Chapter 6- Erickson

_____, developed in the seventh stage of life, may be the most important factor contributing to ego integrity in the eighth and final stage of psychosocial development. Select one: a. Generativity b. Intimacy c. Industriousness d. Trust

a. Generativity

Which of the following did Erikson consider to be a positive outcome in the young adulthood stage? Select one: a. A person establishes intimate relationships. b. Individuals establish their dependence on their parents. c. A person acquires the skill of competence. d. Individuals focus on understanding the purpose of their lives.

a. A person establishes intimate relationships.

Erikson's childhood and youth were characterized by: Select one: a. a number of identity crises. b. a conflicted relationship with his negligent mother. c. a strong bond with his biological father. d. a strong Oedipal complex.

a. a number of identity crises.

Adolescents who have not experienced an identity crisis but are committed to an occupation are in the: Select one: a. foreclosure status. b. moratorium status. c. identity competence status. d. identity achievement status.

a. foreclosure status

According to Erikson, a person in the adulthood stage experiences _____ versus _____ and needs to be involved in teaching and guiding the next generation. Select one: a. generativity; stagnation b. ego integrity; despair c. intimacy; isolation d. industriousness; inferiority

a. generativity; stagnation

The locomotor-genital stage of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, which occurs between ages 3 and 5, involves _____ as the two ways of coping. Select one: a. initiative versus guilt b. identity versus role confusion c. autonomy versus doubt and shame d. trust versus mistrust

a. initiative versus guilt

On the free will-determinism dimension, Erikson's theory of human nature: Select one: a. is only partially deterministic. b. rejects determinism in favor of free will. c. proposes no ultimate life goal. d. focuses mainly on free will and innate tendencies.

a. is only partially deterministic.

In Erikson's view, malignancies develop when: Select one: a. only a negative tendency is present. b. only an adaptive tendency is present. c. neuroses predominate. d. adulthood is reached.

a. only a negative tendency is present.

From his early work and analysis with Anna Freud, Erikson developed an interest in: Select one: a. psychoanalytic work with children. b. feminine psychology. c. understanding the biological influences of personality development. d. the unconscious and subconscious thoughts of his patients.

a. psychoanalytic work with children.

Erikson believed that for adolescents, excessive association with fanatical groups and cults or obsession with popular cultural icons could: Select one: a. restrict the developing ego. b. increase their positive well-being. c. lead them to develop their superego. d. help them overcome issues of fidelity.

a. restrict the developing ego

The term fidelity encompasses: Select one: a. sincerity, genuineness, and a sense of duty in relationships. b. trust, autonomy, initiative, and industriousness. c. the courage to envision and pursue goals. d. the freedom of choice and self-restraint.

a. sincerity, genuineness, and a sense of duty in relationships

In his study of play constructions, Erikson believed he saw: Select one: a. the symbolic expression of the genitals for both sexes. b. proof of his first three developmental stages. c. how sex roles were changing in modern culture. d. gender neutrality in the selection of play objects.

a. the symbolic expression of the genitals for both sexes.

In which of the following did Erikson note the phenomenon of identity confusion? Select one: a. His study of patients in Vienna b. His study of World War II veterans c. His study of schizophrenic adults d. All of these are correct.

b. His study of World War II veterans

Erikson extended Freud's theory by placing greater emphasis on the _____ than on the _____. Select one: a. id; ego b. ego; id c. superego; ego d. unconscious; id

b. ego; id

Erikson used the term _____ to refer to the idea that human development is governed by a sequence of stages that depend on hereditary factors. Select one: a. functional autonomy of motives b. epigenetic principle of maturation c. expressive behavior d. primary-process thought

b. epigenetic principle of maturation

Each of the following is a psychological type, or status, in the adolescent stage of development except: Select one: a. identity achievement. b. identity competence. c. foreclosure. d. moratorium.

b. identity competence.

During Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development, when trust or mistrust are the ways of coping, the most important body part is the: Select one: a. anus. b. mouth. c. stomach. d. nose.

b. mouth.

Erikson's most unusual assessment technique is: Select one: a. dream analysis. b. psych historical analysis. c. free association. d. birth order characterization.

b. psych historical analysis.

Erikson studied each of the following groups except: Select one: a. delinquents. b. schizophrenic adults. c. Native American tribes. d. normal children.

b. schizophrenic adults.

In Erikson's view, at each stage of psychosocial development, _____. Select one: a. the maladaptive way of coping must be suppressed b. the ego must incorporate both maladaptive and adaptive ways of coping c. we must eliminate our sexual and physical needs d. the mother is most important in resolving the crisis for the child

b. the ego must incorporate both maladaptive and adaptive ways of coping

According to Erikson, _____ involves a determination to exercise freedom of choice and self-restraint in the face of society's demands. Select one: a. competence b. will c. purpose d. fidelity

b. will

The psychosocial developmental stage of maturity that lasts the longest is the: Select one: a. muscular-anal stage. b. locomotor-genital stage. c. adulthood stage. d. latency stage.

c. adulthood stage.

Erikson's epigenetic principle of maturation: Select one: a. concerns the time required for a child to grow or mature to become an adult. b. states that personality is determined entirely by genetics. c. asserts that development is determined by both biological and social factors. d. confirms that only social and environmental factors determine our personality.

c. asserts that development is determined by both biological and social factors.

After migrating from Vienna, Erikson worked: Select one: a. in Germany with schizophrenic patients. b. with young children in Africa. c. at a guidance center for emotionally disturbed delinquents. d. with Sigmund Freud.

c. at a guidance center for emotionally disturbed delinquents.

Erikson suggests that the failure of a person to adapt at one developmental stage: Select one: a. dooms the person to failure at later stages. b. can displace the person's true developing self. c. can be corrected successfully at a later stage. d. prevents the development of the superego.

c. can be corrected successfully at a later stage.

Erikson's primary research method was the: Select one: a. Inkblot analysis. b. psychoanalysis questionnaire. c. case study. d. free association analysis.

c. case study.

Erikson divided the growth of the personality into: Select one: a. nine stages up to adolescence. b. four psychosexual levels. c. eight psychosocial stages of development. d. six categories of biological changes.

c. eight psychosocial stages of development.

According to Erikson, if a conflict at one developmental stage cannot be resolved, then a person is more likely to: Select one: a. resolve it during the later stages. b. compensate for it at the next stage of development. c. find it difficult to adapt to later problems. d. overcome problems faster in later stages.

c. find it difficult to adapt to later problems.

Research on Erikson's theory suggests that college may delay the resolution of the _____. Select one: a. generativity crisis b. womb envy c. identity crisis d. penis envy

c. identity crisis

According to Erikson, people who are unable to develop positive relationships during young adulthood may prefer to be alone because they fear _____ as a threat to their ego identity. Select one: a. casual social contact b. unconscious desires c. intimacy d. conflict

c. intimacy

Identify the assessment technique Erikson used in his analysis of emotionally disturbed children. Select one: a. Psychological testing b. Free association c. Dream analysis d. Play therapy

d. Play therapy

Ego integrity involves: Select one: a. making unconscious desires conscious. b. allowing the superego and the id to be more balanced. c. experiencing a sense of frustration with one's past. d. accepting one's place and one's past.

d. accepting one's place and one's past.

Erikson believed that the basic strength associated with adulthood is: Select one: a. wisdom. b. love. c. purpose d. care.

d. care.

Each of Erikson's developmental stages provides individuals an opportunity to: Select one: a. increase their awareness of their unconscious mind. b. explore the pleasure principle. c. overcome genetic predispositions. d. develop their basic strengths.

d. develop their basic strengths.

One of the most important contributions of Erikson's personality theory is to the field of: Select one: a. psychometry. b. computational social science. c. recombinant memetics. d. life-span developmental psychology.

d. life-span developmental psychology

According to Erikson, a(n) _____ identity is preferable to no identity during the adolescent stage. Select one: a. positive b. confusing c. incongruent d. negative

d. negative

According to Erikson, personality develops: Select one: a. mostly during early childhood. b. only until age five. c. during adolescence. d. over the entire life span.

d. over the entire life span.

Generativity in middle age correlates positively with: Select one: a. income. b. hope. c. wisdom. d. power.

d. power.

Erikson included all of the following in his theory of personality except: Select one: a. the eight stages of life. b. social and environmental forces. c. basic strengths. d. unconscious forces.

d. unconscious forces.

The basic strength associated with the final stage of psychosocial development is: Select one: a. hope. b. faith. c. purpose. d. wisdom.

d. wisdom.