Chapter 6 mastering A&P
Which of the following statements correctly describes gigantism?
An excess of growth hormone is released before the epiphyseal lines have formed.
Which of the following statements about bone tissue is FALSE?
It is made primarily of cells.
Which of the following allows a bone to increase in diameter or width?
appositional growth
Osteoclasts __________.
are multinucleate cells, are derived from monocytes, and remove bone matrix
The removal of collagen fibers from bone would cause the bone to __________.
become less flexible
Spongy bone is located where __________.
bones are not heavily stressed and where stress arrives from many directions
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
contraction
Which of the following is NOT a major blood vessel of a typical bone?
diaphyseal vessel
What is the term for the extended tubular shaft of a long bone?
diaphysis
The femur and the humerus are examples of __________.
long bones
The endosteum covers the __________.
trabeculae
Which of the following are NOT structural components of compact bone?
trabeculae
Which of the following structures would be located in spongy bone?
trabeculae
__________ is required for collagen synthesis, and a deficit results in a condition called scurvy.
vitamin C
One function of bone is to produce red and white blood cells. These cells are made in what substance in bone?
red marrow
What is the term for the process in which the organic and mineral components of bone are continuously recycled and renewed?
remodeling
Which of the following is the last step of fracture repair?
remodeling to return the bone to its normal shape
The carpals or wrist bones are examples of __________.
short bones
In which of the following does bone replace existing cartilage?
endochondral ossification
The frontal bone is an example of a(n) __________.
flat bone
Which of the following is an effect of stress on a bone?
The bone will become thicker.
Which of the following forms the flat bones of the skull?
intramembranous ossification
Which of the following is the term for a fracture in which the broken bone breaks through the skin?
open or compound
Which component of bone is responsible for blood cell formation?
red bone marrow
Which of the following hormones helps to increase calcium levels in bone and is therefore critical for children and pregnant women?
calcitonin
Which two hormones play opposing roles in regulating the calcium level in blood and body fluids?
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone
Which of the following types of bone cell is responsible for removing and recycling bone?
osteoclasts
Which of the following types of cell are the mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix?
osteocytes
What is the term for a reduction in bone mass that is sufficiently large that it compromises the normal function of the bone?
osteoporosis
What is the name of the membrane that covers the outer surface of the bones?
periosteum
A bone containing a spinous process has a(n) __________.
pointed process