Chapter 6 life span and development
Factors that contribute to a decline in the vital capacity of an elderly patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. increased surface area available for air exchange. B. decreased residual volume. C. increased stiffness of the thoracic cage. D. a loss of respiratory muscle mass.
A
The pulse rate of a child from ages 6 to 12 years is approximately: Select one: A. 60 to 100 beats/min. B. 90 to 140 beats/min. C. 70 to 120 beats/min. D. 100 to 150 beats/min.
C
Infants are often referred to as "belly breathers" because: Select one: A. their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally. B. an infant's ribs are brittle and are less able to expand. C. their diaphragm does not receive impulses from the brain. D. their intercostal muscles are not functional.
A
When assessing an 80-year-old patient in shock, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. age-related changes in the cardiovascular system may make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion B. it is common to see a more significant increase in heart rate than what would be expected in younger adults. C. in older adults, it is especially common to observe a significant decrease in heart rate in response to shock. D. the patient's cardiac output is able to increase by nearly 200% in response to the decrease in perfusion.
A
Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct? Select one: A. An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's B. An infant's heart rate generally ranges between 70 and 110 beats/min. C. By 6 months of age, an infant's normal tidal volume is 2 to 4 mL/kg. D. An infant's normal heart rate increases by 10 beats/min each month.
A
Why does the incidence of diabetes mellitus increase with age? Select one: A. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased insulin production B. decreased physical activity, increased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels C. decreased food intake, decreased weight gain, and decreased blood sugar levels D. increased physical activity, increased food intake, and increased insulin production
A
According to the terminal drop hypothesis: Select one: A. most elderly patients experience depression after the death of a loved one. B. mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death. C. most late-stage adults retain high brain function until 1 month before death. D. a person's physical health begins to decline after the age of 75 years.
B
When communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that: Select one: A. the majority of older patients experience a loss of low-frequency hearing. B. age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears. C. deafness and blindness are a normal part of the process of aging. D. most older patients are confused due to a decrease in brain cells.
B
Which of the following statements regarding psychosocial development in the adolescent age group is correct? Select one: A. Because they think rationally, adolescents are at the lowest risk for suicide. B. Antisocial behavior and peer pressure peak around 14 to 16 years of age. C. Adolescents are less fixated on their public image than younger children. D. Family conflict decreases as the adolescent gains control of his or her life.
B
The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of: Select one: A. 7 and 14 months. B. 6 and 8 months. C. 3 and 4 months. D. 9 and 18 months
D