heritage based on shared traditions, national origin, and physical and biologic characteristics. They often share: -social practices -language -religion -dress -music -food pg. 97

21. A nurse caring for a patient who is a Latter-Day Saint should recognize that this patient's drink preference is: a.tea with all meals. b.coffee each morning. c.cola beverages. d.fruit juice.

d.fruit juice. For observant Latter-Day Saints, beverages with caffeine such as cola, coffee, and tea, alcohol, and other substances are considered injurious. Mormons eat meat but encourage the intake of fruits, grains, and herbs. pg. 102

22. A nurse caring for a patient who is a Latter-Day Saint should recognize that members of this faith may wear sacred undergarments. When caring for the patient the nurse should: a.instruct the patient to remove the undergarments. b.allow the patient to wear the undergarments only at night. c.allow the patient to wear the undergarments only during the day. d.remove the undergarments in emergency situations only.

d.remove the undergarments in emergency situations only. For observant Latter-Day Saints, a sacred undergarment may be worn at all times and should be removed only in emergency situations. cleanliness is very important to Mormons. pg. 102

31. The nurse caring for a Chinese-American patient demonstrates cultural awareness by: a.maintaining eye contact with the patient. b.holding the patient's hand while conversing. c.touching the patient's arm when speaking to the patient. d.sitting side-to-side when speaking with the patient.

d.sitting side-to-side when speaking with the patient. Chinese-Americans view maintaining eye contact as ill mannered and disrespectful. They are uncomfortable when face-to-face, and prefer to sit side-to-side or at a right angle to carry on conversation. Touching is not usual during conversation; it is regarded as disrespectful or impolite. Touch possibly among safe-sex acquaintances, but touching in public between opposite sexes is not acceptable. pg. 112

11. A generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or a group is known as a(n): a.dialect. b.religion. c.ethnicity. d.stereotype.

d.stereotype. A stereotype is a generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or a group. pg. 96

39. The cultural characteristic of unwillingness to leave a current activity—which may result in late or missed appointments—is called ____________.

elasticity Elasticity is the ethnic characteristic of being late or missing an appointment altogether because of involvement in a current activity. Implies that future activities are possible to recover but not present ones. Mexican-Americans pg. 101

38. The nurse should not maintain eye contact with a Korean patient because many Asians believe prolonged eye contact is _____________.

impolite, rude. Many Asians avoid eye contact, believing it to be impolite or rude. ill mannered and disrespectful pg. 112

42. A nation, community, or broad group of people who establish particular aims, beliefs, or standards of living and conduct is known as a _____________.

society A society is a nation, community, or broad group of people who establish particular aims, beliefs, or standards of living and conduct. pg. 95

44. A generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or a group is known as a _________________.

stereotype A stereotype is a generalization about a form of behavior, an individual, or a group. pg. 96