Chapter 6

Figure is to ground as _____ is to _____.

a white cloud; blue sky

Schemas are best described as:

concepts that organize sensory input

Although Sue Yen sees her chemistry professor several times a week, she didn't recognize the professor when she saw her in the grocery store. This est illustrates the importance of:

context effects

Stereotypes are mental conceptions that can strongly influence the way we interpret the behaviors of individuals belonging to specific racial or ethnic groups. A stereotype is most similar to a:

perceptual set

The perceptual tendency to group together stimuli that are near each other is called:

proximity

Although the mountains were over 30 miles away, the morning sky was so clear that Showana thought they were only half the distance away. This best illustrates the importance of:

relative clarity

Holding tow index fingers in front of the eyes can create the perception of a floating finger sausage. This best illustrates the effect of:

retinal disparity

Our inability to consciously perceive all the sensory information available to us at any single point in time best illustrates the necessity of:

selection attention

Because the two teams wore different-colored uniforms, Cheri perceived the ten basketball players as two distinct groups. This best illustrated the principle of:

similarity

The visually perceived distance between ourselves and an object provides an important cue for our perception of the object's:

size

The quick succession of briefly flashed images i a motion picture produces:

stroboscopic movement

The Moon illusion can best be explained in terms of the relationship between:

perceived distance and perceived size

Although he was wearing a pair of glasses that shifted the apparent location of objects 20 degrees to his right, Lars was still able to play tennis very effectively. This best illustrates the value of:

perceptual adaptation

Perceptual adaptation refers to the:

perceptual adjustment to an artificially displaced visual field.

The perception of a humanlike face in the random configurations of the lunar landscape best illustrates the impact of _____ on visual perception.

perceptual schemas

Who emphasized that the whole may exceed the sum of its parts?

Gestalt psychologists

Which of the following is true of psychics who have worked with police departments in an effort to solve difficult crimes?

They have reported visions that are no more accurate than guesses.

While a student provided directions to a construction worker, two experimenters rudely interrupted by passing between them carrying a door. The student's failure to notice that the construction worker was replaced by a different person during this interruption illustrates:

change blindness

The presence and location of two curious rabbits influence our perceptions of the "magician's cabinet" pictured in the textbook. This provides an illustration of:

context effects

When Rick learned that many students had received a failing grade on the midterm exam, he was no longer disappointed by his C grade. His experience best illustrates the importance of:

context effects

Which of the following is a binocular cue for the perception of distance?

convergence

The visual cliff is a laboratory device for testing _____ in infants.

depth perception

Which of the following is a cue used by artists to convey depth on a flat canvas?

interposition

Jody's horse looks just as black in the brilliant sunlight as it does in the dim light of the stable. This illustrates what is known as:

lightness constancy

The convergence of parallel lines provides the distance cue known as:

linear perspective

The illusion of movement in animated neon signs is known as:

the phi phenomenon

When there is a conflict between bits of information received by two or more senses, which sense tends to dominate the others?

vision

Janice experienced motion sickness simply from watching a movie scene of a thrilling motorcycle chase. Her experience best illustrates the impact of:

visual capture