Chapter 6. Listening Effectively

Which of the following are examples of how you might paraphrase an instruction from your boss that you need to do everything necessary in order to complete your project on time?

"If I need help, is the rest of the team available?" "Do you want me to work overtime if necessary?"

Select the best answer that completes this sentence:To be probable, an event must have at least a ______ chance of occurring.

51%

The six stages of the HURIER model are

Hearing Understanding Remembering Interpreting Evaluating Responding

Match each stage of the HURIER model of effective listening (on the left) with its appropriate definition (on the right).

Hearing ----> physically perceiving sound Understanding ----> comprehending the words we have heard Remembering ----> storing ideas in memory Interpreting ----> assigning meaning to what we have heard Evaluating ----> judging the speaker's credibility and intention Responding ----> indicating that we are listening

Which of the following are true of effective listening?

It can be improved through practice. It is an acquired skill.

Which of the following will an empathic listener do when a friend is upset?

Listen nonjudgmentally. Don't interrupt.

Which statements about remembering are correct?

Remembering can help you avoid awkward situations with others. The average person is not that great at remembering. Mnemonic devices can significantly enhance our memory.

Match the type of listening response (on the left) with its description (on the right)... Stonewalling

Stonewalling ----> responding with silence or a lack of facial expression Back-channeling ----> nodding, vocalizations, or other means to let the speaker know you're paying attention paraphrasing ----> restating in your own words what the speaker has said empathizing ----> conveying to the speaker that you understand and share his or her feelings analyzing ----> providing your own perspective on what the speaker has said

In the context of the HURIER model, we define hearing as ______ process of perceiving sound.

a physical

Listening is a(n) ______ process.

active

Which of the following are characteristics of critical listening?

active listening analyzing the speaker's words

Which of the following is the most active type of listening response?

advising

You are a tutor at the math center helping a student study for an exam. Which of the following listening responses are the most appropriate in this situation?

advising analyzing paraphrasing

Which of the following listening types are commonly recognized by scholars in addition to the three major types of listening?

appreciative listening inspirational listening

Which of the following reactions illustrate the vividness effect in relation to the events of 9/11?

being afraid of working in skyscrapers being afraid of flying

Which of the following are key components of critical listening?

being skeptical of speaker claims assessing speaker motivations applying probability principles

An evaluation of a speaker's credibility requires examining which of the following factors?

bias trustworthiness expertise

In the HURIER model, remembering is a skill that

can be improved through practice

Someone who typically refuses to consider the merits of a speaker's point because it conflicts with the person's own views would be exhibiting

closed-mindedness.

The tendency not to listen to anything with which one disagrees is known as

closed-mindedness.

Interjecting one's own thoughts to take control of a conversation is known as

competitive interrupting.

The tendency to pay attention to evidence that supports preexisting beliefs while discounting proof that undermines them is the ______ bias

confirmation

One essential component of the rebuttal tendency is

crafting a reply before the speaker has finished talking.

The careful and deliberate process of evaluating and analyzing messages is known as

critical listening

When listening to a professor's lecture, which types of listening are most relevant?

critical listening informational listening

The major types of listening include which of the following? Check all that apply.

critical listening informational listening empathic listening

A person's ability to understand the speaker's language may be affected by that person's

culture

Another term for glazing over is

daydreaming

Most of us can become better listeners through

education and practice

The HURIER model identifies six stages of

effective listening

The listening process in which you are trying to identify with the speaker's thoughts or feelings is ______ listening.

empathic

When listening to a co-worker describing his recent diabetes diagnosis, you can practice

empathic listening

Which of the following are the three major types of interactive listening?

empathic listening informational listening critical listening

In which stage of the HURIER model do you separate fact from opinions in what the speaker says?

evaluating

Which of the following are stages of the HURIER model? (Select all that apply.)

evaluating hearing understanding

If you question the testimony of oil executives about the limited potential of alternative energy sources to meet current U.S. energy needs, you are most likely

exercising critical listening skills.

Which of the following are ways in which culture affects listening behaviors?

expectations for directness nonverbal listening responses understanding of language

True or false: Information overload did not exist before the Internet became widely available.

false

The responding stage involves

giving feedback

Because the mind thinks faster than most people speak, listeners think about other matters, a behavior known as ______ over.

glazing

Using the HURIER model, people can significantly improve their memory of what they

hear

The listening process is active work while the ______ process is passive.

hearing

With regard to processing sound, the ______ process is passive, whereas the ______ process is active.

hearing; listening

When you use paraphrasing to enhance informational listening, you are

hoping that the speaker will confirm or deny your interpretation

An event or fact is probable

if there is a better than 50% chance that it might be true

The modern phenomenon of people encountering and attempting to absorb huge quantities of data every day is referred to as

information overload

The process of listening to a speaker in order to learn is called ______ listening.

informational

When people talk in order to dominate a conversation, this is competitive

interrupting

Listening is a(n) ______ skill.

learned

College students spend more time ______ than any other communicative behavior.

listening

Which of the following communication behaviors occupies the highest amount of a typical college student's time?

listening

Which of the following are examples of informational listening?

listening to a professor's lecture listening to a self-help audio book listening to a friend giving you directions

A mnemonic device is designed to enhance short and long-term

memory

A device designed to enhance short and long-term memory is known as a ______ device.

mnemonic

In the context of listening, ______ is defined as anything that distracts the listener from paying attention.

noise

Which of the following are useful strategies in listening nonjudgmentally?

not offering unsolicited advice not interrupting

Which of the following are part of the interpreting stage of the HURIER process?

observing the body language of the speaker noting the speaker's tone of voice

You should consider an analyzing and paraphrasing listening style if you are

participating in a study group.

The confirmation bias occurs when we (select all that apply):

pay attention only to information that supports our values and beliefs. discount information we disagree with. ignore information we disagree with

Which of the following skills are essential for empathic listening?

perspective taking empathic concern

Pseudolistening is defined as

pretending to pay attention but not really listening.

Pretending to pay attention while not really listening is called

pseudolistening.

Your friend asks for a car ride. You immediately begin to think up a good excuse to avoid giving him a ride before he is able to fully explain why he needs the ride. In this scenario, you are acting on the ______ tendency.

rebuttal

According to the HURIER model of effective listening, for the hearing stage of the model, severely hearing-impaired people may

rely on sign language.

Mnemonics can help people to improve the ______ stage of the HURIER model.

remembering

Which of the following are actions that correspond to the final stage of the HURIER model?

responding giving feedback replying

Which of the following are examples of the evaluation step of the HURIER model?

separating fact from opinion detecting lies

The two components of the interpreting stage of the HURIER model are perceiving the speaker's verbal and nonverbal behaviors and ______ your interpretation of the message to the speaker.

signaling

In the context of listening, which of the following are examples of physical noise or psychological noise?

strong smells loud music incoming text messages

Which of the following conversations may make understanding difficult for participants?

technical conversations conversations in foreign languages

Listening is

the active process of making meaning out of another person's spoken message

While attending a conference on energy independence, you hear a number of speakers with conflicting opinions. Which of the following should you consider in order to evaluate their relative credibility?

their degrees in relevant fields their experience in the energy field

True or false: Effective listening is a learned skill, not an intuitive one.

true

In the HURIER model, comprehension of the words and phrases heard is part of

understanding

The tendency for dramatic events to distort our perceptions of reality is known as the ______ effect.

vividness

Which of the following are examples of empathic listening?

working as a marriage counselor listening to a friend who lost her job