Chapter 6: General Anatomy and Physiology

Adults have over 60,000 miles of blood vessels in their bodies. A) True B) False

A) True

Every minute you shed about 30,000 to 40,000 dead skin cells from your body. A) True B) False

A) True

One square centimeter of skin contains 700 sweat glands. A) True B) False

A) True

One square inch of skin contains 2 sensory apparatuses for cold and 12 for heat. A) True B) False

A) True

The accessory organs of the integumentary system are the oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair and nails. A) True B) False

A) True

The blood returning to the heart from the head, face, and neck flows on each side of the neck in two principal veins. A) True B) False

A) True

The blood vessels are tube-like structures that can include the arteries. A) True B) False

A) True

The circulatory system consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries that distribute blood throughout the body. A) True B) False

A) True

The integumentary system helps regulate the body's temperature and serves as a protective covering. A) True B) False

A) True

The popliteal artery supplies blood to the foot. A) True B) False

A) True

The skin is the largest organ of the body. A) True B) False

A) True

With the exception of the teeth, the hardest tissue in the body is: A) bone B) muscle C) the brain D) marrow

A) bone

Which nerve of the lower leg and feet is also called the anterior tibial nerve? A) deep peroneal nerve B) musculocutaneous nerve C) saphenous nerve D) common peroneal nerve

A) deep peroneal nerve

The __________muscle raises the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across the forehead. A) frontalis B) orbicularis oculi C) sternocleidomastoideus D) occipitalis

A) frontalis

The process in which cells reproduce and divide into two identical cells is called: A) mitosis B) anabolism C) catabolism D) metabolism

A) mitosis

The scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system is: A) neurology B) anatomy C) physiology D) cardiology

A) neurology

Which muscles are also known as the smooth muscles? A) nonstriated muscles B) trapezius muscles C) cardiac muscles D) striated muscles

A) nonstriated muscles

The dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is the: A) nucleus B) membrane C) mitosis D) cytoplasm

A) nucleus

​The _____ nerve is the sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand. ​A) radial ​B) digital ​C) median ​D) ulnar

A) radial

The portion of the central nervous system that originates in the brain and extends down the lower trunk is the: A) spinal cord B) blood vessels C) cranial nerve D) tibial nerve

A) spinal cord

The flat bone that forms the ventral (front) support of the ribs is the: A) sternum B) scapula C) clavicle D) ulna

A) sternum

The cell does NOT need an adequate supply of _____ for mitosis to occur. ​A) waste products B) food C) oxygen D) water

A) waste products

About _______ percent of the body weight is in muscles. A) 10 to 20 B) 40 to 50 C) 35 to 45 D) 60 to 70

B) 40 to 50

Muscular tissue can be stimulated by: A) massage B) All the answers are correct C) infrared light D) electrical therapy current

B) All the answers are correct

As cosmetologist you do not need to study the structure of the skin, how it grows, or why it is Important to maintain a healthy diet. A) True B) False

B) False

One of the chief functions of the blood is to carry carbon dioxide and waste products to the cells and tissues of the body. A) True B) False

B) False

Pulmonary circulation is also known as general circulation. A) True B) False

B) False

The integumentary system only consists of your skin. A) True B) False

B) False

The skin is not a very important system. A) True B) False

B) False

The supraorbital artery and infraorbital artery are branches of the external carotid artery. A) True B) False

B) False

The word integument means skin. A) True B) False

B) False

Veins are thick walled blood vessels that are elastic. A) True B) False

B) False

The muscle of the nose is the: A) Platysma muscle B) Procerus muscle C) Frontalis muscle D) Corrugator muscle

B) Procerus muscle

Which part of a cell encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell? A) nucleus B) cell membrane C) mitosis D) cytoplasm

B) cell membrane

What is the basic unit of all living things from bacteria to animals and plants? A) muscles B) cells C) atoms D) water

B) cells

The clavicle is also known as the: A) cheekbone B) collarbone C) breastbone D) shoulder blade

B) collarbone

The broad muscle that covers the top of the skull is the: A) sternocleidomastoideus B) epicranius C) platysma D) epicranial aponeurosis

B) epicranius

Mucous membranes are an example of which type of tissue? A) nerve B) epithelial C) muscle D) adipose

B) epithelial

The connection between two or more bones of the skeleton is a(n): A) organ B) joint C) muscle D) nerve

B) joint

The small, thin bones located at the front inner wall of the orbits are the: A) nasal bones B) lacrimal bones C) malar bones D) hyoid bones

B) lacrimal bones

Which body system covers, shapes, and holds the skeletal system in place? A) integumentary system B) muscular system C) nervous system D) circulatory system

B) muscular system

During the client consultation, Marcus mentions that he is currently under the care of a neurologist. Marcus is most likely being treated for an injury or disorder involving his _____ system. A) immune B) nervous C) skeletal D) circulatory

B) nervous

Nerve tissue is composed of special cells called: A) daughter cells B) neurons C) membranes D) glands

B) neurons

The muscle that draws the scalp backward is the: A) frontalis B) occipitalis C) epicranial aponeurosis D) platysma

B) occipitalis

What is the ring muscle of the eye socket that controls the ability to close one's eyes? A) buccinator B) orbicularis oculi C) occipitalis​ D) corrugator

B) orbicularis oculi

The _____ muscles of the chest assist in the swinging movement of the arms. A) corrugator B) pectoralis C) trapezius D) tricep

B) pectoralis

The _____ nervous system carries impulses or messages to the central nervous system. A) autonomic B) peripheral D) primary D) precipitate

B) peripheral

The sensory nerve endings located close to the surface of the skin are called the: A) efferent nerves B) receptors C) trigeminal nerves D) receivers

B) receptors

All of the following are examples of connective tissue EXCEPT: A) adipose tissue B) skin C) cartilage D) blood

B) skin

The muscle of the neck that lowers and rotates the head is the: A) corrugator B) sternocleidomastoideus C) frontalis D) platysma

B) sternocleidomastoideus

A collection of similar cells that perform a particular function is called: A) an organism B) tissue C) a body system D) an organ

B) tissue

The _____ artery supplies blood to the little-finger side of the arm. A) posterior tibial B) ulnar C) radial D) anterior tibial

B) ulnar

The _____ nerve affects the muscles of the chin, lower lip, and external ear.​ ​A) posterior auricular B) ​mandibular ​C) maxillary ​D) ophthalmic

B) ​mandibular

There are approximately how many pints of blood in the human body? A) 20 or more B) 4 to 5 C) 8 to 10 D) 12 to 15

C) 8 to 10

Which muscle separates the toes? A) abductor hallucis B) soleus C) abductor digiti minimi D) flexor digiti minimi

C) abductor digiti minimi

The study of human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called: A) physiology B) physics C) anatomy D) astrology

C) anatomy

The _____ nervous system controls all voluntary muscle actions. A) autonomic B) precipitate C) central D) peripheral

C) central

What color is the blood found in veins? A) black ​B) bright red C) dark red D) blue

C) dark red

The light, spongy bone between the eye sockets is called the: A) sphenoid bone B) temporal bone C) ethmoid bone D) occipital bone

C) ethmoid bone

The extensor muscles involved with the bending of the wrist are the: A) abductors B) deltoids C) flexors D) biceps

C) flexors

The bone that forms the forehead is the: A) frontal bone B) sphenoid bone C) parietal bone D) femur

C) frontal bone

Specialized organs that remove elements from the blood and convert them into new compounds are: A) lymph nodes B) hormones C) glands D) pronators

C) glands

The largest bone of the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder, is the: A) clavicle B) ulna C) humerus D) radius

C) humerus

The U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles is the: A) sphenoid bone B) mandible C) hyoid bone D) thorax

C) hyoid bone

Which type of tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body? A) nerve tissue B) epithelial tissue C) muscles tissue D) connective tissue

C) muscles tissue

The bone of the cranium that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the: A) ethmoid bone B) frontal bone C) occipital bone D) temporal bone

C) occipital bone

The two bones that form the sides and top of the cranium are the: A) maxillae bones B) temporal bones C) parietal bones D) lacrimal bones

C) parietal bones

Which of the following bones forms the kneecap joint? A) femur B) tibia C) patella D) fibula

C) patella

The study of the functions and activities performed by the body's structures is: A) anatomy B) physics C) physiology D) histology

C) physiology

The muscle that covers the bridge of the nose is the: A) caninus muscle B) buccinator C) procerus D) mentalis muscle

C) procerus

An automatic nerve reaction to a stimulus that produces movement is a: A) neuron B) venule C) reflex D) receptor

C) reflex

The system that forms the physical foundation of the body is the: A) endocrine system B) muscular system C) skeletal system D) nervous system

C) skeletal system

The navicular is one of the: A) accessory bones B) toe phalanges C) tarsal bones D) metatarsal bones

C) tarsal bones

The inner and larger bone of the forearm located on the side of the little finger is the: A) sternum B) radius C) ulna D) carpus

C) ulna

During the hand massage portion of his manicure, Marcus tells Sabrina that his palm is tingling. Which nerve is causing the tingling sensation? A) radial nerve B) median nerve C) ulnar nerve D) digital nerve

C) ulnar nerve

The broad muscle that covers the top of the head is the: A) temporal B) occipital C) epicranius D) deltoid

C)epicranis

How many bones make up the foot? A) 40 B) 11 C) 32 D) 26

D) 26

Muscles that draw a finger inward are the: A) abductors B) none of the answers are correct C) pronator D) adductor

D) adductor

A technical term for fat is: A) cartilage B) epithelial tissue C) tendons D) adipose tissue

D) adipose tissue

What is another name for the wrist? A) metacarpus B) radius C) phalanges D) carpus

D) carpus

Which type of tissue supports, protects, and binds together parts of the body? A) epithelial tissue B) nerve tissue C) muscle tissue D) connective tissue

D) connective tissue

The watery fluid that the nucleus needs for growth, reproduction, and self-repair is: A) scapula B) mitosis​ C) adipose D) cytoplasm

D) cytoplasm

Muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line are the: A) biceps B) flexors C) adductors D) extensors

D) extensors

The skull is divided into two parts: the cranium, which protects the brain, and the: A) frontal bone B) joints C) malar bones D) facial skeleton

D) facial skeleton

Which of the following is NOT one of the three bones that composes the ankle joint? A) talus B) tibia C) fibula D) femur

D) femur

A(n) _________ muscle flexes the wrist. A) bicep B) extensor C) adductor D) flexor

D) flexor

The scalp muscle responsible for drawing the scalp forward is the: A) occipitalis B) epicranial aponeurosis​ C) platysma D) frontalis

D) frontalis

Which artery supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear? A) inferior labial artery B) submental artery C) angular artery D) internal carotid artery

D) internal carotid artery

The largest and strongest bone of the face is the: A) nasal bone B) maxillae C) temporal bone D) mandible

D) mandible

Nerves that carry impulses from the brain to the muscles are _____nerves. A) automatic B) afferent C) sensory D) motor

D) motor

The tissue that contracts and moves various parts of the body is: A) epithelial tissue B) connective tissue C) nerve tissue D) muscle tissue

D) muscle tissue

The _____ bones form the bridge of the nose. A) ethmoid B) lacrimal C) mandible​ D) nasal

D) nasal

The part of the muscle that does not move is the: A) belly B) tendon C) insertion D) origin

D) origin

What is the colorless, jelly-like substance found inside cells? A) water B) cell membrane​ C) carbohydrates D) protoplasm

D) protoplasm

Which muscle of the mouth draws the corner of the mouth out and back? A) triangularis muscle B) mentalis muscle C) orbicularis oris muscle D) risorius muscle

D) risorius muscle

Marcus tells Sabrina that for the last few months, he has not been able to detect moderate heat or cold with his fingertips. Which type of nerves are likely damaged? A) motor nerves B) both motor and sensory nerves C) neither motor nor sensory nerves D) sensory nerves

D) sensory nerves

The muscle that originates at the upper portion of the fibula and bends the foot down is the: A) gastrocnemius B) peroneus brevis C) peroneus longus D soleus

D) soleus

In massage, pressure on a muscle is directed from: A) the belly to the origin B) the origin to the insertion C) the origin to the belly D) the insertion to the origin

D) the insertion to the origin

Which of the following collects blood from the capillaries and drains it into the veins? A) aorta B) artery C) arteriole D) venule

D) venule